lustre/tests/mpi/mdsrate.c

   1 /* -*- mode: c; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
   2  * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=8:tabstop=8:
   3  *
   4  * 2003, Copyright, Hewlett-Packard Development Compnay, LP.
   5  *
   6  * Developed under the sponsorship of the U.S. Government
   7  *     under Subcontract No. B514193
   8  */
   9
  10 /*
  11  * Copyright (c) 2008, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  12  * Use is subject to license terms.
  13  */
  14
  15 #include <stdio.h>
  16 #include <getopt.h>
  17 #include <libgen.h>
  18 #include <sys/types.h>
  19 #include <sys/stat.h>
  20 #include <time.h>
  21 #include <limits.h>
  22 #include <errno.h>
  23 #include <string.h>
  24 #include <fcntl.h>
  25 #include <unistd.h>
  26 #include <stdlib.h>
  27 #include <stdarg.h>
  28 #include <signal.h>
  29 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  30 #include <dirent.h>
  31
  32 #include "mpi.h"
  33
  34 /* lustre */
  35 #include <liblustre.h>
  36 #include <lustre/liblustreapi.h>        /* for O_LOV_DELAY_CREATE */
  37
  38 #define CHECK_COUNT 10000
  39 #define DISPLAY_COUNT (CHECK_COUNT * 10)
  40 #define DISPLAY_TIME 100
  41
  42 enum {
  43         CREATE   = 'c',
  44         LOOKUP   = 'l',
  45         MKNOD    = 'm',
  46         OPEN     = 'o',
  47         STAT     = 's',
  48         UNLINK   = 'u',
  49         BEGIN    = 'b',
  50         ITERS    = 'i',
  51         TIME     = 't',
  52         DIRFMT   = 'd',
  53         NDIRS    = 'D',
  54         FILEFMT  = 'f',
  55         NFILES   = 'F',
  56         NOEXCL   = 'X',
  57         STRIPES  = 'S',
  58         SEED     = 'r',
  59         SEEDFILE = 'R',
  60         RANDOM   = 'A',
  61         READDIR  = 'B',
  62         RECREATE = 'C',
  63         IGNORE   = 'E',
  64         VERBOSE  = 'V',
  65         DEBUG    = 'v',
  66         HELP     = 'h',
  67 };
  68
  69 struct option longOpts[] = {
  70         {"create",        0, NULL, CREATE     },
  71         {"lookup",        0, NULL, LOOKUP     },
  72         {"mknod",         0, NULL, MKNOD      },
  73         {"open",          0, NULL, OPEN       },
  74         {"stat",          0, NULL, STAT       },
  75         {"unlink",        0, NULL, UNLINK     },
  76         {"begin",         1, NULL, BEGIN      },
  77         {"iters",         1, NULL, ITERS      },
  78         {"time",          1, NULL, TIME       },   /* seconds */
  79         {"dirfmt",        1, NULL, DIRFMT     },
  80         {"ndirs",         1, NULL, NDIRS      },
  81         {"filefmt",       1, NULL, FILEFMT    },
  82         {"nfiles",        1, NULL, NFILES     },
  83         {"noexcl",        0, NULL, NOEXCL     },
  84         {"stripes",       1, NULL, STRIPES    },
  85         {"seed",          1, NULL, SEED       },
  86         {"seedfile",      1, NULL, SEEDFILE   },
  87         {"random_order",  0, NULL, RANDOM     },
  88         {"readdir_order", 0, NULL, READDIR    },
  89         {"recreate",      0, NULL, RECREATE   },
  90         {"ignore",        0, NULL, IGNORE     },
  91         {"verbose",       0, NULL, VERBOSE    },
  92         {"debug",         0, NULL, DEBUG      },
  93         {"help",          0, NULL, HELP       },
  94         { 0,              0, NULL, 0          }
  95 };
  96
  97 int foo1, foo2;
  98
  99 char   shortOpts[128];
 100 int    myrank = -1;
 101 int    nthreads = -1;
