misc/mke2fs.c

   1 /*
   2  * mke2fs.c - Make a ext2fs filesystem.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 Theodore Ts'o.
   5  *
   6  * %Begin-Header%
   7  * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
   8  * License.
   9  * %End-Header%
  10  */
  11
  12 /* Usage: mke2fs [options] device
  13  *
  14  * The device may be a block device or a image of one, but this isn't
  15  * enforced (but it's not much fun on a character device :-).
  16  */
  17
  18 #include <stdio.h>
  19 #include <string.h>
  20 #include <fcntl.h>
  21 #include <ctype.h>
  22 #include <time.h>
  23 #ifdef __linux__
  24 #include <sys/utsname.h>
  25 #endif
  26 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
  27 #include <getopt.h>
  28 #else
  29 extern char *optarg;
  30 extern int optind;
  31 #endif
  32 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
  33 #include <unistd.h>
  34 #endif
  35 #ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
  36 #include <stdlib.h>
  37 #endif
  38 #ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
  39 #include <errno.h>
  40 #endif
  41 #ifdef HAVE_MNTENT_H
  42 #include <mntent.h>
  43 #endif
  44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  45 #include <sys/types.h>
  46
  47 #include "ext2fs/ext2_fs.h"
  48 #include "et/com_err.h"
  49 #include "uuid/uuid.h"
  50 #include "e2p/e2p.h"
  51 #include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
  52 #include "util.h"
  53 #include "../version.h"
  54 #include "nls-enable.h"
  55
  56 #define STRIDE_LENGTH 8
  57
  58 #ifndef __sparc__
  59 #define ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
  60 #endif
  61
  62 extern int isatty(int);
  63 extern FILE *fpopen(const char *cmd, const char *mode);
  64
  65 const char * program_name = "mke2fs";
  66 const char * device_name /* = NULL */;
  67
  68 /* Command line options */
  69 int     cflag;
  70 int     verbose;
  71 int     quiet;
  72 int     super_only;
  73 int     force;
  74 int     noaction;
  75 int     journal_size;
  76 int     journal_flags;
  77 char    *bad_blocks_filename;
  78 __u32   fs_stride;
  79
  80 struct ext2_super_block param;
  81 char *creator_os;
  82 char *volume_label;
  83 char *mount_dir;
  84 char *journal_device;
  85 int sync_kludge;        /* Set using the MKE2FS_SYNC env. option */
  86
  87 int sys_page_size = 4096;
  88
  89 static void usage(void)
  90 {
  91         fprintf(stderr, _("Usage: %s [-c|-t|-l filename] [-b block-size] "
  92         "[-f fragment-size]\n\t[-i bytes-per-inode] [-j] [-J journal-options]"
  93         " [-N number-of-inodes]\n\t[-m reserved-blocks-percentage] "
  94         "[-o creator-os] [-g blocks-per-group]\n\t[-L volume-label] "
  95         "[-M last-mounted-directory] [-O feature[,...]]\n\t"
  96         "[-r fs-revision] [-R raid_opts] [-qvSV] device [blocks-count]\n"),
  97                 program_name);
  98         exit(1);
  99 }
 100
 101 static int int_log2(int arg)
 102 {
 103         int     l = 0;
 104
 105         arg >>= 1;
 106         while (arg) {
 107                 l++;
 108                 arg >>= 1;
 109         }
 110         return l;
 111 }
 112
 113 static int int_log10(unsigned int arg)
 114 {
 115         int     l;
 116
 117         for (l=0; arg ; l++)
 118                 arg = arg / 10;
 119         return l;
 120 }
 121
 122 /*
 123  * This function sets the default parameters for a filesystem
 124  *
 125  * The type is specified by the user.  The size is the maximum size
 126  * (in megabytes) for which a set of parameters applies, with a size
 127  * of zero meaning that it is the default parameter for the type.
 128  * Note that order is important in the table below.
 129  */
 130 #define DEF_MAX_BLOCKSIZE -1
 131 static char default_str[] = "default";
 132 struct mke2fs_defaults {
 133         const char      *type;
 134         int             size;
 135         int             blocksize;
 136         int             inode_ratio;
 137 } settings[] = {
 138         { default_str, 0, 4096, 8192 },
 139         { default_str, 512, 1024, 4096 },
 140         { default_str, 3, 1024, 8192 },
 141         { "journal", 0, 4096, 8192 },
 142         { "news", 0, 4096, 4096 },
 143         { "largefile", 0, DEF_MAX_BLOCKSIZE, 1024 * 1024 },
 144         { "largefile4", 0, DEF_MAX_BLOCKSIZE, 4096 * 1024 },
 145         { 0, 0, 0, 0},
 146 };
 147
 148 static void set_fs_defaults(const char *fs_type,
 149                             struct ext2_super_block *super,
 150                             int blocksize, int *inode_ratio)
 151 {
 152         int     megs;
 153         int     ratio = 0;
 154         struct mke2fs_defaults *p;
 155
 156         megs = super->s_blocks_count * (EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024) / 1024;
 157         if (inode_ratio)
 158                 ratio = *inode_ratio;
 159         if (!fs_type)
 160                 fs_type = default_str;
 161         for (p = settings; p->type; p++) {
 162                 if ((strcmp(p->type, fs_type) != 0) &&
 163                     (strcmp(p->type, default_str) != 0))
 164                         continue;
 165                 if ((p->size != 0) &&
 166                     (megs > p->size))
 167                         continue;
 168                 if (ratio == 0)
 169                         *inode_ratio = p->inode_ratio;
 170                 if (blocksize == 0) {
 171                         if (p->blocksize == DEF_MAX_BLOCKSIZE)
 172                                 p->blocksize = sys_page_size;
 173                         super->s_log_frag_size = super->s_log_block_size =
 174                                 int_log2(p->blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 175                 }
 176         }
 177         if (blocksize == 0)
 178                 super->s_blocks_count /= EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024;
 179 }
 180
 181 /*
 182  * Helper function for read_bb_file and test_disk
 183  */
 184 static void invalid_block(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk)
 185 {
 186         fprintf(stderr, _("Bad block %u out of range; ignored.\n"), blk);
 187         return;
 188 }
 189
 190 /*
 191  * Reads the bad blocks list from a file
 192  */
 193 static void read_bb_file(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list,
 194                          const char *bad_blocks_file)
 195 {
 196         FILE            *f;
 197         errcode_t       retval;
 198
 199         f = fopen(bad_blocks_file, "r");
 200         if (!f) {
 201                 com_err("read_bad_blocks_file", errno,
 202                         _("while trying to open %s"), bad_blocks_file);
 203                 exit(1);
 204         }
 205         retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
