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e2fsck: map PROMPT_* values to prompt messages
[tools/e2fsprogs.git] / misc / badblocks.c
index e0a5b73..afeb3da 100644 (file)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  *
  * This file is based on the minix file system programs fsck and mkfs
  * written and copyrighted by Linus Torvalds <Linus.Torvalds@cs.helsinki.fi>
- * 
+ *
  * %Begin-Header%
  * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
  * License.
  * 99/06/30...99/07/26 - Added non-destructive write-testing,
  *                       configurable blocks-at-once parameter,
  *                      loading of badblocks list to avoid testing
- *                      blocks known to be bad, multiple passes to 
+ *                      blocks known to be bad, multiple passes to
  *                      make sure that no new blocks are added to the
  *                      list.  (Work done by David Beattie)
  */
 
+#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
+#define _GNU_SOURCE /* for O_DIRECT */
+#endif
+
+#include "config.h"
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
@@ -43,57 +48,119 @@ extern int optind;
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <setjmp.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#ifdef HAVE_MBSTOWCS
+#include <wchar.h>
+#endif
 
+#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
-#if HAVE_LINUX_FS_H
-#include <linux/fd.h>
-#endif
-
 #include "et/com_err.h"
 #include "ext2fs/ext2_io.h"
-#include <linux/ext2_fs.h>
+#include "ext2fs/ext2_fs.h"
 #include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
-#include "nls-enable.h"
+#include "support/nls-enable.h"
 
-const char * program_name = "badblocks";
-const char * done_string = N_("done                        \n");
+#ifndef O_LARGEFILE
+#define O_LARGEFILE 0
+#endif
 
-static int v_flag = 0;                 /* verbose */
-static int w_flag = 0;                 /* do r/w test: 0=no, 1=yes,
-                                        * 2=non-destructive */
-static int s_flag = 0;                 /* show progress of test */
+/* Maximum number of bad blocks we support */
+#define MAX_BAD_BLOCKS (INT_MAX/2)
 
-static char *blkbuf;           /* Allocation array for bad block testing */
+static const char * program_name = "badblocks";
+static const char * done_string = N_("done                                                 \n");
 
+static int v_flag;                     /* verbose */
+static int w_flag;                     /* do r/w test: 0=no, 1=yes,
+                                        * 2=non-destructive */
+static int s_flag;                     /* show progress of test */
+static int force;                      /* force check of mounted device */
+static int t_flag;                     /* number of test patterns */
+static int t_max;                      /* allocated test patterns */
+static unsigned int *t_patts;          /* test patterns */
+static int use_buffered_io;
+static int exclusive_ok;
+static unsigned int max_bb = MAX_BAD_BLOCKS;   /* Abort test if more than this
+                                                * number of bad blocks has been
+                                                * encountered */
+static unsigned int d_flag;            /* delay factor between reads */
+static struct timeval time_start;
+
+#define T_INC 32
+
+static unsigned int sys_page_size = 4096;
 
 static void usage(void)
 {
-       fprintf(stderr, _("Usage: %s [-b block_size] [-i input_file] [-o output_file] [-svwn]\n [-c blocks_at_once] [-p num_passes] device blocks_count [start_count]\n"),
+       fprintf(stderr, _(
+"Usage: %s [-b block_size] [-i input_file] [-o output_file] [-svwnfBX]\n"
+"       [-c blocks_at_once] [-d delay_factor_between_reads] [-e max_bad_blocks]\n"
+"       [-p num_passes] [-t test_pattern [-t test_pattern [...]]]\n"
+"       device [last_block [first_block]]\n"),
                 program_name);
        exit (1);
 }
 
-static unsigned long currently_testing = 0;
-static unsigned long num_blocks = 0;
+static void exclusive_usage(void)
+{
+       fprintf(stderr,
+               _("%s: The -n and -w options are mutually exclusive.\n\n"),
+               program_name);
+       exit(1);
+}
+
+static blk_t currently_testing = 0;
+static blk_t num_blocks = 0;
+static blk_t num_read_errors = 0;
+static blk_t num_write_errors = 0;
+static blk_t num_corruption_errors = 0;
 static ext2_badblocks_list bb_list = NULL;
 static FILE *out;
 static blk_t next_bad = 0;
 static ext2_badblocks_iterate bb_iter = NULL;
 
+enum error_types { READ_ERROR, WRITE_ERROR, CORRUPTION_ERROR };
+
+static void *allocate_buffer(size_t size)
+{
+       void    *ret = 0;
+
+#ifdef HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN
+       if (posix_memalign(&ret, sys_page_size, size) != 0)
+               ret = 0;
+#else
+#ifdef HAVE_MEMALIGN
+       ret = memalign(sys_page_size, size);
+#else
+#ifdef HAVE_VALLOC
+       ret = valloc(size);
+#endif /* HAVE_VALLOC */
+#endif /* HAVE_MEMALIGN */
+#endif /* HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN */
+
+       if (!ret)
+               ret = malloc(size);
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
 /*
  * This routine reports a new bad block.  If the bad block has already
  * been seen before, then it returns 0; otherwise it returns 1.
  */
-static int bb_output (unsigned long bad)
+static int bb_output (blk_t bad, enum error_types error_type)
 {
        errcode_t errcode;
 
        if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list, bad))
                return 0;
 
-       fprintf (out, "%lu\n", bad);
+       fprintf(out, "%lu\n", (unsigned long) bad);
+       fflush(out);
 
        errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_add (bb_list, bad);
        if (errcode) {
@@ -102,42 +169,107 @@ static int bb_output (unsigned long bad)
        }
 
        /* kludge:
-          increment the iteration through the bb_list if 
+          increment the iteration through the bb_list if
           an element was just added before the current iteration
           position.  This should not cause next_bad to change. */
        if (bb_iter && bad < next_bad)
                ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
+
+       if (error_type == READ_ERROR) {
+         num_read_errors++;
+       } else if (error_type == WRITE_ERROR) {
+         num_write_errors++;
+       } else if (error_type == CORRUPTION_ERROR) {
+         num_corruption_errors++;
+       }
        return 1;
 }
 