 102 char * prog;
 103 char   hostname[512] = "unknown";
 104 char   mode;
 105 char * cmd;
 106 int    openflags = O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL;
 107 int    ndirs = 1;
 108 char * dirfmt;
 109 char   dir[PATH_MAX];
 110 char   mkdir_cmd[PATH_MAX+14];
 111 int    dirthreads;
 112 int    dirnum;
 113 DIR *  directory;
 114 struct dirent *dir_entry;
 115 int    nfiles;
 116 char   filefmt[PATH_MAX];
 117 char   filename[PATH_MAX];
 118 int    stripes = -1;
 119 int    begin;
 120 int    beginsave;
 121 int    end;
 122 int    iters;
 123 int    seconds;
 124 int    alarm_caught;
 125 struct sigaction act;
 126 int    order = RANDOM;
 127 int    seed;
 128 int    recreate;
 129 int    ignore;
 130 int    verbose;
 131 int    debug;
 132 struct stat statbuf;
 133
 134 #define dmesg if (debug) printf
 135
 136 #define DISPLAY_PROGRESS() {                                                \
 137         if (verbose && (nops % CHECK_COUNT == 0)) {                         \
 138                 curTime = MPI_Wtime();                                      \
 139                 interval = curTime - lastTime;                              \
 140                 if (interval > DISPLAY_TIME || nops % DISPLAY_COUNT == 0) { \
 141                         rate = (double)(nops - lastOps)/interval;           \
 142                         printf("Rank %d: %.2f %ss/sec %.2f secs "           \
 143                                "(total: %d %ss %.2f secs)\n",               \
 144                                myrank, rate, cmd, interval,                 \
 145                                nops, cmd, curTime - startTime);             \
 146                         lastOps = nops;                                     \
 147                         lastTime = curTime;                                 \
 148                 }                                                           \
 149         }                                                                   \
 150 }
 151
 152 char *usage_msg = "usage: %s\n"
 153                   "    { --create [ --noexcl ] | --lookup | --mknod |\n"
 154                   "      --open | --stat | --unlink  [ --recreate ] [ --ignore ] }\n"
 155                   "    [ --help ] [ --verbose ] [ --debug ]\n"
 156                   "    { [ --begin <num> ] --nfiles <num> }\n"
 157                   "    [ --iters <num> ] [ --time <secs> ]\n"
 158                   "    [ --dirfmt <str> ] [ --ndirs  <num> ]\n"
 159                   "    [ --filefmt <str> ] [ --stripes <num> ]\n"
 160                   "    [ --random_order [--seed <num> | --seedfile <file>] ]\n"
 161                   "    [ --readdir_order ]\n";
 162
 163 static void
 164 usage(FILE *stream, char *fmt, ...)
 165 {
 166         if (myrank == 0) {
 167                 if (fmt != NULL) {
 168                         va_list       ap;
 169
 170                         fprintf(stream, "%s: ", prog);
 171                         va_start(ap, fmt);
 172                         vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
 173                         va_end(ap);
 174                 }
 175                 fprintf(stream, usage_msg, prog);
 176         }
 177
 178         MPI_Finalize();
 179         exit(stream == stderr);
 180 }
 181
 182 /* Print process myrank and message, and exit (i.e. a fatal error) */
 183 static int
 184 fatal(int rank, const char *fmt, ...)