 206         fclose (f);
 207         if (retval) {
 208                 com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
 209                         _("while reading in list of bad blocks from file"));
 210                 exit(1);
 211         }
 212 }
 213
 214 /*
 215  * Runs the badblocks program to test the disk
 216  */
 217 static void test_disk(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list)
 218 {
 219         FILE            *f;
 220         errcode_t       retval;
 221         char            buf[1024];
 222
 223         sprintf(buf, "badblocks -b %d %s%s%s %d", fs->blocksize,
 224                 quiet ? "" : "-s ", (cflag > 1) ? "-w " : "",
 225                 fs->device_name, fs->super->s_blocks_count);
 226         if (verbose)
 227                 printf(_("Running command: %s\n"), buf);
 228         f = popen(buf, "r");
 229         if (!f) {
 230                 com_err("popen", errno,
 231                         _("while trying run '%s'"), buf);
 232                 exit(1);
 233         }
 234         retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
 235         pclose(f);
 236         if (retval) {
 237                 com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
 238                         _("while processing list of bad blocks from program"));
 239                 exit(1);
 240         }
 241 }
 242
 243 static void handle_bad_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
 244 {
 245         int                     i, j;
 246         int                     must_be_good;
 247         blk_t                   blk;
 248         badblocks_iterate       bb_iter;
 249         errcode_t               retval;
 250         blk_t                   group_block;
 251         int                     group;
 252         int                     group_bad;
 253
 254         if (!bb_list)
 255                 return;
 256
 257         /*
 258          * The primary superblock and group descriptors *must* be
 259          * good; if not, abort.
 260          */
 261         must_be_good = fs->super->s_first_data_block + 1 + fs->desc_blocks;
 262         for (i = fs->super->s_first_data_block; i <= must_be_good; i++) {
 263                 if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list, i)) {
 264                         fprintf(stderr, _("Block %d in primary "
 265                                 "superblock/group descriptor area bad.\n"), i);
 266                         fprintf(stderr, _("Blocks %d through %d must be good "
 267                                 "in order to build a filesystem.\n"),
 268                                 fs->super->s_first_data_block, must_be_good);
 269                         fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting....\n"));
 270                         exit(1);
 271                 }
 272         }
 273
 274         /*
 275          * See if any of the bad blocks are showing up in the backup
 276          * superblocks and/or group descriptors.  If so, issue a
 277          * warning and adjust the block counts appropriately.
 278          */
 279         group_block = fs->super->s_first_data_block +
 280                 fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
 281
 282         for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 283                 group_bad = 0;
 284                 for (j=0; j < fs->desc_blocks+1; j++) {
 285                         if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list,
 286                                                        group_block + j)) {
 287                                 if (!group_bad)
 288                                         fprintf(stderr,
 289 _("Warning: the backup superblock/group descriptors at block %d contain\n"
 290 "       bad blocks.\n\n"),
 291                                                 group_block);
 292                                 group_bad++;
 293                                 group = ext2fs_group_of_blk(fs, group_block+j);
 294                                 fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_blocks_count++;
 295                                 fs->super->s_free_blocks_count++;
 296                         }
 297                 }
 298                 group_block += fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
 299         }
 300
 301         /*
 302          * Mark all the bad blocks as used...
 303          */
 304         retval = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list, &bb_iter);
 305         if (retval) {
 306                 com_err("ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin", retval,
 307                         _("while marking bad blocks as used"));
 308                 exit(1);
 309         }
 310         while (ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate(bb_iter, &blk))
 311                 ext2fs_mark_block_bitmap(fs->block_map, blk);
 312         ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
 313 }
 314
 315 /*
 316  * These functions implement a generalized progress meter.
 317  */
 318 struct progress_struct {
 319         char            format[20];
 320         char            backup[80];
 321         __u32           max;
 322 };
 323
 324 static void progress_init(struct progress_struct *progress,
 325                           const char *label,__u32 max)
 326 {
 327         int     i;
 328
 329         memset(progress, 0, sizeof(struct progress_struct));
 330         if (quiet)
 331                 return;
 332
 333         /*
 334          * Figure out how many digits we need
 335          */
 336         i = int_log10(max);
 337         sprintf(progress->format, "%%%dd/%%%dld", i, i);
 338         memset(progress->backup, '\b', sizeof(progress->backup)-1);
 339         progress->backup[sizeof(progress->backup)-1] = 0;
 340         if ((2*i)+1 < sizeof(progress->backup))
 341                 progress->backup[(2*i)+1] = 0;
 342         progress->max = max;
 343
 344         fputs(label, stdout);
 345         fflush(stdout);
 346 }
 347
 348 static void progress_update(struct progress_struct *progress, __u32 val)
 349 {
 350         if (progress->format[0] == 0)
 351                 return;
 352         printf(progress->format, val, progress->max);
 353         fputs(progress->backup, stdout);
 354 }
 355
 356 static void progress_close(struct progress_struct *progress)
 357 {
 358         if (progress->format[0] == 0)
 359                 return;
 360         fputs(_("done                            \n"), stdout);
 361 }
 362
 363
 364 /*
 365  * Helper function which zeros out _num_ blocks starting at _blk_.  In
 366  * case of an error, the details of the error is returned via _ret_blk_
 367  * and _ret_count_ if they are non-NULL pointers.  Returns 0 on
 368  * success, and an error code on an error.