-static void print_status (void)
+static char *time_diff_format(struct timeval *tv1,
+                             struct timeval *tv2, char *buf)
+{
+        time_t diff = (tv1->tv_sec - tv2->tv_sec);
+       int     hr,min,sec;
+
+       sec = diff % 60;
+       diff /= 60;
+       min = diff % 60;
+       hr = diff / 60;
+
+       if (hr)
+               sprintf(buf, "%d:%02d:%02d", hr, min, sec);
+       else
+               sprintf(buf, "%d:%02d", min, sec);
+       return buf;
+}
+
+static float calc_percent(unsigned long current, unsigned long total) {
+       float percent = 0.0;
+       if (total <= 0)
+               return percent;
+       if (current >= total) {
+               percent = 100.0;
+       } else {
+               percent=(100.0*(float)current/(float)total);
+       }
+       return percent;
+}
+
+static void print_status(void)
 {
-       fprintf(stderr, "%9ld/%9ld", currently_testing, num_blocks);
-       fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");
+       struct timeval time_end;
+       char diff_buf[32], line_buf[128];
+#ifdef HAVE_MBSTOWCS
+       wchar_t wline_buf[128];
+#endif
+       int len;
+
+       gettimeofday(&time_end, 0);
+       len = snprintf(line_buf, sizeof(line_buf), 
+                      _("%6.2f%% done, %s elapsed. "
+                        "(%d/%d/%d errors)"),
+                      calc_percent((unsigned long) currently_testing,
+                                   (unsigned long) num_blocks), 
+                      time_diff_format(&time_end, &time_start, diff_buf),
+                      num_read_errors,
+                      num_write_errors,
+                      num_corruption_errors);
+#ifdef HAVE_MBSTOWCS
+       mbstowcs(wline_buf, line_buf, sizeof(line_buf));
+       len = wcswidth(wline_buf, sizeof(line_buf));
+       if (len < 0)
+               len = strlen(line_buf); /* Should never happen... */
+#endif
+       fputs(line_buf, stderr);
+       memset(line_buf, '\b', len);
+       line_buf[len] = 0;
+       fputs(line_buf, stderr);        
        fflush (stderr);
 }
 
-static void alarm_intr (int alnum)
+static void alarm_intr(int alnum EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)))
 {
        signal (SIGALRM, alarm_intr);
        alarm(1);
        if (!num_blocks)
                return;
-       fprintf(stderr, "%9ld/%9ld", currently_testing, num_blocks);
-       fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");
-       fflush (stderr);
+       print_status();
 }
 
 static void *terminate_addr = NULL;
 
-static void terminate_intr (int signo)
+static void terminate_intr(int signo EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)))
 {
+       fflush(out);
+       fprintf(stderr, "\n\nInterrupted at block %llu\n", 
+               (unsigned long long) currently_testing);
+       fflush(stderr);
        if (terminate_addr)
                longjmp(terminate_addr,1);
        exit(1);
 }
 
-static void capture_terminate (jmp_buf term_addr)
+static void capture_terminate(jmp_buf term_addr)
 {
        terminate_addr = term_addr;
        signal (SIGHUP, terminate_intr);
@@ -148,7 +280,7 @@ static void capture_terminate (jmp_buf term_addr)
        signal (SIGUSR2, terminate_intr);
 }
 
-static void uncapture_terminate()
+static void uncapture_terminate(void)
 {
        terminate_addr = NULL;
        signal (SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
@@ -159,14 +291,92 @@ static void uncapture_terminate()
        signal (SIGUSR2, SIG_DFL);
 }
 
+/* Linux requires that O_DIRECT I/Os be 512-byte sector aligned */
+
+#define O_DIRECT_SIZE 512
+
+static void set_o_direct(int dev, unsigned char *buffer, size_t size,
+                        ext2_loff_t offset)
+{
+#ifdef O_DIRECT
+       static int current_O_DIRECT;    /* Current status of O_DIRECT flag */
+       int new_flag = O_DIRECT;
+       int flag;
+
+       if ((use_buffered_io != 0) ||
+           (((unsigned long) buffer & (sys_page_size - 1)) != 0) ||
+           ((size & (sys_page_size - 1)) != 0) ||
+           ((offset & (O_DIRECT_SIZE - 1)) != 0))
+               new_flag = 0;
+
+       if (new_flag != current_O_DIRECT) {
+            /* printf("%s O_DIRECT\n", new_flag ? "Setting" : "Clearing"); */
+               flag = fcntl(dev, F_GETFL);
+               if (flag > 0) {
+                       flag = (flag & ~O_DIRECT) | new_flag;
+                       if (fcntl(dev, F_SETFL, flag) < 0)
+                               perror("set_o_direct");
+               }
+               current_O_DIRECT = new_flag;
+       }
+#endif
+}
+
+
+static void pattern_fill(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned int pattern,
+                        size_t n)
+{
+       unsigned int    i, nb;
+       unsigned char   bpattern[sizeof(pattern)], *ptr;
+
+       if (pattern == (unsigned int) ~0) {
+               for (ptr = buffer; ptr < buffer + n; ptr++) {
+                       (*ptr) = random() % (1 << (8 * sizeof(char)));
+               }
+               if (s_flag | v_flag)
+                       fputs(_("Testing with random pattern: "), stderr);
+       } else {
+               bpattern[0] = 0;
+               for (i = 0; i < sizeof(bpattern); i++) {
+                       if (pattern == 0)
+                               break;
+                       bpattern[i] = pattern & 0xFF;
+                       pattern = pattern >> 8;
+               }
+               nb = i ? (i-1) : 0;
+               for (ptr = buffer, i = nb; ptr < buffer + n; ptr++) {
+                       *ptr = bpattern[i];
+                       if (i == 0)
+                               i = nb;
+                       else
+                               i--;
+               }
+               if (s_flag | v_flag) {
+                       fputs(_("Testing with pattern 0x"), stderr);
+                       for (i = 0; i <= nb; i++)
+                               fprintf(stderr, "%02x", buffer[i]);
+                       fputs(": ", stderr);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
 /*
  * Perform a read of a sequence of blocks; return the number of blocks
  *    successfully sequentially read.
  */
-static long do_read (int dev, char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
-                    unsigned long current_block)
+static int do_read (int dev, unsigned char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
+                   blk_t current_block)
 {
        long got;
+       struct timeval tv1, tv2;
+#define NANOSEC (1000000000L)
+#define MILISEC (1000L)
+
+#if 0
+       printf("do_read: block %d, try %d\n", current_block, try);
+#endif
+       set_o_direct(dev, buffer, try * block_size,
+                    ((ext2_loff_t) current_block) * block_size);
 
        if (v_flag > 1)
                print_status();
@@ -174,15 +384,55 @@ static long do_read (int dev, char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
        /* Seek to the correct loc. */
        if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size,
                         SEEK_SET) != (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size)
-               com_err (program_name, errno, _("during seek"));
+               com_err (program_name, errno, "%s", _("during seek"));
 