 185 {
 186         if (rank == myrank) {
 187                 va_list       ap;
 188
 189                 fprintf(stderr, "rank %d: ", rank);
 190                 va_start(ap, fmt);
 191                 vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
 192                 va_end(ap);
 193         }
 194
 195         MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
 196         exit(1);
 197 }
 198
 199 static void
 200 sigalrm_handler(int signum)
 201 {
 202         alarm_caught++;
 203 }
 204
 205 /* HAVE_LLAPI_FILE_LOOKUP is defined by liblustreapi.h if this function is
 206  * defined therein.  Otherwise we can do the equivalent operation via ioctl
 207  * if we have access to a complete lustre build tree to get the various
 208  * definitions - then compile with USE_MDC_LOOKUP defined. */
 209 #if defined(HAVE_LLAPI_FILE_LOOKUP)
 210 #define HAVE_MDC_LOOKUP
 211 #elif defined(USE_MDC_LOOKUP)
 212 #include <config.h>
 213 #include <liblustre.h>
 214 #include <linux/lustre_lib.h>
 215
 216 int llapi_file_lookup(int dirfd, const char *name)
 217 {
 218         struct obd_ioctl_data data = { 0 };
 219         char rawbuf[8192];
 220         char *buf = rawbuf;
 221         int rc;
 222
 223         if (dirfd < 0 || name == NULL)
 224                 return -EINVAL;
 225
 226         data.ioc_version = OBD_IOCTL_VERSION;
 227         data.ioc_len = sizeof(data);
 228         data.ioc_inlbuf1 = name;
 229         data.ioc_inllen1 = strlen(name) + 1;
 230
 231         rc = obd_ioctl_pack(&data, &buf, sizeof(rawbuf));
 232         if (rc) {
 233                 fatal(myrank, "ioctl_pack failed: rc = %d\n", rc);
 234                 return rc;
 235         }
 236
 237         return ioctl(fd, IOC_MDC_LOOKUP, buf);
 238 }
 239 #define HAVE_MDC_LOOKUP
 240 #endif
 241
 242 static void
 243 process_args(int argc, char *argv[])
 244 {
 245         char   *cp, *endptr;
 246         int    i, index, offset, tmpend, rc;
 247         char   tmp[16];
 248         FILE * seed_file;
 249         struct option *opt;
 250
 251         setbuf(stdout, 0);
 252         setbuf(stderr, 0);
 253         prog = basename(argv[0]);
 254         strcpy(filefmt, "f%d");
 255         gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname));
 256
 257         /* auto create shortOpts rather than maintaining a static string. */
 258         for (opt = longOpts, cp = shortOpts; opt->name != NULL; opt++, cp++) {
 259                 *cp = opt->val;
 260                 if (opt->has_arg)
 261                         *++cp = ':';
 262         }
 263
 264         while ((rc = getopt_long(argc,argv, shortOpts, longOpts,&index)) != -1) {
 265                 switch (rc) {
 266                 case OPEN:
 267                         openflags &= ~(O_CREAT|O_EXCL);
 268                 case CREATE:
 269 #ifdef HAVE_MDC_LOOKUP
 270                 case LOOKUP:
 271 #endif
 272                 case MKNOD:
 273                 case STAT:
 274                 case UNLINK:
 275                         if (cmd != NULL) {
 276                                 fatal(0, "Invalid - more than one operation "
 277                                            "specified: --%s\n",
 278                                         longOpts[index].name);
 279                         }
 280                         mode = rc;
 281                         cmd = (char *)longOpts[index].name;
 282                         break;
 283                 case NOEXCL:
 284                         if (mode != CREATE && mode != MKNOD) {
 285                                 usage(stderr, "--noexcl only applies to "
 286                                               "--create or --mknod.\n");
 287                         }
 288                         openflags &= ~O_EXCL;
 289                         break;
 290                 case RECREATE:
 291                         if (mode != UNLINK) {
 292                                 usage(stderr, "--recreate only makes sense"
 293                                               "with --unlink.\n");
 294                         }
 295                         recreate++;
 296                         break;
 297                 case BEGIN:
 298                         begin = strtol(optarg, &endptr, 0);
 299                         if ((*endptr != 0) || (begin < 0)) {
 300                                 fatal(0, "Invalid --start value.\n");
 301                         }
 302                         break;