 369  *
 370  * As a special case, if the first argument is NULL, then it will
 371  * attempt to free the static zeroizing buffer.  (This is to keep
 372  * programs that check for memory leaks happy.)
 373  */
 374 static errcode_t zero_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk, int num,
 375                              struct progress_struct *progress,
 376                              blk_t *ret_blk, int *ret_count)
 377 {
 378         int             j, count, next_update, next_update_incr;
 379         static char     *buf;
 380         errcode_t       retval;
 381
 382         /* If fs is null, clean up the static buffer and return */
 383         if (!fs) {
 384                 if (buf) {
 385                         free(buf);
 386                         buf = 0;
 387                 }
 388                 return 0;
 389         }
 390         /* Allocate the zeroizing buffer if necessary */
 391         if (!buf) {
 392                 buf = malloc(fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
 393                 if (!buf) {
 394                         com_err("malloc", ENOMEM,
 395                                 _("while allocating zeroizing buffer"));
 396                         exit(1);
 397                 }
 398                 memset(buf, 0, fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
 399         }
 400         /* OK, do the write loop */
 401         next_update = 0;
 402         next_update_incr = num / 100;
 403         if (next_update_incr < 1)
 404                 next_update_incr = 1;
 405         for (j=0; j < num; j += STRIDE_LENGTH, blk += STRIDE_LENGTH) {
 406                 if (num-j > STRIDE_LENGTH)
 407                         count = STRIDE_LENGTH;
 408                 else
 409                         count = num - j;
 410                 retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, blk, count, buf);
 411                 if (retval) {
 412                         if (ret_count)
 413                                 *ret_count = count;
 414                         if (ret_blk)
 415                                 *ret_blk = blk;
 416                         return retval;
 417                 }
 418                 if (progress && j > next_update) {
 419                         next_update += num / 100;
 420                         progress_update(progress, blk);
 421                 }
 422         }
 423         return 0;
 424 }
 425
 426 static void write_inode_tables(ext2_filsys fs)
 427 {
 428         errcode_t       retval;
 429         blk_t           blk;
 430         int             i, num;
 431         struct progress_struct progress;
 432
 433         if (quiet)
 434                 memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
 435         else
 436                 progress_init(&progress, _("Writing inode tables: "),
 437                               fs->group_desc_count);
 438
 439         for (i = 0; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 440                 progress_update(&progress, i);
 441
 442                 blk = fs->group_desc[i].bg_inode_table;
 443                 num = fs->inode_blocks_per_group;
 444
 445                 retval = zero_blocks(fs, blk, num, 0, &blk, &num);
 446                 if (retval) {
 447                         fprintf(stderr, _("\nCould not write %d blocks "
 448                                 "in inode table starting at %d: %s\n"),
 449                                 num, blk, error_message(retval));
 450                         exit(1);
 451                 }
 452                 if (sync_kludge) {
 453                         if (sync_kludge == 1)
 454                                 sync();
 455                         else if ((i % sync_kludge) == 0)
 456                                 sync();
 457                 }
 458         }
 459         zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 460         progress_close(&progress);
 461 }
 462
 463 static void create_root_dir(ext2_filsys fs)
 464 {
 465         errcode_t       retval;
 466         struct ext2_inode       inode;
 467
 468         retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0);
 469         if (retval) {
 470                 com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval, _("while creating root dir"));
 471                 exit(1);
 472         }
 473         if (geteuid()) {
 474                 retval = ext2fs_read_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
 475                 if (retval) {
 476                         com_err("ext2fs_read_inode", retval,
 477                                 _("while reading root inode"));
 478                         exit(1);
 479                 }
 480                 inode.i_uid = getuid();
 481                 if (inode.i_uid)
 482                         inode.i_gid = getgid();
 483                 retval = ext2fs_write_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
 484                 if (retval) {
 485                         com_err("ext2fs_write_inode", retval,
 486                                 _("while setting root inode ownership"));
 487                         exit(1);
 488                 }
 489         }
 490 }
 491
 492 static void create_lost_and_found(ext2_filsys fs)
 493 {
 494         errcode_t               retval;
 495         ext2_ino_t              ino;
 496         const char              *name = "lost+found";
 497         int                     i;
 498         int                     lpf_size = 0;
 499
 500         fs->umask = 077;
 501         retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0, name);
 502         if (retval) {
 503                 com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval,
 504                         _("while creating /lost+found"));
 505                 exit(1);
 506         }
 507
 508         retval = ext2fs_lookup(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, name, strlen(name), 0, &ino);
 509         if (retval) {
 510                 com_err("ext2_lookup", retval,
 511                         _("while looking up /lost+found"));
 512                 exit(1);
 513         }
 514
 515         for (i=1; i < EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS; i++) {
 516                 if ((lpf_size += fs->blocksize) >= 16*1024)
 517                         break;
 518                 retval = ext2fs_expand_dir(fs, ino);
 519                 if (retval) {
 520                         com_err("ext2fs_expand_dir", retval,
 521                                 _("while expanding /lost+found"));
 522                         exit(1);
 523                 }
 524         }
 525 }
 526
 527 static void create_bad_block_inode(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
 528 {
 529         errcode_t       retval;
 530
 531         ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, EXT2_BAD_INO);
 532         fs->group_desc[0].bg_free_inodes_count--;
 533         fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
 534         retval = ext2fs_update_bb_inode(fs, bb_list);
 535         if (retval) {
 536                 com_err("ext2fs_update_bb_inode", retval,
 537                         _("while setting bad block inode"));
 538                 exit(1);
 539         }
 540
 541 }
 542
 543 static void reserve_inodes(ext2_filsys fs)
 544 {