        /* Try the read */
+       if (d_flag)
+               gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
        got = read (dev, buffer, try * block_size);
+       if (d_flag)
+               gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
        if (got < 0)
-               got = 0;        
+               got = 0;
        if (got & 511)
                fprintf(stderr, _("Weird value (%ld) in do_read\n"), got);
        got /= block_size;
+       if (d_flag && got == try) {
+#ifdef HAVE_NANOSLEEP
+               struct timespec ts;
+               ts.tv_sec = tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec;
+               ts.tv_nsec = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) * MILISEC;
+               if (ts.tv_nsec < 0) {
+                       ts.tv_nsec += NANOSEC;
+                       ts.tv_sec -= 1;
+               }
+               /* increase/decrease the sleep time based on d_flag value */
+               ts.tv_sec = ts.tv_sec * d_flag / 100;
+               ts.tv_nsec = ts.tv_nsec * d_flag / 100;
+               if (ts.tv_nsec > NANOSEC) {
+                       ts.tv_sec += ts.tv_nsec / NANOSEC;
+                       ts.tv_nsec %= NANOSEC;
+               }
+               if (ts.tv_sec || ts.tv_nsec)
+                       nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
+#else
+#ifdef HAVE_USLEEP
+               struct timeval tv;
+               tv.tv_sec = tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec;
+               tv.tv_usec = tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec;
+               tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec * d_flag / 100;
+               tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec * d_flag / 100;
+               if (tv.tv_usec > 1000000) {
+                       tv.tv_sec += tv.tv_usec / 1000000;
+                       tv.tv_usec %= 1000000;
+               }
+               if (tv.tv_sec)
+                       sleep(tv.tv_sec);
+               if (tv.tv_usec)
+                       usleep(tv.tv_usec);
+#endif
+#endif
+       }
        return got;
 }
 
@@ -190,100 +440,112 @@ static long do_read (int dev, char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
  * Perform a write of a sequence of blocks; return the number of blocks
  *    successfully sequentially written.
  */
-static long do_write (int dev, char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
-                    unsigned long current_block)
+static int do_write(int dev, unsigned char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
+                   unsigned long current_block)
 {
        long got;
 
+#if 0
+       printf("do_write: block %lu, try %d\n", current_block, try);
+#endif
+       set_o_direct(dev, buffer, try * block_size,
+                    ((ext2_loff_t) current_block) * block_size);
+
        if (v_flag > 1)
                print_status();
 
        /* Seek to the correct loc. */
        if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size,
                         SEEK_SET) != (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size)
-               com_err (program_name, errno, _("during seek"));
+               com_err (program_name, errno, "%s", _("during seek"));
 
        /* Try the write */
        got = write (dev, buffer, try * block_size);
        if (got < 0)
-               got = 0;        
+               got = 0;
        if (got & 511)
-               fprintf (stderr,
-                        "Weird value (%ld) in do_write\n", got);
+               fprintf(stderr, "Weird value (%ld) in do_write\n", got);
        got /= block_size;
        return got;
 }
 
 static int host_dev;
 
-static void flush_bufs (int dev, int sync)
+static void flush_bufs(void)
 {
-  if (v_flag
-#if !defined (BLKFLSBUF) && !defined (FDFLUSH)
-      && sync
-#endif
-      )
-    fprintf (stderr, _("Flushing buffers\n"));
+       errcode_t       retval;
 
-#ifdef HAVE_FDATASYNC
-  if (sync && fdatasync (dev) == -1)
-    com_err (program_name, errno, _("during fdatasync"));
-#else
-  if (sync && fsync (dev) == -1)
-    com_err (program_name, errno, _("during fsync"));
-#endif
-
-#ifdef BLKFLSBUF
-  ioctl (host_dev, BLKFLSBUF, 0);   /* In case this is a HD */
-#endif
-#ifdef FDFLUSH
-  ioctl (host_dev, FDFLUSH, 0);   /* In case this is floppy */
+#ifdef O_DIRECT
+       if (!use_buffered_io)
+               return;
 #endif
+       retval = ext2fs_sync_device(host_dev, 1);
+       if (retval)
+               com_err(program_name, retval, "%s",
+                       _("during ext2fs_sync_device"));
 }
 
-static unsigned int test_ro (int dev, unsigned long blocks_count,
-                            int block_size, unsigned long from_count,
-                            unsigned long blocks_at_once)
+static unsigned int test_ro (int dev, blk_t last_block,
+                            int block_size, blk_t first_block,
+                            unsigned int blocks_at_once)
 {
-       char * blkbuf;
+       unsigned char * blkbuf;
        int try;
-       long got;
+       int got;
        unsigned int bb_count = 0;
        errcode_t errcode;
+       blk_t recover_block = ~0;
+
+       /* set up abend handler */
+       capture_terminate(NULL);
 
        errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list,&bb_iter);
        if (errcode) {
-               com_err (program_name, errcode,
-                        _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
+               com_err(program_name, errcode, "%s",
+                       _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
                exit (1);
        }
        do {
                ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
-       } while (next_bad && next_bad < from_count);
+       } while (next_bad && next_bad < first_block);
 
-       blkbuf = malloc (blocks_at_once * block_size);
+       if (t_flag) {
+               blkbuf = allocate_buffer((blocks_at_once + 1) * block_size);
+       } else {
+               blkbuf = allocate_buffer(blocks_at_once * block_size);
+       }
        if (!blkbuf)
        {
-               com_err (program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
+               com_err(program_name, ENOMEM, "%s",
+                       _("while allocating buffers"));
                exit (1);
        }
-       flush_bufs (dev, 0);
        if (v_flag) {
-           fprintf(stderr, _("Checking for bad blocks in read-only mode\n"));
-           fprintf (stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"), from_count,
-                    blocks_count);
+               fprintf(stderr, _("Checking blocks %lu to %lu\n"),
+                       (unsigned long)first_block,
+                       (unsigned long)last_block - 1);
        }
-       try = blocks_at_once;
-       currently_testing = from_count;
-       num_blocks = blocks_count;
-       if (s_flag || v_flag > 1) {
-               fprintf(stderr,
-                       _("Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): "));
-               if (v_flag <= 1)
-                       alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
+       if (t_flag) {
+               fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in read-only mode\n"), stderr);
+               pattern_fill(blkbuf + blocks_at_once * block_size,
+                            t_patts[0], block_size);
        }
-       while (currently_testing < blocks_count)
+       flush_bufs();
+       try = blocks_at_once;
+       currently_testing = first_block;
+       num_blocks = last_block - 1;
+       if (!t_flag && (s_flag || v_flag))
+               fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): "), stderr);
+       if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
+               alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
+       while (currently_testing < last_block)
        {
+               if (bb_count >= max_bb) {
+                       if (s_flag || v_flag) {
+                               fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
                if (next_bad) {
                        if (currently_testing == next_bad) {
                                /* fprintf (out, "%lu\n", nextbad); */
@@ -294,364 +556,550 @@ static unsigned int test_ro (int dev, unsigned long blocks_count,
                        else if (currently_testing + try > next_bad)
                                try = next_bad - currently_testing;
                }
-               if (currently_testing + try > blocks_count)
-                       try = blocks_count - currently_testing;
+               if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
+                       try = last_block - currently_testing;
                got = do_read (dev, blkbuf, try, block_size, currently_testing);
-               currently_testing += got;
-               if (got == try) {
-                       try = blocks_at_once;
-                       continue;
+               if (t_flag) {
+                       /* test the comparison between all the
+                          blocks successfully read  */
+                       int i;
+                       for (i = 0; i < got; ++i)
+                               if (memcmp (blkbuf+i*block_size,
+                                           blkbuf+blocks_at_once*block_size,
+                                           block_size))
+                                       bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + i, CORRUPTION_ERROR);
                }
-               else
+               if (got == 0 && try == 1)
+                       bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++, READ_ERROR);
+               currently_testing += got;
+               if (got != try) {
                        try = 1;
-               if (got == 0) {
-                       bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
+                       if (recover_block == ~0U)
+                               recover_block = currently_testing - got +
+                                       blocks_at_once;
+                       continue;
+               } else if (currently_testing == recover_block) {
+                       try = blocks_at_once;
+                       recover_block = ~0;
                }
        }
        num_blocks = 0;
        alarm(0);
-       if (s_flag || v_flag > 1)
-               fprintf(stderr, _(done_string));
+       if (s_flag || v_flag)
+               fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
 