 303                 case ITERS:
 304                         iters = strtol(optarg, &endptr, 0);
 305                         if ((*endptr != 0) || (iters <= 0)) {
 306                                 fatal(0, "Invalid --iters value.\n");
 307                         }
 308                         if (mode != LOOKUP && mode != OPEN) {
 309                                 usage(stderr, "--iters only makes sense with "
 310                                               "--lookup or --open.\n");
 311                         }
 312                         break;
 313                 case TIME:
 314                         seconds = strtol(optarg, &endptr, 0);
 315                         if ((*endptr != 0) || (seconds <= 0)) {
 316                                 fatal(0, "Invalid --time value.\n");
 317                         }
 318                         break;
 319                 case DIRFMT:
 320                         if (strlen(optarg) > (PATH_MAX - 16)) {
 321                                 fatal(0, "--dirfmt too long\n");
 322                         }
 323                         dirfmt = optarg;
 324                         break;
 325                 case NDIRS:
 326                         ndirs = strtol(optarg, &endptr, 0);
 327                         if ((*endptr != 0) || (ndirs <= 0)) {
 328                                 fatal(0, "Invalid --ndirs value.\n");
 329                         }
 330                         if ((ndirs > nthreads) &&
 331                             ((mode == CREATE) || (mode == MKNOD))) {
 332                                 fatal(0, "--ndirs=%d must be less than or "
 333                                       "equal to the number of threads (%d).\n",
 334                                       ndirs, nthreads);
 335                         }
 336                         break;
 337                 case FILEFMT:
 338                         if (strlen(optarg) > 4080) {
 339                                 fatal(0, "--filefmt too long\n");
 340                         }
 341
 342                         /* Use %%d where you want the file # in the name. */
 343                         sprintf(filefmt, optarg, myrank);
 344                         break;
 345                 case NFILES:
 346                         nfiles = strtol(optarg, &endptr, 0);
 347                         if ((*endptr != 0) || (nfiles <= 0)) {
 348                                 fatal(0, "Invalid --nfiles value.\n");
 349                         }
 350                         break;
 351                 case STRIPES:
 352                         stripes = strtol(optarg, &endptr, 0);
 353                         if ((*endptr != 0) || (stripes < 0)) {
 354                                 fatal(0, "Invalid --stripes value.\n");
 355                         }
 356
 357                         if (stripes == 0) {
 358                                 openflags |= O_LOV_DELAY_CREATE;
 359                         } else {
 360                                 fatal(0, "non-zero --stripes value "
 361                                          "not yet supported.\n");
 362                         }
 363
 364                         break;
 365                 case SEED:
 366                         seed = strtoul(optarg, &endptr, 0);
 367                         if (*endptr) {
 368                                 fatal(0, "bad --seed option %s\n", optarg);
 369                         }
 370                         break;
 371                 case SEEDFILE:
 372                         seed_file = fopen(optarg, "r");
 373                         if (!seed_file) {
 374                               fatal(myrank, "fopen(%s) error: %s\n",
 375                                       optarg, strerror(errno));
 376                         }
 377
 378                         for (i = -1; fgets(tmp, 16, seed_file) != NULL;) {
 379                                 if (++i == myrank)
 380                                         break;
 381                         }
 382
 383                         if (i == myrank) {
 384                                 rc = sscanf(tmp, "%d", &seed);
 385                                 if ((rc != 1) || (seed < 0)) {
 386                                         fatal(myrank, "Invalid seed value '%s' "
 387                                               "at line %d in %s.\n",
 388                                               tmp, i, optarg);