 545         ext2_ino_t      i;
 546         int             group;
 547
 548         for (i = EXT2_ROOT_INO + 1; i < EXT2_FIRST_INODE(fs->super); i++) {
 549                 ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, i);
 550                 group = ext2fs_group_of_ino(fs, i);
 551                 fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_inodes_count--;
 552                 fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
 553         }
 554         ext2fs_mark_ib_dirty(fs);
 555 }
 556
 557 #define BSD_DISKMAGIC   (0x82564557UL)  /* The disk magic number */
 558 #define BSD_MAGICDISK   (0x57455682UL)  /* The disk magic number reversed */
 559 #define BSD_LABEL_OFFSET        64
 560
 561 static void zap_sector(ext2_filsys fs, int sect, int nsect)
 562 {
 563         char *buf;
 564         int retval;
 565         unsigned int *magic;
 566
 567         buf = malloc(512*nsect);
 568         if (!buf) {
 569                 printf(_("Out of memory erasing sectors %d-%d\n"),
 570                        sect, sect + nsect - 1);
 571                 exit(1);
 572         }
 573         memset(buf, 0, 512*nsect);
 574
 575         if (sect == 0) {
 576                 /* Check for a BSD disklabel, and don't erase it if so */
 577                 retval = io_channel_read_blk(fs->io, 0, -512, buf);
 578                 if (retval)
 579                         fprintf(stderr,
 580                                 _("Warning: could not read block 0: %s\n"),
 581                                 error_message(retval));
 582                 else {
 583                         magic = (unsigned int *) (buf + BSD_LABEL_OFFSET);
 584                         if ((*magic == BSD_DISKMAGIC) ||
 585                             (*magic == BSD_MAGICDISK))
 586                                 return;
 587                 }
 588         }
 589
 590         io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, 512);
 591         retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, sect, -512*nsect, buf);
 592         io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, fs->blocksize);
 593         free(buf);
 594         if (retval)
 595                 fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: could not erase sector %d: %s\n"),
 596                         sect, error_message(retval));
 597 }
 598
 599 static void create_journal_dev(ext2_filsys fs)
 600 {
 601         struct progress_struct progress;
 602         errcode_t               retval;
 603         char                    *buf;
 604         blk_t                   blk;
 605         int                     count;
 606
 607         retval = ext2fs_create_journal_superblock(fs,
 608                                   fs->super->s_blocks_count, 0, &buf);
 609         if (retval) {
 610                 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
 611                         _("while initializing journal superblock"));
 612                 exit(1);
 613         }
 614         if (quiet)
 615                 memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
 616         else
 617                 progress_init(&progress, _("Zeroing journal device: "),
 618                               fs->super->s_blocks_count);
 619
 620         retval = zero_blocks(fs, 0, fs->super->s_blocks_count,
 621                              &progress, &blk, &count);
 622         if (retval) {
 623                 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
 624                         _("while zeroing journal device (block %u, count %d)"),
 625                         blk, count);
 626                 exit(1);
 627         }
 628         zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 629
 630         retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io,
 631                                       fs->super->s_first_data_block+1,
 632                                       1, buf);
 633         if (retval) {
 634                 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
 635                         _("while writing journal superblock"));
 636                 exit(1);
 637         }
 638         progress_close(&progress);
 639 }
 640
 641 static void show_stats(ext2_filsys fs)
 642 {
 643         struct ext2_super_block *s = fs->super;
 644         char                    buf[80];
 645         blk_t                   group_block;
 646         int                     i, need, col_left;
 647
 648         if (param.s_blocks_count != s->s_blocks_count)
 649                 fprintf(stderr, _("warning: %d blocks unused.\n\n"),
 650                        param.s_blocks_count - s->s_blocks_count);
 651
 652         memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
 653         strncpy(buf, s->s_volume_name, sizeof(s->s_volume_name));
 654         printf(_("Filesystem label=%s\n"), buf);
 655         printf(_("OS type: "));
 656         switch (fs->super->s_creator_os) {
 657             case EXT2_OS_LINUX: printf ("Linux"); break;
 658             case EXT2_OS_HURD:  printf ("GNU/Hurd");   break;
 659             case EXT2_OS_MASIX: printf ("Masix"); break;
 660             default:            printf (_("(unknown os)"));
 661         }
 662         printf("\n");
 663         printf(_("Block size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->blocksize,
 664                 s->s_log_block_size);
 665         printf(_("Fragment size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->fragsize,
 666                 s->s_log_frag_size);
 667         printf(_("%u inodes, %u blocks\n"), s->s_inodes_count,
 668                s->s_blocks_count);
 669         printf(_("%u blocks (%2.2f%%) reserved for the super user\n"),
 670                 s->s_r_blocks_count,
 671                100.0 * s->s_r_blocks_count / s->s_blocks_count);
 672         printf(_("First data block=%u\n"), s->s_first_data_block);
 673         if (fs->group_desc_count > 1)
 674                 printf(_("%u block groups\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
 675         else
 676                 printf(_("%u block group\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
 677         printf(_("%u blocks per group, %u fragments per group\n"),
 678                s->s_blocks_per_group, s->s_frags_per_group);
 679         printf(_("%u inodes per group\n"), s->s_inodes_per_group);
 680
 681         if (fs->group_desc_count == 1) {
 682                 printf("\n");
 683                 return;
 684         }
 685
 686         printf(_("Superblock backups stored on blocks: "));
 687         group_block = s->s_first_data_block;
 688         col_left = 0;
 689         for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 690                 group_block += s->s_blocks_per_group;
 691                 if (!ext2fs_bg_has_super(fs, i))
 692                         continue;
 693                 if (i != 1)
 694                         printf(", ");
 695                 need = int_log10(group_block) + 2;
 696                 if (need > col_left) {
 697                         printf("\n\t");
 698                         col_left = 72;
 699                 }
 700                 col_left -= need;
 701                 printf("%u", group_block);
 702         }
 703         printf("\n\n");
 704 }
 705
 706 /*
 707  * Set the S_CREATOR_OS field.  Return true if OS is known,
 708  * otherwise, 0.
