.\"
.TH E2FSCK 8 "@E2FSPROGS_MONTH@ @E2FSPROGS_YEAR@" "E2fsprogs version @E2FSPROGS_VERSION@"
.SH NAME
-e2fsck \- check a Linux ext2/ext3 file system
+e2fsck \- check a Linux ext2/ext3/ext4 file system
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B e2fsck
[
-.B \-pacnyrdfkvstDFSV
+.B \-pacnyrdfkvtDFV
]
[
.B \-b
.I device
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B e2fsck
-is used to check a Linux second extended file system (ext2fs).
-.B E2fsck
-also
-supports ext2 filesystems containing a journal, which are
-also sometimes known as ext3 filesystems, by first applying the journal
-to the filesystem before continuing with normal
+is used to check the ext2/ext3/ext4 family of file systems.
+For ext3 and ext4 filesystems that use a journal, if the system has been
+shut down uncleanly without any errors, normally, after replaying the
+committed transactions in the journal, the file system should be
+marked as clean. Hence, for filesystems that use journalling,
.B e2fsck
-processing. After the journal has been applied, a filesystem will
-normally be marked as clean. Hence, for ext3 filesystems,
-.B e2fsck
-will normally run the journal and exit, unless its superblock
+will normally replay the journal and exit, unless its superblock
indicates that further checking is required.
.PP
.I device
check can be monitored. This option is typically used by programs
which are running
.BR e2fsck .
+If the file descriptor number is negative, then absolute value of
+the file descriptor will be used, and the progress information will be
+suppressed initially. It can later be enabled by sending the
+.B e2fsck
+process a SIGUSR1 signal.
If the file descriptor specified is 0,
.B e2fsck
will print a completion bar as it goes about its business. This requires
filesystem supports directory indexing, or by sorting and compressing
directories for smaller directories, or for filesystems using
traditional linear directories.
+.IP
+Even without the
+.B \-D
+option,
+.B e2fsck
+may sometimes optimize a few directories --- for example, if
+directory indexing is enabled and a directory is not indexed and would
+benefit from being indexed, or if the index structures are corrupted
+and need to be rebuilt. The
+.B \-D
+option forces all directories in the filesystem to be optimized. This can
+sometimes make them a little smaller and slightly faster to search, but
+in practice, you should rarely need to use this option.
+.IP
+The
+.B \-D
+option will detect directory entries with duplicate names in a single
+directory, which e2fsck normally does not enforce for performance reasons.
.TP
.BI \-E " extended_options"
Set e2fsck extended options. Extended options are comma
.RS 1.2i
.TP
.BI ea_ver= extended_attribute_version
-Assume the format of the extended attribute blocks in the filesystem is
-the specified version number. The version number may be 1 or 2. The
-default extended attribute version format is 2.
+Set the version of the extended attribute blocks which
+.B e2fsck
+will require while checking the filesystem. The version number may
+be 1 or 2. The default extended attribute version format is 2.
+.TP
+.BI fragcheck
+During pass 1, print a detailed report of any discontiguous blocks for
+files in the filesystem.
.RE
.TP
.B \-f
options.
.TP
.B \-p
-Automatically repair ("preen") the file system. This option will case
+Automatically repair ("preen") the file system. This option will cause
.B e2fsck
to automatically
fix any filesystem problems that can be safely fixed without human
.B \-r
This option does nothing at all; it is provided only for backwards
compatibility.
-.TP
-.B \-s
-This option will byte-swap the filesystem so that it is using the normalized,
-standard byte-order (which is i386 or little endian). If the filesystem is
-already in the standard byte-order,
-.B e2fsck
-will take no action.
-.TP
-.B \-S
-This option will byte-swap the filesystem, regardless of its current
-byte-order.
.TP
.B \-t
Print timing statistics for
.B SIGUSR1
This signal causes
.B e2fsck
-to start displaying a completion bar. (See discussion of the
+to start displaying a completion bar or emitting progress information.
+(See discussion of the
.B \-C
option.)
.TP
.B SIGUSR2
This signal causes
.B e2fsck
-to stop displaying a completion bar.
+to stop displaying a completion bar or emitting progress information.
.SH REPORTING BUGS
Almost any piece of software will have bugs. If you manage to find a
filesystem which causes
which can sent to me after being first run through
.BR uuencode (1).
The most useful data you can send to help reproduce
-the bug is a compressed raw image dump of the filesyste, generated using
+the bug is a compressed raw image dump of the filesystem, generated using
.BR e2image (8).
See the
.BR e2image (8)
.B e2fsck
was written by Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>.
.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR e2fsck.conf (5),
.BR badblocks (8),
.BR dumpe2fs (8),
.BR debugfs (8),
git://git.whamcloud.com / tools / e2fsprogs.git / blobdiff