 389                                 }
 390                         } else {
 391                                 fatal(myrank, "File '%s' too short. Does not "
 392                                       "contain a seed for thread %d.\n",
 393                                       optarg, myrank);
 394                         }
 395
 396                         fclose(seed_file);
 397                         break;
 398                 case RANDOM:
 399                 case READDIR:
 400                         if (mode != LOOKUP && mode != OPEN)  {
 401                                 fatal(0, "--%s can only be specified with "
 402                                          "--lookup, or --open.\n",
 403                                       (char *)longOpts[index].name);
 404                         }
 405                         order = rc;
 406                         break;
 407                 case IGNORE:
 408                         ++ignore;
 409                         break;
 410                 case DEBUG:
 411                         ++debug;
 412                 case VERBOSE:
 413                         ++verbose;
 414                         break;
 415                 case HELP:
 416                         usage(stdout, NULL);
 417                 default:
 418                         usage(stderr, "unrecognized option: '%c'.\n", optopt);
 419                 }
 420         }
 421
 422         if (optind < argc) {
 423                 usage(stderr, "too many arguments %d >= %d.\n", optind, argc);
 424         }
 425
 426         if (mode == CREATE || mode == MKNOD || mode == UNLINK || mode == STAT) {
 427                 if (seconds != 0) {
 428                         if (nfiles == 0)
 429                                 nfiles = INT_MAX;
 430                 } else if (nfiles == 0) {
 431                         usage(stderr, "--nfiles or --time must be specified "
 432                                       "with %s.\n", cmd);
 433                 }
 434         } else if (mode == LOOKUP || mode == OPEN) {
 435                 if (seconds != 0) {
 436                         if (iters == 0)
 437                                 iters = INT_MAX;
 438                 } else if (iters == 0) {
 439                         usage(stderr, "--iters or --time must be specifed "
 440                                       "with %s.\n", cmd);
 441                 }
 442
 443                 if (nfiles == 0) {
 444                         usage(stderr, "--nfiles must be specifed with --%s.\n",
 445                               cmd);
 446                 }
 447
 448                 if (seed == 0) {
 449                         int fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
 450
 451                         if (fd >= 0) {
 452                                 if (read(fd, &seed, sizeof(seed)) <
 453                                     sizeof(seed))
 454                                         seed = time(0);
 455                                 close(fd);
 456                         } else {
 457                                 seed = time(0);
 458                         }
 459                 }
 460
 461                 srand(seed);
 462
 463                 dmesg("%s: rank %d seed %d (%s).\n", prog, myrank, seed,
 464                       (order == RANDOM) ? "random_order" : "readdir_order");
 465         } else {
 466                 usage(stderr, "one --create, --mknod, --open, --stat,"
 467 #ifdef HAVE_MDC_LOOKUP
 468                       " --lookup,"
 469 #endif
 470                       " or --unlink must be specifed.");
 471         }
 472
 473         /* support for multiple threads in a dir, set begin/end appropriately.*/
 474         dirnum = myrank % ndirs;
 475         dirthreads = nthreads / ndirs;
 476         if (nthreads > (ndirs * dirthreads + dirnum))
 477                 ++dirthreads;
 478
 479         offset = myrank / ndirs;
 480
 481         tmpend = begin + nfiles - 1;
 482         if (tmpend <= 0)
 483                 tmpend = INT_MAX;
 484
 485         end = begin + (nfiles / dirthreads) * dirthreads + offset;
 486         if ((end > tmpend) || (end <= 0))
 487                 end -= dirthreads;
 488
 489         begin += offset;
 490         if (begin < 0)
 491                 begin = INT_MAX;
 492
 493         beginsave = begin;
 494
 495         dmesg("%d: iters %d nfiles %d time %d begin %d end %d dirthreads %d."