 709  */
 710 static int set_os(struct ext2_super_block *sb, char *os)
 711 {
 712         if (isdigit (*os))
 713                 sb->s_creator_os = atoi (os);
 714         else if (strcasecmp(os, "linux") == 0)
 715                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_LINUX;
 716         else if (strcasecmp(os, "GNU") == 0 || strcasecmp(os, "hurd") == 0)
 717                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_HURD;
 718         else if (strcasecmp(os, "masix") == 0)
 719                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_MASIX;
 720         else
 721                 return 0;
 722         return 1;
 723 }
 724
 725 #define PATH_SET "PATH=/sbin"
 726
 727 static void parse_raid_opts(const char *opts)
 728 {
 729         char    *buf, *token, *next, *p, *arg;
 730         int     len;
 731         int     raid_usage = 0;
 732
 733         len = strlen(opts);
 734         buf = malloc(len+1);
 735         if (!buf) {
 736                 fprintf(stderr, _("Couldn't allocate memory to parse "
 737                         "raid options!\n"));
 738                 exit(1);
 739         }
 740         strcpy(buf, opts);
 741         for (token = buf; token && *token; token = next) {
 742                 p = strchr(token, ',');
 743                 next = 0;
 744                 if (p) {
 745                         *p = 0;
 746                         next = p+1;
 747                 }
 748                 arg = strchr(token, '=');
 749                 if (arg) {
 750                         *arg = 0;
 751                         arg++;
 752                 }
 753                 if (strcmp(token, "stride") == 0) {
 754                         if (!arg) {
 755                                 raid_usage++;
 756                                 continue;
 757                         }
 758                         fs_stride = strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
 759                         if (*p || (fs_stride == 0)) {
 760                                 fprintf(stderr,
 761                                         _("Invalid stride parameter.\n"));
 762                                 raid_usage++;
 763                                 continue;
 764                         }
 765                 } else
 766                         raid_usage++;
 767         }
 768         if (raid_usage) {
 769                 fprintf(stderr, _("\nBad raid options specified.\n\n"
 770                         "Raid options are separated by commas, "
 771                         "and may take an argument which\n"
 772                         "\tis set off by an equals ('=') sign.\n\n"
 773                         "Valid raid options are:\n"
 774                         "\tstride=<stride length in blocks>\n\n"));
 775                 exit(1);
 776         }
 777 }
 778
 779 static __u32 ok_features[3] = {
 780         EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL,        /* Compat */
 781         EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE|         /* Incompat */
 782                 EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV,
 783         EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER     /* R/O compat */
 784 };
 785
 786
 787 static void PRS(int argc, char *argv[])
 788 {
 789         int             c;
 790         int             size;
 791         char *          tmp;
 792         blk_t           group_blk_max = 8192;
 793         int             blocksize = 0;
 794         int             inode_ratio = 0;
 795         int             inode_size = 0;
 796         int             reserved_ratio = 5;
 797         ext2_ino_t      num_inodes = 0;
 798         errcode_t       retval;
 799         char *          oldpath = getenv("PATH");
 800         char *          raid_opts = 0;
 801         const char *    fs_type = 0;
 802         int             default_features = 1;
 803         blk_t           dev_size;
 804 #ifdef __linux__
 805         struct          utsname ut;
 806 #endif
 807         long            sysval;
 808
 809         /* Update our PATH to include /sbin  */
 810         if (oldpath) {
 811                 char *newpath;
 812
 813                 newpath = malloc(sizeof (PATH_SET) + 1 + strlen (oldpath));
 814                 strcpy (newpath, PATH_SET);
 815                 strcat (newpath, ":");
 816                 strcat (newpath, oldpath);
 817                 putenv (newpath);
 818         } else
 819                 putenv (PATH_SET);
 820
 821         tmp = getenv("MKE2FS_SYNC");
 822         if (tmp)
 823                 sync_kludge = atoi(tmp);
 824
 825         /* Determine the system page size if possible */
 826 #ifdef HAVE_SYSCONF
 827 #if (!defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) && defined(_SC_PAGE_SIZE))
 828 #define _SC_PAGESIZE _SC_PAGE_SIZE
 829 #endif
 830 #ifdef _SC_PAGESIZE
 831         sysval = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
 832         if (sysconf > 0)
 833                 sys_page_size = sysval;
 834 #endif /* _SC_PAGESIZE */
 835 #endif /* HAVE_SYSCONF */
 836
 837         setbuf(stdout, NULL);
 838         setbuf(stderr, NULL);
 839         initialize_ext2_error_table();
 840         memset(&param, 0, sizeof(struct ext2_super_block));
 841         param.s_rev_level = 1;  /* Create revision 1 filesystems now */
 842         param.s_feature_incompat |= EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE;
 843         param.s_feature_ro_compat |= EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
 844
 845 #ifdef __linux__
 846         if (uname(&ut)) {
 847                 perror("uname");
 848                 exit(1);
 849         }
 850         if ((ut.release[0] == '1') ||
 851             (ut.release[0] == '2' && ut.release[1] == '.' &&
 852              ut.release[2] < '2' && ut.release[3] == '.')) {
 853                 param.s_rev_level = 0;
 854                 param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
 855                 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
 856                 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
 857         }
 858 #endif
 859         fprintf (stderr, "mke2fs %s (%s)\n",
 860                  E2FSPROGS_VERSION, E2FSPROGS_DATE);
 861
 862         if (argc && *argv) {
 863                 program_name = get_progname(*argv);
 864
 865                 /* If called as mkfs.ext3, create a journal inode */
 866                 if (!strcmp(program_name, "mkfs.ext3"))
 867                         journal_size = -1;
 868         }
 869
 870         while ((c = getopt (argc, argv,
 871                     "b:cf:g:i:jl:m:no:qr:R:s:tvI:J:ST:FL:M:N:O:V")) != EOF)
 872                 switch (c) {
 873                 case 'b':
 874                         blocksize = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 875                         if (blocksize < EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE ||
 876                             blocksize > EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE || *tmp) {
 877                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 878                                         _("bad block size - %s"), optarg);
 879                                 exit(1);
 880                         }
 881                         if (blocksize > 4096)
 882                                 fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: blocksize %d not "
 883                                                   "usable on most systems.\n"),
 884                                         blocksize);
 885                         param.s_log_block_size =
 886                                 int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 887                         group_blk_max = blocksize * 8;
 888                         break;
 889                 case 'c':       /* Check for bad blocks */
 890                 case 't':       /* deprecated */
 891                         cflag++;
 892                         break;
 893                 case 'f':
 894                         size = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 895                         if (size < EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE ||
 896                             size > EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE || *tmp) {
 897                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 898                                         _("bad fragment size - %s"),
 899                                         optarg);
 900                                 exit(1);