        fflush (stderr);
        free (blkbuf);
 
        ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
 
+       uncapture_terminate();
+
        return bb_count;
 }
 
-static unsigned int test_rw (int dev, unsigned long blocks_count,
-                            int block_size, unsigned long from_count,
-                            unsigned long blocks_at_once)
+static unsigned int test_rw (int dev, blk_t last_block,
+                            int block_size, blk_t first_block,
+                            unsigned int blocks_at_once)
 {
-       int i;
-       char * buffer;
-       unsigned char pattern[] = {0xaa, 0x55, 0xff, 0x00};
+       unsigned char *buffer, *read_buffer;
+       const unsigned int patterns[] = {0xaa, 0x55, 0xff, 0x00};
+       const unsigned int *pattern;
+       int i, try, got, nr_pattern, pat_idx;
        unsigned int bb_count = 0;
+       blk_t recover_block = ~0;
 
-       buffer = malloc (2 * block_size);
-       if (!buffer)
-       {
-               com_err (program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
+       /* set up abend handler */
+       capture_terminate(NULL);
+
+       buffer = allocate_buffer(2 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
+       read_buffer = buffer + blocks_at_once * block_size;
+
+       if (!buffer) {
+               com_err(program_name, ENOMEM, "%s",
+                       _("while allocating buffers"));
                exit (1);
        }
 
-       flush_bufs (dev, 0);
+       flush_bufs();
 
        if (v_flag) {
-               fprintf(stderr,
-                       _("Checking for bad blocks in read-write mode\n"));
+               fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in read-write mode\n"),
+                     stderr);
                fprintf(stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"),
-                        from_count, blocks_count);
+                       (unsigned long) first_block,
+                       (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
        }
-       for (i = 0; i < sizeof (pattern); i++) {
-               memset (buffer, pattern[i], block_size);
-               if (s_flag | v_flag)
-                       fprintf (stderr, _("Writing pattern 0x%08x: "),
-                                *((int *) buffer));
-               num_blocks = blocks_count;
-               currently_testing = from_count;
+       if (t_flag) {
+               pattern = t_patts;
+               nr_pattern = t_flag;
+       } else {
+               pattern = patterns;
+               nr_pattern = sizeof(patterns) / sizeof(patterns[0]);
+       }
+       for (pat_idx = 0; pat_idx < nr_pattern; pat_idx++) {
+               pattern_fill(buffer, pattern[pat_idx],
+                            blocks_at_once * block_size);
+               num_blocks = last_block - 1;
+               currently_testing = first_block;
                if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
                        alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
-               for (;
-                    currently_testing < blocks_count;
-                    currently_testing++)
-               {
-                       if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) currently_testing *
-                                        block_size, SEEK_SET) !=
-                           (ext2_loff_t) currently_testing * block_size)
-                               com_err (program_name, errno,
-                                        _("during seek on block %d"),
-                                        currently_testing);
+
+               try = blocks_at_once;
+               while (currently_testing < last_block) {
+                       if (bb_count >= max_bb) {
+                               if (s_flag || v_flag) {
+                                       fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
+                               try = last_block - currently_testing;
+                       got = do_write(dev, buffer, try, block_size,
+                                       currently_testing);
                        if (v_flag > 1)
                                print_status();
-                       write (dev, buffer, block_size);
+
+                       if (got == 0 && try == 1)
+                               bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++, WRITE_ERROR);
+                       currently_testing += got;
+                       if (got != try) {
+                               try = 1;
+                               if (recover_block == ~0U)
+                                       recover_block = currently_testing -
+                                               got + blocks_at_once;
+                               continue;
+                       } else if (currently_testing == recover_block) {
+                               try = blocks_at_once;
+                               recover_block = ~0;
+                       }
                }
+
                num_blocks = 0;
                alarm (0);
                if (s_flag | v_flag)
-                       fprintf(stderr, _(done_string));
-               flush_bufs (dev, 1);
+                       fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
+               flush_bufs();
                if (s_flag | v_flag)
-                       fprintf (stderr, _("Reading and comparing: "));
-               num_blocks = blocks_count;
-               currently_testing = from_count;
+                       fputs(_("Reading and comparing: "), stderr);
+               num_blocks = last_block;
+               currently_testing = first_block;
                if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
                        alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
-               for (;
-                    currently_testing < blocks_count;
-                    currently_testing++)
-               {
-                       if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) currently_testing *
-                                        block_size, SEEK_SET) !=
-                           (ext2_loff_t) currently_testing * block_size)
-                               com_err (program_name, errno,
-                                        _("during seek on block %d"),
-                                        currently_testing);
+
+               try = blocks_at_once;
+               while (currently_testing < last_block) {
+                       if (bb_count >= max_bb) {
+                               if (s_flag || v_flag) {
+                                       fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
+                               try = last_block - currently_testing;
+                       got = do_read (dev, read_buffer, try, block_size,
+                                      currently_testing);
+                       if (got == 0 && try == 1)
+                               bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++, READ_ERROR);
+                       currently_testing += got;
+                       if (got != try) {
+                               try = 1;
+                               if (recover_block == ~0U)
+                                       recover_block = currently_testing -
+                                               got + blocks_at_once;
+                               continue;
+                       } else if (currently_testing == recover_block) {
+                               try = blocks_at_once;
+                               recover_block = ~0U;
+                       }
+                       for (i=0; i < got; i++) {
+                               if (memcmp(read_buffer + i * block_size,
+                                          buffer + i * block_size,
+                                          block_size))
+                                       bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing+i, CORRUPTION_ERROR);
+                       }
                        if (v_flag > 1)
                                print_status();
-                       if ((read (dev, buffer + block_size, block_size) 
-                            != block_size) ||
-                           memcmp(buffer, buffer + block_size, block_size))
-                               bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing);
                }
+
                num_blocks = 0;
                alarm (0);
                if (s_flag | v_flag)
-                       fprintf(stderr, _(done_string));
-               flush_bufs (dev, 0);
+                       fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
+               flush_bufs();
        }
-
+       uncapture_terminate();
+       free(buffer);
        return bb_count;
 }
 