 496               "\n", myrank, iters, nfiles, seconds, begin, end, dirthreads);
 497
 498         if (dirfmt == NULL) {
 499                 strcpy(dir, ".");
 500         } else {
 501                 sprintf(dir, dirfmt, dirnum);
 502
 503                 sprintf(mkdir_cmd, "/bin/mkdir -p %s", dir);
 504                 #ifdef _LIGHTWEIGHT_KERNEL
 505                         printf("NOTICE: not running system(%s)\n", mkdir_cmd);
 506                 #else
 507                         rc = system(mkdir_cmd);
 508                         if (rc) {
 509                                 fatal(myrank, "'%s' failed.\n", mkdir_cmd);
 510                         }
 511                 #endif
 512
 513                 rc = chdir(dir);
 514                 if (rc) {
 515                         fatal(myrank, "unable to chdir to '%s'.\n", dir);
 516                 }
 517         }
 518 }
 519
 520 static inline char *next_file()
 521 {
 522         if (order == RANDOM) {
 523                 sprintf(filename, filefmt, random() % nfiles);
 524                 return(filename);
 525         }
 526
 527         /* readdir order */
 528
 529         dir_entry = readdir(directory);
 530         if (dir_entry == NULL) {
 531                 rewinddir(directory);
 532                 while ((dir_entry = readdir(directory)) != NULL) {
 533                         if (dir_entry->d_name[0] != '.')
 534                                 return(dir_entry->d_name);
 535                 }
 536
 537                 fatal(myrank, "unable to read directory %s (%s).\n",
 538                       dir, strerror(errno));
 539         }
 540
 541         return(dir_entry->d_name);
 542 }
 543
 544 int
 545 main(int argc, char *argv[])
 546 {
 547         int    i, j, fd, rc, nops, lastOps;
 548         int ag_ops = 0;
 549         double ag_interval = 0;
 550         double ag_rate = 0;
 551         double rate, avg_rate, effective_rate;
 552         double startTime, curTime, lastTime, interval;
 553         time_t timestamp;
 554         char * file;
 555
 556         rc = MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);
 557         if (rc != MPI_SUCCESS)
 558                 fatal(myrank, "MPI_Init failed: %d\n", rc);
 559
 560         rc = MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &nthreads);
 561         if (rc != MPI_SUCCESS)
 562                 fatal(myrank, "MPI_Comm_size failed: %d\n", rc);
 563
 564         rc = MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &myrank);
 565         if (rc != MPI_SUCCESS)
 566                 fatal(myrank, "MPI_Comm_rank failed: %d\n", rc);
 567
 568         process_args(argc, argv);
 569
 570         timestamp = time(0);
 571         if ((myrank == 0) || debug) {
 572                 printf("%d: %s starting at %s",
 573                        myrank, hostname, ctime(&timestamp));
 574         }
 575
 576         /* if we're not measuring creation rates then precreate
 577          * the files we're operating on. */
 578         if ((mode != CREATE) && (mode != MKNOD) && !ignore) {
 579                 /* create the files in reverse order. When we encounter
 580                  * a file that already exists, assume the remainder of
 581                  * the files exist to save time. The timed performance
 582                  * test scripts make use of this behavior. */
 583                 for (i = end, j = 0; i >= begin; i -= dirthreads) {
 584                         sprintf(filename, filefmt, i);
 585                         fd = open(filename, openflags, 0644);
 586                         if (fd < 0) {
 587                                 if (errno == EEXIST)
 588                                         break;
 589                                 rc = errno;
 590                                 fatal(myrank, "precreate open(%s) error: %s\n",
 591                                       filename, strerror(rc));
 592                         }
 593                         j++;
 594                         close(fd);
 595                 }
 596                 dmesg("%d: %s pre-created %d files.\n",myrank,hostname,j);
 597
 598                 rc = MPI_Barrier(MPI_COMM_WORLD);
 599                 if (rc != MPI_SUCCESS)
 600                         fatal(myrank, "prep MPI_Barrier failed: %d\n", rc);
 601         }
 602
 603         if (order == READDIR) {
 604                 directory = opendir(dir);
 605                 if (directory == NULL) {
 606                         rc = errno;
 607                         fatal(myrank, "opendir(%s) error: %s\n",
 608                               dir, strerror(rc));