 901                         }
 902                         param.s_log_frag_size =
 903                                 int_log2(size >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 904                         fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: fragments not supported.  "
 905                                "Ignoring -f option\n"));
 906                         break;
 907                 case 'g':
 908                         param.s_blocks_per_group = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 909                         if (*tmp) {
 910                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 911                                         _("Illegal number for blocks per group"));
 912                                 exit(1);
 913                         }
 914                         if ((param.s_blocks_per_group % 8) != 0) {
 915                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 916                                 _("blocks per group must be multiple of 8"));
 917                                 exit(1);
 918                         }
 919                         break;
 920                 case 'i':
 921                         inode_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 922                         if (inode_ratio < EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE ||
 923                             inode_ratio > EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE * 1024 ||
 924                             *tmp) {
 925                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 926                                         _("bad inode ratio %s (min %d/max %d"),
 927                                         optarg, EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE,
 928                                         EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE);
 929                                 exit(1);
 930                         }
 931                         break;
 932                 case 'J':
 933                         parse_journal_opts(optarg);
 934                         break;
 935                 case 'j':
 936                         param.s_feature_compat |=
 937                                 EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
 938                         if (!journal_size)
 939                                 journal_size = -1;
 940                         break;
 941                 case 'l':
 942                         bad_blocks_filename = malloc(strlen(optarg)+1);
 943                         if (!bad_blocks_filename) {
 944                                 com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
 945                                         _("in malloc for bad_blocks_filename"));
 946                                 exit(1);
 947                         }
 948                         strcpy(bad_blocks_filename, optarg);
 949                         break;
 950                 case 'm':
 951                         reserved_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 952                         if (reserved_ratio > 50 || *tmp) {
 953                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 954                                         _("bad reserved blocks percent - %s"),
 955                                         optarg);
 956                                 exit(1);
 957                         }
 958                         break;
 959                 case 'n':
 960                         noaction++;
 961                         break;
 962                 case 'o':
 963                         creator_os = optarg;
 964                         break;
 965                 case 'r':
 966                         param.s_rev_level = atoi(optarg);
 967                         if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV) {
 968                                 param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
 969                                 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
 970                                 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
 971                         }
 972                         break;
 973                 case 's':       /* deprecated */
 974                         if (atoi(optarg))
 975                                 param.s_feature_ro_compat |=
 976                                         EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
 977                         else
 978                                 param.s_feature_ro_compat &=
 979                                         ~EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
 980                         break;
 981 #ifdef EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV
 982                 case 'I':
 983                         inode_size = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 984                         if (*tmp) {
 985                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 986                                         _("bad inode size - %s"), optarg);
 987                                 exit(1);
 988                         }
 989                         break;
 990 #endif
 991                 case 'N':
 992                         num_inodes = atoi(optarg);
 993                         break;
 994                 case 'v':
 995                         verbose = 1;
 996                         break;
 997                 case 'q':
 998                         quiet = 1;
 999                         break;
1000                 case 'F':
1001                         force = 1;
1002                         break;
1003                 case 'L':
1004                         volume_label = optarg;
1005                         break;
1006                 case 'M':
1007                         mount_dir = optarg;
1008                         break;
1009                 case 'O':
1010                         if (!strcmp(optarg, "none") || default_features) {
1011                                 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
1012                                 param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
1013                                 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
1014                                 default_features = 0;
1015                         }
1016                         if (!strcmp(optarg, "none"))
1017                                 break;
1018                         if (e2p_edit_feature(optarg,
1019                                             &param.s_feature_compat,
1020                                             ok_features)) {
1021                                 fprintf(stderr,
1022                                         _("Invalid filesystem option set: %s\n"), optarg);
1023                                 exit(1);
1024                         }
1025                         break;
1026                 case 'R':
1027                         raid_opts = optarg;
1028                         break;
1029                 case 'S':
1030                         super_only = 1;
1031                         break;
1032                 case 'T':
1033                         fs_type = optarg;
1034                         break;
1035                 case 'V':
1036                         /* Print version number and exit */
1037                         fprintf(stderr, _("\tUsing %s\n"),
1038                                 error_message(EXT2_ET_BASE));
1039                         exit(0);
1040                 default:
1041                         usage();
1042                 }
1043         if (optind == argc)
1044                 usage();
1045         device_name = argv[optind];
1046         optind++;
1047         if (optind < argc) {
1048                 unsigned long tmp2  = strtoul(argv[optind++], &tmp, 0);
1049
1050                 if ((*tmp) || (tmp2 > 0xfffffffful)) {
1051                         com_err(program_name, 0, _("bad blocks count - %s"),
1052                                 argv[optind - 1]);
1053                         exit(1);
1054                 }
1055                 param.s_blocks_count = tmp2;
1056         }
1057         if (optind < argc)
1058                 usage();
1059
1060         if (raid_opts)
1061                 parse_raid_opts(raid_opts);
1062
1063         /*
1064          * If there's no blocksize specified and there is a journal
1065          * device, use it to figure out the blocksize
1066          */
1067         if (blocksize == 0 && journal_device) {