-static unsigned int test_nd (int dev, unsigned long blocks_count,
-                            int block_size, unsigned long from_count,
-                            unsigned long blocks_at_once)
+struct saved_blk_record {
+       blk_t   block;
+       int     num;
+};
+
+static unsigned int test_nd (int dev, blk_t last_block,
+                            int block_size, blk_t first_block,
+                            unsigned int blocks_at_once)
 {
-       char *blkbuf, *save_ptr, *test_ptr, *read_ptr;
-       char * ptr;
+       unsigned char *blkbuf, *save_ptr, *test_ptr, *read_ptr;
+       unsigned char *test_base, *save_base, *read_base;
        int try, i;
-       long got, used2;
-       unsigned long *bufblk;
-       unsigned long *bufblks;
+       const unsigned int patterns[] = { ~0 };
+       const unsigned int *pattern;
+       int nr_pattern, pat_idx;
+       int got, used2, written;
+       blk_t save_currently_testing;
+       struct saved_blk_record *test_record;
+       /* This is static to prevent being clobbered by the longjmp */
+       static int num_saved;
        jmp_buf terminate_env;
        errcode_t errcode;
-       /* These are static to prevent being clobbered by the longjmp */
-       static long buf_used = 0;
-       static unsigned int bb_count = 0;
+       unsigned long buf_used;
+       static unsigned int bb_count;
+       unsigned int granularity = blocks_at_once;
+       blk_t recover_block = ~0U;
 
+       bb_count = 0;
        errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list,&bb_iter);
        if (errcode) {
-               com_err (program_name, errcode,
-                        _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
+               com_err(program_name, errcode, "%s",
+                       _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
                exit (1);
        }
        do {
                ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
-       } while (next_bad && next_bad < from_count);
+       } while (next_bad && next_bad < first_block);
 
-       blkbuf = malloc (3 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
-       bufblk = malloc (blocks_at_once * sizeof(unsigned long));
-       bufblks = malloc (blocks_at_once * sizeof(unsigned long));
-       if (!blkbuf || !bufblk || !bufblks) {
-               com_err(program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
+       blkbuf = allocate_buffer(3 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
+       test_record = malloc(blocks_at_once * sizeof(struct saved_blk_record));
+       if (!blkbuf || !test_record) {
+               com_err(program_name, ENOMEM, "%s",
+                       _("while allocating buffers"));
                exit (1);
        }
 
-       /* inititalize the test data randomly: */
-       if (v_flag) {
-               fprintf (stderr, _("Initializing random test data\n"));
-       }
-       for(ptr = blkbuf + blocks_at_once * block_size;
-           ptr < blkbuf + 2 * blocks_at_once * block_size;
-           ++ptr) {
-               (*ptr) = random() % (1 << sizeof(char));
-       }
+       save_base = blkbuf;
+       test_base = blkbuf + (blocks_at_once * block_size);
+       read_base = blkbuf + (2 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
+
+       num_saved = 0;
 
-       flush_bufs (dev, 0);
+       flush_bufs();
        if (v_flag) {
-           fprintf (stderr,
-                    _("Checking for bad blocks in non-destructive read-write mode\n"));
-           fprintf (stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"), from_count, blocks_count);
+           fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in non-destructive read-write mode\n"), stderr);
+           fprintf (stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"),
+                    (unsigned long) first_block,
+                    (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
        }
        if (s_flag || v_flag > 1) {
-               fprintf(stderr, _("Checking for bad blocks (non-destructive read-write test): "));
-               if (v_flag <= 1)
-                       alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
+               fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks (non-destructive read-write test)\n"), stderr);
        }
        if (setjmp(terminate_env)) {
                /*
                 * Abnormal termination by a signal is handled here.
-                * buf_used will always contain the number of blocks
-                * saved in a non-destructive test, so they can be
-                * rewritten back to the disk.
                 */
-               long buf_written;
-
-               fprintf(stderr, _("Interrupt caught, cleaning up\n"));
-
-               for (buf_written = 0;
-                       buf_written < buf_used;
-                          buf_written += bufblks[buf_written])
-                       do_write (dev, blkbuf + buf_written * block_size,
-                                 bufblks[buf_written], block_size, 
-                                 bufblk[buf_written]);
-
+               signal (SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
+               fputs(_("\nInterrupt caught, cleaning up\n"), stderr);
+
+               save_ptr = save_base;
+               for (i=0; i < num_saved; i++) {
+                       do_write(dev, save_ptr, test_record[i].num,
+                                block_size, test_record[i].block);
+                       save_ptr += test_record[i].num * block_size;
+               }
                fflush (out);
                exit(1);
        }
-       
+
        /* set up abend handler */
        capture_terminate(terminate_env);
 
-       buf_used = 0; save_ptr = blkbuf;
-       test_ptr = blkbuf + (blocks_at_once * block_size);
-       currently_testing = from_count;
-       num_blocks = blocks_count;
+       if (t_flag) {
+               pattern = t_patts;
+               nr_pattern = t_flag;
+       } else {
+               pattern = patterns;
+               nr_pattern = sizeof(patterns) / sizeof(patterns[0]);
+       }
+       for (pat_idx = 0; pat_idx < nr_pattern; pat_idx++) {
+               pattern_fill(test_base, pattern[pat_idx],
+                            blocks_at_once * block_size);
+
+               buf_used = 0;
+               bb_count = 0;
+               save_ptr = save_base;
+               test_ptr = test_base;
+               currently_testing = first_block;
+               num_blocks = last_block - 1;
+               if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
+                       alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
 