 609                 }
 610
 611                 timestamp = time(0);
 612                 j = random() % nfiles;
 613                 dmesg("%d: %s initializing dir offset %u: %s",
 614                       myrank, hostname, j, ctime(&timestamp));
 615
 616                 for (i = 0; i <= j; i++) {
 617                         if ((dir_entry = readdir(directory)) == NULL) {
 618                                 fatal(myrank, "could not read entry number %d "
 619                                       "in directory %s.\n", i, dir);
 620                         }
 621                 }
 622
 623                 timestamp = time(0);
 624                 dmesg("%d: index %d, filename %s, offset %ld: "
 625                       "%s initialization complete: %s",
 626                       myrank, i, dir_entry->d_name, telldir(directory),
 627                       hostname, ctime(&timestamp));
 628         }
 629
 630         if (seconds) {
 631                 act.sa_handler = sigalrm_handler;
 632                 (void)sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
 633                 act.sa_flags = 0;
 634                 sigaction(SIGALRM, &act, NULL);
 635                 alarm(seconds);
 636         }
 637
 638         rc = MPI_Barrier(MPI_COMM_WORLD);
 639         if (rc != MPI_SUCCESS)
 640                 fatal(myrank, "prep MPI_Barrier failed: %d\n", rc);
 641
 642         startTime = lastTime = MPI_Wtime();
 643         nops = lastOps = 0;
 644
 645         switch (mode) {
 646         case CREATE:
 647                 for (; begin <= end && !alarm_caught; begin += dirthreads) {
 648                         sprintf(filename, filefmt, begin);
 649                         if ((fd = open(filename, openflags, 0644)) < 0) {
 650                                 if (((rc = errno) == EINTR) && alarm_caught)
 651                                         break;
 652                                 fatal(myrank, "open(%s) error: %s\n",
 653                                       filename, strerror(rc));
 654                         }
 655
 656                         close(fd);
 657                         nops++;
 658                         DISPLAY_PROGRESS();
 659                 }
 660
 661                 dmesg("%d: created %d files, last file '%s'.\n",
 662                       myrank, nops, filename);
 663                 break;
 664 #ifdef HAVE_MDC_LOOKUP
 665         case LOOKUP:
 666                 fd = open(dir, O_RDONLY);
 667                 if (fd < 0) {
 668                         fatal(myrank, "open(dir == '%s') error: %s\n",
 669                               dir, strerror(errno));
 670                 }
 671
 672                 for (; nops < iters && !alarm_caught;) {
 673                         char *filename = next_file();
 674                         rc = llapi_file_lookup(fd, filename);
 675                         if (rc < 0) {
 676                                 if (((rc = errno) == EINTR) && alarm_caught)
 677                                         break;
 678                                 fatal(myrank, "llapi_file_lookup(%s) "
 679                                       "error: %s\n", filename, strerror(rc));
 680                         }
 681
 682                         nops++;
 683                         DISPLAY_PROGRESS();
 684                 }
 685                 break;
 686 #endif
 687         case MKNOD:
 688                 for (; begin <= end && !alarm_caught; begin += dirthreads) {
 689                         sprintf(filename, filefmt, begin);
 690                         rc = mknod(filename, S_IFREG| 0644, 0);
 691                         if (rc) {
 692                                 if (((rc = errno) == EINTR) && alarm_caught)
 693                                         break;
 694                                 fatal(myrank, "mknod(%s) error: %s\n",
 695                                       filename, strerror(rc));
 696                         }
 697
 698                         nops++;
 699                         DISPLAY_PROGRESS();
 700                 }
 701                 break;
 702         case OPEN:
 703                 for (; nops < iters && !alarm_caught;) {
 704                         file = next_file();
 705                         if ((fd = open(file, openflags, 0644)) < 0) {
 706                                 if (((rc = errno) == EINTR) && alarm_caught)
 707                                         break;
 708                                 fatal(myrank, "open(%s) error: %s\n",
 709                                       file, strerror(rc));