1068                 ext2_filsys     jfs;
1069
1070                 retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device,
1071                                      EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
1072                                      0, unix_io_manager, &jfs);
1073                 if (retval) {
1074                         com_err(program_name, retval,
1075                                 _("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
1076                                 journal_device);
1077                         exit(1);
1078                 }
1079                 blocksize = jfs->blocksize;
1080                 param.s_log_block_size =
1081                         int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
1082                 ext2fs_close(jfs);
1083         }
1084
1085         if (blocksize > sys_page_size) {
1086                 if (!force) {
1087                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1088                                 _("%d-byte blocks too big for system (max %d)"),
1089                                 blocksize, sys_page_size);
1090                         proceed_question();
1091                 }
1092                 fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: %d-byte blocks too big for system "
1093                                   "(max %d), forced to continue\n"),
1094                         blocksize, sys_page_size);
1095         }
1096
1097         if (param.s_feature_incompat & EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1098                 if (!fs_type)
1099                         fs_type = "journal";
1100                 reserved_ratio = 0;
1101                 param.s_feature_incompat = EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV;
1102                 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
1103                 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
1104         }
1105         if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV &&
1106             (param.s_feature_compat || param.s_feature_ro_compat ||
1107              param.s_feature_incompat))
1108                 param.s_rev_level = 1;  /* Create a revision 1 filesystem */
1109
1110         if (!force)
1111                 check_plausibility(device_name);
1112         check_mount(device_name, force, _("filesystem"));
1113
1114         param.s_log_frag_size = param.s_log_block_size;
1115
1116         if (noaction && param.s_blocks_count) {
1117                 dev_size = param.s_blocks_count;
1118                 retval = 0;
1119         } else
1120                 retval = ext2fs_get_device_size(device_name,
1121                                                 EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param),
1122                                                 &dev_size);
1123         if (retval && (retval != EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED)) {
1124                 com_err(program_name, retval,
1125                         _("while trying to determine filesystem size"));
1126                 exit(1);
1127         }
1128         if (!param.s_blocks_count) {
1129                 if (retval == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
1130                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1131                                 _("Couldn't determine device size; you "
1132                                 "must specify\nthe size of the "
1133                                 "filesystem\n"));
1134                         exit(1);
1135                 } else {
1136                         if (dev_size == 0) {
1137                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
1138                                 _("Device size reported to be zero.  "
1139                                   "Invalid partition specified, or\n\t"
1140                                   "partition table wasn't reread "
1141                                   "after running fdisk, due to\n\t"
1142                                   "a modified partition being busy "
1143                                   "and in use.  You may need to reboot\n\t"
1144                                   "to re-read your partition table.\n"
1145                                   ));
1146                                 exit(1);
1147                         }
1148                         param.s_blocks_count = dev_size;
1149                 }
1150
1151         } else if (!force && (param.s_blocks_count > dev_size)) {
1152                 com_err(program_name, 0,
1153                         _("Filesystem larger than apparent filesystem size."));
1154                 proceed_question();
1155         }
1156
1157         /*
1158          * If the user asked for HAS_JOURNAL, then make sure a journal
1159          * gets created.
1160          */
1161         if ((param.s_feature_compat & EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL) &&
1162             !journal_size)
1163                 journal_size = -1;
1164
1165         set_fs_defaults(fs_type, &param, blocksize, &inode_ratio);
1166
1167         if (param.s_blocks_per_group) {
1168                 if (param.s_blocks_per_group < 256 ||
1169                     param.s_blocks_per_group > group_blk_max || *tmp) {
1170                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1171                                 _("blocks per group count out of range"));
1172                         exit(1);
1173                 }
1174         }
1175
1176         if (inode_size) {
1177                 if (inode_size < EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE ||
1178                     inode_size > EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param) ||
1179                     inode_size & (inode_size - 1)) {
1180                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1181                                 _("bad inode size %d (min %d/max %d)"),
1182                                 inode_size, EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE,
1183                                 EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param));
1184                         exit(1);
1185                 }
1186                 if (inode_size != EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE)
1187                         fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: %d-byte inodes not usable "
1188                                 "on most systems\n"),
1189                                 inode_size);
1190                 param.s_inode_size = inode_size;
1191         }
1192
1193         /*
1194          * Calculate number of inodes based on the inode ratio
1195          */
1196         param.s_inodes_count = num_inodes ? num_inodes :
1197                 ((__u64) param.s_blocks_count * EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param))
1198                         / inode_ratio;
1199
1200         /*
1201          * Calculate number of blocks to reserve
1202          */
1203         param.s_r_blocks_count = (param.s_blocks_count * reserved_ratio) / 100;
1204
1205 }
1206
1207 int main (int argc, char *argv[])
1208 {
1209         errcode_t       retval = 0;
1210         ext2_filsys     fs;
1211         badblocks_list  bb_list = 0;
1212         int             journal_blocks;
1213         int             i, val;
1214
1215 #ifdef ENABLE_NLS
1216         setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
1217         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1218         bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
1219         textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
1220 #endif
1221         PRS(argc, argv);
1222
1223         /*
1224          * Initialize the superblock....
1225          */
1226         retval = ext2fs_initialize(device_name, 0, &param,
1227                                    unix_io_manager, &fs);
1228         if (retval) {
1229                 com_err(device_name, retval, _("while setting up superblock"));
1230                 exit(1);
1231         }
1232
1233         /*
1234          * Wipe out the old on-disk superblock
1235          */
1236         if (!noaction)
1237                 zap_sector(fs, 2, 6);
1238
1239         /*
1240          * Generate a UUID for it...
1241          */
1242         uuid_generate(fs->super->s_uuid);
1243
1244         /*
1245          * Add "jitter" to the superblock's check interval so that we
1246          * don't check all the filesystems at the same time.  We use a
1247          * kludgy hack of using the UUID to derive a random jitter value.