-       while (currently_testing < blocks_count) {
-               try = blocks_at_once - buf_used;
-               if (next_bad) {
-                       if (currently_testing == next_bad) {
-                               /* fprintf (out, "%lu\n", nextbad); */
-                               ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
-                               bufblk[buf_used] = currently_testing++;
-                               goto test_full_buf;
+               while (currently_testing < last_block) {
+                       if (bb_count >= max_bb) {
+                               if (s_flag || v_flag) {
+                                       fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       got = try = granularity - buf_used;
+                       if (next_bad) {
+                               if (currently_testing == next_bad) {
+                                       /* fprintf (out, "%lu\n", nextbad); */
+                                       ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
+                                       currently_testing++;
+                                       goto check_for_more;
+                               }
+                               else if (currently_testing + try > next_bad)
+                                       try = next_bad - currently_testing;
+                       }
+                       if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
+                               try = last_block - currently_testing;
+                       got = do_read (dev, save_ptr, try, block_size,
+                                      currently_testing);
+                       if (got == 0) {
+                               if (recover_block == ~0U)
+                                       recover_block = currently_testing +
+                                               blocks_at_once;
+                               if (granularity != 1) {
+                                       granularity = 1;
+                                       continue;
+                               }
+                               /* First block must have been bad. */
+                               bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++, READ_ERROR);
+                               goto check_for_more;
                        }
-                       else if (currently_testing + try > next_bad)
-                               try = next_bad - currently_testing;
-               }
-               if (currently_testing + try > blocks_count)
-                       try = blocks_count - currently_testing;
-               got = do_read (dev, save_ptr, try, block_size,
-                              currently_testing);
 
-               /* if reading succeeded, write the test data */
-               if (got) {
-                       long written;
+                       /*
+                        * Note the fact that we've saved this much data
+                        * *before* we overwrite it with test data
+                        */
+                       test_record[num_saved].block = currently_testing;
+                       test_record[num_saved].num = got;
+                       num_saved++;
 
+                       /* Write the test data */
                        written = do_write (dev, test_ptr, got, block_size,
                                            currently_testing);
                        if (written != got)
                                com_err (program_name, errno,
-                                _("during test data write, block %lu"),
-                                        currently_testing + written);
-               }
+                                        _("during test data write, block %lu"),
+                                        (unsigned long) currently_testing +
+                                        written);
 
-               bufblk[buf_used] = currently_testing;
-               bufblks[buf_used] = got;
-               buf_used += got;
-               save_ptr += got * block_size;
-               test_ptr += got * block_size;
-               currently_testing += got;
-               if (got != try)
-                       bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
-
-       test_full_buf:
-               /*
-                * If there's room for more blocks to be tested this
-                * around, and we're not done yet testing the disk, go
-                * back and get some more blocks.
-                */
-               if ((buf_used != blocks_at_once) &&
-                   (currently_testing != blocks_count))
-                       continue;
-
-               flush_bufs (dev, 1);
-
-               /*
-                * for each contiguous block that we read into the
-                * buffer (and wrote test data into afterwards), read
-                * it back (looping if necessary, to get past newly
-                * discovered unreadable blocks, of which there should
-                * be none, but with a hard drive which is unreliable,
-                * it has happened), and compare with the test data
-                * that was written; output to the bad block list if
-                * it doesn't match.
-                */
-               used2 = 0;
-               save_ptr = blkbuf;
-               test_ptr = blkbuf + (blocks_at_once * block_size);
-               read_ptr = blkbuf + (2 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
-               currently_testing = bufblk[0];
-               try = bufblks[0];
+                       buf_used += got;
+                       save_ptr += got * block_size;
+                       test_ptr += got * block_size;
+                       currently_testing += got;
+                       if (got != try) {
+                               if (recover_block == ~0U)
+                                       recover_block = currently_testing -
+                                               got + blocks_at_once;
+                               continue;
+                       }
 
-               while (currently_testing < blocks_count) {
-                       got = do_read (dev, read_ptr, try,
-                                      block_size, currently_testing);
+               check_for_more:
+                       /*
+                        * If there's room for more blocks to be tested this
+                        * around, and we're not done yet testing the disk, go
+                        * back and get some more blocks.
+                        */
+                       if ((buf_used != granularity) &&
+                           (currently_testing < last_block))
+                               continue;
 
-                       /* test the comparison between all the
-                          blocks successfully read  */
-                       for (i = 0; i < got; ++i)
-                               if (memcmp (test_ptr+i*block_size,
-                                           read_ptr+i*block_size, block_size))
-                                       bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + i);
-                       if (got < try) {
-                               bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + got);
-                               got++;
+                       if (currently_testing >= recover_block) {
+                               granularity = blocks_at_once;
+                               recover_block = ~0;
                        }
-                                       
-                       /* when done, write back original data */
-                       do_write (dev, save_ptr, got, block_size,
-                                 currently_testing);
-
-                       currently_testing += got;
-                       save_ptr += got * block_size;
-                       test_ptr += got * block_size;
-                       read_ptr += got * block_size;
-                       try -= got;
 
-                       if (try == 0) {
-                               used2 += bufblks[used2];
-                               if (used2 >= blocks_at_once)
-                                       break;
-                               currently_testing = bufblk[used2];
-                               try = bufblks[used2];
+                       flush_bufs();
+                       save_currently_testing = currently_testing;
+
+                       /*
+                        * for each contiguous block that we read into the
+                        * buffer (and wrote test data into afterwards), read
+                        * it back (looping if necessary, to get past newly
+                        * discovered unreadable blocks, of which there should
+                        * be none, but with a hard drive which is unreliable,
+                        * it has happened), and compare with the test data
+                        * that was written; output to the bad block list if
+                        * it doesn't match.
+                        */
+                       used2 = 0;
+                       save_ptr = save_base;
+                       test_ptr = test_base;
+                       read_ptr = read_base;
+                       try = 0;
+
+                       while (1) {
+                               if (try == 0) {
+                                       if (used2 >= num_saved)
+                                               break;
+                                       currently_testing = test_record[used2].block;
+                                       try = test_record[used2].num;
+                                       used2++;
+                               }
+
+                               got = do_read (dev, read_ptr, try,
+                                              block_size, currently_testing);
+
+                               /* test the comparison between all the
+                                  blocks successfully read  */
+                               for (i = 0; i < got; ++i)
+                                       if (memcmp (test_ptr+i*block_size,
+                                                   read_ptr+i*block_size, block_size))
+                                               bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + i, CORRUPTION_ERROR);
+                               if (got < try) {
+                                       bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + got, READ_ERROR);
+                                       got++;
+                               }
+
+                               /* write back original data */
+                               do_write (dev, save_ptr, got,
+                                         block_size, currently_testing);
+                               save_ptr += got * block_size;
+
+                               currently_testing += got;
+                               test_ptr += got * block_size;
+                               read_ptr += got * block_size;
+                               try -= got;
                        }
+
+                       /* empty the buffer so it can be reused */
+                       num_saved = 0;
+                       buf_used = 0;
+                       save_ptr = save_base;
+                       test_ptr = test_base;
+                       currently_testing = save_currently_testing;
                }
+               num_blocks = 0;
+               alarm(0);
+               if (s_flag || v_flag > 1)
+                       fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
 