 710                         }
 711
 712                         close(fd);
 713
 714                         nops++;
 715                         DISPLAY_PROGRESS();
 716                 }
 717                 break;
 718         case STAT:
 719                 for (; begin <= end && !alarm_caught; begin += dirthreads) {
 720                         sprintf(filename, filefmt, begin);
 721                         rc = stat(filename, &statbuf);
 722                         if (rc) {
 723                                 if (((rc = errno) == EINTR) && alarm_caught)
 724                                         break;
 725                                 if (((rc = errno) == ENOENT) && ignore)
 726                                         continue;
 727                                 fatal(myrank, "stat(%s) error: %s\n",
 728                                       filename, strerror(rc));
 729                         }
 730
 731                         nops++;
 732                         DISPLAY_PROGRESS();
 733                 }
 734                 break;
 735         case UNLINK:
 736                 for (; begin <= end && !alarm_caught; begin += dirthreads) {
 737                         sprintf(filename, filefmt, begin);
 738                         rc = unlink(filename);
 739                         if (rc) {
 740                                 if (((rc = errno) == EINTR) && alarm_caught)
 741                                         break;
 742                                 if (((rc = errno) == ENOENT) && ignore)
 743                                         continue;
 744                                 fatal(myrank, "unlink(%s) error: %s\n",
 745                                       filename, strerror(rc));
 746                         }
 747
 748                         nops++;
 749                         DISPLAY_PROGRESS();
 750                 }
 751                 break;
 752         }
 753
 754         rc = MPI_Barrier(MPI_COMM_WORLD);
 755         if (rc != MPI_SUCCESS)
 756                fatal(myrank, "prep MPI_Barrier failed: %d\n", rc);
 757         curTime = MPI_Wtime();
 758         interval = curTime - startTime;
 759         rate = (double) (nops) / interval;
 760
 761         rc = MPI_Reduce(&nops, &ag_ops, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, 0,
 762                         MPI_COMM_WORLD);
 763         if (rc != MPI_SUCCESS) {
 764                 fatal(myrank, "Failure in MPI_Reduce of total ops.\n");
 765         }
 766
 767         rc = MPI_Reduce(&interval, &ag_interval, 1, MPI_DOUBLE, MPI_SUM, 0,
 768                         MPI_COMM_WORLD);
 769         if (rc != MPI_SUCCESS) {
 770                 fatal(myrank, "Failure in MPI_Reduce of total interval.\n");
 771         }
 772
 773         rc = MPI_Reduce(&rate, &ag_rate, 1, MPI_DOUBLE, MPI_SUM, 0,
 774                         MPI_COMM_WORLD);
 775         if (rc != MPI_SUCCESS) {
 776                 fatal(myrank, "Failure in MPI_Reduce of aggregated rate.\n");
 777         }
 778
 779         if (myrank == 0) {
 780
 781                 curTime = MPI_Wtime();
 782                 interval = curTime - startTime;
 783                 effective_rate = (double) ag_ops / interval;
 784                 avg_rate = (double) ag_ops / ag_interval;
 785
 786                 printf("Rate: %.2f eff %.2f aggr %.2f avg client %ss/sec "
 787                        "(total: %d threads %d %ss %d dirs %d threads/dir %.2f secs)\n",
 788                        effective_rate, ag_rate, avg_rate, cmd, nthreads, ag_ops,
 789                        cmd, ndirs, dirthreads, interval);
 790         }
 791
 792         if (recreate) {
 793                 for (begin = beginsave; begin <= end; begin += dirthreads) {
 794                         sprintf(filename, filefmt, begin);
 795                         if ((fd = open(filename, openflags, 0644)) < 0) {
 796                                 rc = errno;
 797                                 if (rc == EEXIST)
 798                                         break;
 799                                 fatal(myrank, "recreate open(%s) error: %s\n",
 800                                       filename, strerror(rc));
 801                         }
 802
 803                         close(fd);
 804                 }
 805         }
 806
 807         timestamp = time(0);
 808         if ((myrank == 0) || debug) {
 809                 printf("%d: %s finished at %s",
 810                        myrank, hostname, ctime(&timestamp));
 811         }
 812
 813         MPI_Finalize();
 814         return(0);
 815 }