1248          */
1249         for (i = 0, val = 0 ; i < sizeof(fs->super->s_uuid); i++)
1250                 val += fs->super->s_uuid[i];
1251         fs->super->s_max_mnt_count += val % EXT2_DFL_MAX_MNT_COUNT;
1252
1253         /*
1254          * Override the creator OS, if applicable
1255          */
1256         if (creator_os && !set_os(fs->super, creator_os)) {
1257                 com_err (program_name, 0, _("unknown os - %s"), creator_os);
1258                 exit(1);
1259         }
1260
1261         /*
1262          * For the Hurd, we will turn off filetype since it doesn't
1263          * support it.
1264          */
1265         if (fs->super->s_creator_os == EXT2_OS_HURD)
1266                 fs->super->s_feature_incompat &=
1267                         ~EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE;
1268
1269         /*
1270          * Set the volume label...
1271          */
1272         if (volume_label) {
1273                 memset(fs->super->s_volume_name, 0,
1274                        sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1275                 strncpy(fs->super->s_volume_name, volume_label,
1276                         sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1277         }
1278
1279         /*
1280          * Set the last mount directory
1281          */
1282         if (mount_dir) {
1283                 memset(fs->super->s_last_mounted, 0,
1284                        sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1285                 strncpy(fs->super->s_last_mounted, mount_dir,
1286                         sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1287         }
1288
1289         if (!quiet || noaction)
1290                 show_stats(fs);
1291
1292         if (noaction)
1293                 exit(0);
1294
1295         if (fs->super->s_feature_incompat &
1296             EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1297                 create_journal_dev(fs);
1298                 exit(ext2fs_close(fs) ? 1 : 0);
1299         }
1300
1301         if (bad_blocks_filename)
1302                 read_bb_file(fs, &bb_list, bad_blocks_filename);
1303         if (cflag)
1304                 test_disk(fs, &bb_list);
1305
1306         handle_bad_blocks(fs, bb_list);
1307         fs->stride = fs_stride;
1308         retval = ext2fs_allocate_tables(fs);
1309         if (retval) {
1310                 com_err(program_name, retval,
1311                         _("while trying to allocate filesystem tables"));
1312                 exit(1);
1313         }
1314         if (super_only) {
1315                 fs->super->s_state |= EXT2_ERROR_FS;
1316                 fs->flags &= ~(EXT2_FLAG_IB_DIRTY|EXT2_FLAG_BB_DIRTY);
1317         } else {
1318                 /* rsv must be a power of two (64kB is MD RAID sb alignment) */
1319                 int rsv = 65536 / fs->blocksize;
1320                 unsigned long blocks = fs->super->s_blocks_count;
1321                 unsigned long start;
1322                 blk_t ret_blk;
1323
1324 #ifdef ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
1325                 zap_sector(fs, 0, 2);
1326 #endif
1327
1328                 /*
1329                  * Wipe out any old MD RAID (or other) metadata at the end
1330                  * of the device.  This will also verify that the device is
1331                  * as large as we think.  Be careful with very small devices.
1332                  */
1333                 start = (blocks & ~(rsv - 1));
1334                 if (start > rsv)
1335                         start -= rsv;
1336                 if (start > 0)
1337                         retval = zero_blocks(fs, start, blocks - start,
1338                                              NULL, &ret_blk, NULL);
1339
1340                 if (retval) {
1341                         com_err(program_name, retval,
1342                                 _("zeroing block %u at end of filesystem"),
1343                                 ret_blk);
1344                         exit(1);
1345                 }
1346                 write_inode_tables(fs);
1347                 create_root_dir(fs);
1348                 create_lost_and_found(fs);
1349                 reserve_inodes(fs);
1350                 create_bad_block_inode(fs, bb_list);
1351         }
1352
1353         if (journal_device) {
1354                 ext2_filsys     jfs;
1355
1356                 if (!force)
1357                         check_plausibility(journal_device);
1358                 check_mount(journal_device, force, _("journal"));
1359
1360                 retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device, EXT2_FLAG_RW|
1361                                      EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
1362                                      fs->blocksize, unix_io_manager, &jfs);
1363                 if (retval) {
1364                         com_err(program_name, retval,
1365                                 _("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
1366                                 journal_device);
1367                         exit(1);
1368                 }
1369                 if (!quiet) {
1370                         printf(_("Adding journal to device %s: "),
1371                                journal_device);
1372                         fflush(stdout);
1373                 }
1374                 retval = ext2fs_add_journal_device(fs, jfs);
1375                 if(retval) {
1376                         com_err (program_name, retval,
1377                                  _("\n\twhile trying to add journal to device %s"),
1378                                  journal_device);
1379                         exit(1);
1380                 }
1381                 if (!quiet)
1382                         printf(_("done\n"));
1383                 ext2fs_close(jfs);
1384                 free(journal_device);
1385         } else if (journal_size) {
1386                 journal_blocks = figure_journal_size(journal_size, fs);
1387
1388                 if (!journal_blocks) {
1389                         fs->super->s_feature_compat &=
1390                                 ~EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
1391                         goto no_journal;
1392                 }
1393                 if (!quiet) {
1394                         printf(_("Creating journal (%d blocks): "),
1395                                journal_blocks);
1396                         fflush(stdout);
1397                 }
1398                 retval = ext2fs_add_journal_inode(fs, journal_blocks,
1399                                                   journal_flags);
1400                 if (retval) {
1401                         com_err (program_name, retval,
1402                                  _("\n\twhile trying to create journal"));
1403                         exit(1);
1404                 }
1405                 if (!quiet)
1406                         printf(_("done\n"));
1407         }
1408 no_journal:
1409
1410         if (!quiet)
1411                 printf(_("Writing superblocks and "
1412                        "filesystem accounting information: "));
1413         retval = ext2fs_flush(fs);
1414         if (retval) {
1415                 fprintf(stderr,
1416                         _("\nWarning, had trouble writing out superblocks."));
1417         }
1418         if (!quiet) {
1419                 printf(_("done\n\n"));
1420                 print_check_message(fs);
1421         }
1422         val = ext2fs_close(fs);
1423         return (retval || val) ? 1 : 0;
1424 }