-               /* empty the buffer so it can be reused */
-               buf_used = 0;
+               flush_bufs();
        }
-       num_blocks = 0;
-       alarm(0);
        uncapture_terminate();
-       if (s_flag || v_flag > 1)
-               fprintf(stderr, _(done_string));
-
        fflush(stderr);
        free(blkbuf);
-       free(bufblk);
-       free(bufblks);
+       free(test_record);
 
        ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
 
        return bb_count;
 }
 
+static void check_mount(char *device_name)
+{
+       errcode_t       retval;
+       int             mount_flags;
+
+       retval = ext2fs_check_if_mounted(device_name, &mount_flags);
+       if (retval) {
+               com_err("ext2fs_check_if_mount", retval,
+                       _("while determining whether %s is mounted."),
+                       device_name);
+               return;
+       }
+       if (mount_flags & EXT2_MF_MOUNTED) {
+               fprintf(stderr, _("%s is mounted; "), device_name);
+               if (force) {
+                       fputs(_("badblocks forced anyway.  "
+                               "Hope /etc/mtab is incorrect.\n"), stderr);
+                       return;
+               }
+       abort_badblocks:
+               fputs(_("it's not safe to run badblocks!\n"), stderr);
+               exit(1);
+       }
+
+       if ((mount_flags & EXT2_MF_BUSY) && !exclusive_ok) {
+               fprintf(stderr, _("%s is apparently in use by the system; "),
+                       device_name);
+               if (force)
+                       fputs(_("badblocks forced anyway.\n"), stderr);
+               else
+                       goto abort_badblocks;
+       }
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function will convert a string to an unsigned long, printing
+ * an error message if it fails, and returning success or failure in err.
+ */
+static unsigned int parse_uint(const char *str, const char *descr)
+{
+       char            *tmp;
+       unsigned long   ret;
+
+       errno = 0;
+       ret = strtoul(str, &tmp, 0);
+       if (*tmp || errno || (ret > UINT_MAX) ||
+           (ret == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)) {
+               com_err (program_name, 0, _("invalid %s - %s"), descr, str);
+               exit (1);
+       }
+       return ret;
+}
+
 int main (int argc, char ** argv)
 {
        int c;
-       char * tmp;
        char * device_name;
        char * host_device_name = NULL;
        char * input_file = NULL;
        char * output_file = NULL;
        FILE * in = NULL;
        int block_size = 1024;
-       unsigned long blocks_at_once = 16;
-       unsigned long blocks_count, from_count;
+       unsigned int blocks_at_once = 64;
+       blk64_t last_block, first_block;
        int num_passes = 0;
        int passes_clean = 0;
        int dev;
        errcode_t errcode;
-       unsigned int (*test_func)(int dev, unsigned long blocks_count,
-                                 int block_size, unsigned long from_count,
-                                 unsigned long blocks_at_once);
-       size_t  buf_size;
+       unsigned int pattern;
+       unsigned int (*test_func)(int, blk_t,
+                                 int, blk_t,
+                                 unsigned int);
+       int open_flag;
+       long sysval;
+       unsigned long long inblk;
 
        setbuf(stdout, NULL);
        setbuf(stderr, NULL);
 #ifdef ENABLE_NLS
        setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
+       setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
        bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
        textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
+       set_com_err_gettext(gettext);
 #endif
+       srandom((unsigned int)time(NULL));  /* simple randomness is enough */
        test_func = test_ro;
-       
+
+       /* Determine the system page size if possible */
+#ifdef HAVE_SYSCONF
+#if (!defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) && defined(_SC_PAGE_SIZE))
+#define _SC_PAGESIZE _SC_PAGE_SIZE
+#endif
+#ifdef _SC_PAGESIZE
+       sysval = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
+       if (sysval > 0)
+               sys_page_size = sysval;
+#endif /* _SC_PAGESIZE */
+#endif /* HAVE_SYSCONF */
+
        if (argc && *argv)
                program_name = *argv;
-       while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "b:i:o:svwnc:p:h:")) != EOF) {
+       while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "b:d:e:fi:o:svwnc:p:h:t:BX")) != EOF) {
                switch (c) {
                case 'b':
-                       block_size = strtoul (optarg, &tmp, 0);
-                       if (*tmp || block_size > 4096) {
-                               com_err (program_name, 0,
-                                        _("bad block size - %s"), optarg);
-                               exit (1);
-                       }
+                       block_size = parse_uint(optarg, "block size");
+                       break;
+               case 'f':
+                       force++;
                        break;
                case 'i':
                        input_file = optarg;
@@ -667,70 +1115,159 @@ int main (int argc, char ** argv)
                        break;
                case 'w':
                        if (w_flag)
-                               usage();
+                               exclusive_usage();
                        test_func = test_rw;
                        w_flag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'n':
                        if (w_flag)
-                               usage();
+                               exclusive_usage();
                        test_func = test_nd;
                        w_flag = 2;
                        break;
                case 'c':
-                       blocks_at_once = strtoul (optarg, &tmp, 0);
-                       if (*tmp) {
+                       blocks_at_once = parse_uint(optarg, "blocks at once");
+                       break;
+               case 'e':
+                       max_bb = parse_uint(optarg, "max bad block count");
+                       if (max_bb > MAX_BAD_BLOCKS) {
                                com_err (program_name, 0,
-                                        "bad simultaneous block count - %s", optarg);
+                                        _("Too big max bad blocks count %u - "
+                                          "maximum is %u"), max_bb,
+                                          MAX_BAD_BLOCKS);
                                exit (1);
                        }
+                       /* 0 really means unlimited but we cannot do that much... */
+                       if (max_bb == 0)
+                               max_bb = MAX_BAD_BLOCKS;
+                       break;
+               case 'd':
+                       d_flag = parse_uint(optarg, "read delay factor");
                        break;
                case 'p':
-                       num_passes = strtoul (optarg, &tmp, 0);
-                       if (*tmp) {
-                               com_err (program_name, 0,
-                                   "bad number of clean passes - %s", optarg);
-                               exit (1);
-                       }
+                       num_passes = parse_uint(optarg,
+                                               "number of clean passes");
                        break;
                case 'h':
                        host_device_name = optarg;
                        break;
+               case 't':
+                       if (t_flag + 1 > t_max) {
+                               unsigned int *t_patts_new;
+
+                               t_patts_new = realloc(t_patts, sizeof(int) *
+                                                     (t_max + T_INC));
+                               if (!t_patts_new) {
+                                       com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
+                                               _("can't allocate memory for "
+                                                 "test_pattern - %s"),
+                                               optarg);
+                                       exit(1);
+                               }
+                               t_patts = t_patts_new;
+                               t_max += T_INC;
+                       }
+                       if (!strcmp(optarg, "r") || !strcmp(optarg,"random")) {
+                               t_patts[t_flag++] = ~0;
+                       } else {
+                               pattern = parse_uint(optarg, "test pattern");
+                               if (pattern == (unsigned int) ~0)
+                                       pattern = 0xffff;
+                               t_patts[t_flag++] = pattern;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               case 'B':
+                       use_buffered_io = 1;
+                       break;
+               case 'X':
+                       exclusive_ok++;
+                       break;
                default:
                        usage();
                }
        }
+       if (!w_flag) {
+               if (t_flag > 1) {
+                       com_err(program_name, 0, "%s",
+                               _("Maximum of one test_pattern may be "
+                                 "specified in read-only mode"));
+                       exit(1);
+               }
+               if (t_patts && (t_patts[0] == (unsigned int) ~0)) {
+                       com_err(program_name, 0, "%s",
+                               _("Random test_pattern is not allowed "
+                                 "in read-only mode"));
+                       exit(1);
+               }
+       }
+       if ((block_size <= 0) || (block_size > (1 << 24)) ||
+           (block_size & (block_size - 1))) {
+               com_err(program_name, 0, _("Invalid block size: %d\n"),
+                       block_size);
+               exit(1);
+       }
+       if ((blocks_at_once <= 0) ||
+           (((unsigned long long) block_size * blocks_at_once) > 0xFFFFFFFF)) {
+               com_err(program_name, 0, _("Invalid blocks_at_once: %d\n"),
+                       blocks_at_once);
+               exit(1);
+       }
+
        if (optind > argc - 1)
                usage();
        device_name = argv[optind++];
-       if (optind > argc - 1)
-               usage();
-       blocks_count = strtoul (argv[optind], &tmp, 0);
-       if (*tmp)
-       {
-               com_err (program_name, 0, _("bad blocks count - %s"),
-                        argv[optind]);
-               exit (1);
+       if (optind > argc - 1) {
+               errcode = ext2fs_get_device_size2(device_name,
+                                                block_size,
+                                                &last_block);
+               if (errcode == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
+                       com_err(program_name, 0, "%s",
+                               _("Couldn't determine device size; you "
+                                 "must specify\nthe size manually\n"));
+                       exit(1);
+               }
+               if (errcode) {
+                       com_err(program_name, errcode, "%s",
+                               _("while trying to determine device size"));
+                       exit(1);
+               }
+       } else {
+               errno = 0;
+               last_block = parse_uint(argv[optind], _("last block"));
+               last_block++;
+               optind++;
        }
-       if (++optind <= argc-1) {
-               from_count = strtoul (argv[optind], &tmp, 0);
-       } else from_count = 0;
-       if (from_count >= blocks_count) {
-           com_err (program_name, 0, _("bad blocks range: %lu-%lu"),
-                    from_count, blocks_count);
+       if (optind <= argc-1) {
+               errno = 0;
+               first_block = parse_uint(argv[optind], _("first block"));
+       } else first_block = 0;
+       if (first_block >= last_block) {
+           com_err (program_name, 0, _("invalid starting block (%llu): must be less than %llu"),
+                    (unsigned long long) first_block,
+                    (unsigned long long) last_block);
            exit (1);
        }
-       dev = open (device_name, w_flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY);
-       if (dev == -1)
-       {
+       /* ext2 badblocks file can't handle large values */
+       if (last_block >> 32) {
+               com_err(program_name, EOVERFLOW,
+                       _("invalid end block (%llu): must be 32-bit value"),
+                       (unsigned long long) last_block);
+               exit(1);
+       }
+       if (w_flag)
+               check_mount(device_name);
+
+       gettimeofday(&time_start, 0);
+       open_flag = O_LARGEFILE | (w_flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY);
+       dev = open (device_name, open_flag);
+       if (dev == -1) {
                com_err (program_name, errno, _("while trying to open %s"),
                         device_name);
                exit (1);
        }
        if (host_device_name) {
-               host_dev = open (host_device_name, O_RDONLY);
-               if (host_dev == -1)
-               {
+               host_dev = open (host_device_name, open_flag);
+               if (host_dev == -1) {
                        com_err (program_name, errno,
                                 _("while trying to open %s"),
                                 host_device_name);
@@ -738,7 +1275,7 @@ int main (int argc, char ** argv)
                }
        } else
                host_dev = dev;
-       if (input_file)
+       if (input_file) {
                if (strcmp (input_file, "-") == 0)
                        in = stdin;
                else {
@@ -751,6 +1288,7 @@ int main (int argc, char ** argv)
                                exit (1);
                        }
                }
+       }
        if (output_file && strcmp (output_file, "-") != 0)
        {
                out = fopen (output_file, "w");
@@ -767,23 +1305,35 @@ int main (int argc, char ** argv)
 
        errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_create(&bb_list,0);
        if (errcode) {
-               com_err (program_name, errcode,
-                        _("creating in-memory bad blocks list"));
+               com_err(program_name, errcode, "%s",
+                       _("while creating in-memory bad blocks list"));
                exit (1);
        }
 
        if (in) {
                for(;;) {
-                       switch(fscanf (in, "%lu\n", &next_bad)) {
+                       switch (fscanf(in, "%llu\n", &inblk)) {
                                case 0:
-                                       com_err (program_name, 0, "input file - bad format");
+                                       com_err(program_name, 0, "%s",
+                                               _("input file - bad format"));
                                        exit (1);
                                case EOF:
                                        break;
                                default:
+                                       if (inblk >> 32) {
+                                               com_err(program_name,
+                                                       EOVERFLOW, "%s",
+                                               _("while adding to in-memory "
+                                                 "bad block list"));
+                                               exit(1);
+                                       }
+                                       next_bad = inblk;
                                        errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_add(bb_list,next_bad);
                                        if (errcode) {
-                                               com_err (program_name, errcode, _("adding to in-memory bad block list"));
+                                               com_err(program_name, errcode,
+                                                       "%s",
+                                               _("while adding to in-memory "
+                                                 "bad block list"));
                                                exit (1);
                                        }
                                        continue;
@@ -798,23 +1348,23 @@ int main (int argc, char ** argv)
        do {
                unsigned int bb_count;
 
-               bb_count = test_func(dev, blocks_count, block_size,
-                                    from_count, blocks_at_once);
+               bb_count = test_func(dev, last_block, block_size,
+                                    first_block, blocks_at_once);
                if (bb_count)
                        passes_clean = 0;
                else
                        ++passes_clean;
-               
+
                if (v_flag)
                        fprintf(stderr,
-                               _("Pass completed, %u bad blocks found.\n"), 
-                               bb_count);
+                               _("Pass completed, %u bad blocks found. (%d/%d/%d errors)\n"),
+                               bb_count, num_read_errors, num_write_errors, num_corruption_errors);
 
        } while (passes_clean < num_passes);
 
        close (dev);
        if (out != stdout)
                fclose (out);
+       free(t_patts);
        return 0;
 }
-