misc/mke2fs.c

   1 /*
   2  * mke2fs.c - Make a ext2fs filesystem.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 Theodore Ts'o.
   5  *
   6  * %Begin-Header%
   7  * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
   8  * License.
   9  * %End-Header%
  10  */
  11
  12 /* Usage: mke2fs [options] device
  13  *
  14  * The device may be a block device or a image of one, but this isn't
  15  * enforced (but it's not much fun on a character device :-).
  16  */
  17
  18 #include <stdio.h>
  19 #include <string.h>
  20 #include <fcntl.h>
  21 #include <ctype.h>
  22 #include <time.h>
  23 #ifdef linux
  24 #include <sys/utsname.h>
  25 #endif
  26 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
  27 #include <getopt.h>
  28 #else
  29 extern char *optarg;
  30 extern int optind;
  31 #endif
  32 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
  33 #include <unistd.h>
  34 #endif
  35 #ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
  36 #include <stdlib.h>
  37 #endif
  38 #ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
  39 #include <errno.h>
  40 #endif
  41 #ifdef HAVE_MNTENT_H
  42 #include <mntent.h>
  43 #endif
  44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  45 #include <sys/types.h>
  46
  47 #include "ext2fs/ext2_fs.h"
  48 #include "et/com_err.h"
  49 #include "uuid/uuid.h"
  50 #include "e2p/e2p.h"
  51 #include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
  52 #include "util.h"
  53 #include "../version.h"
  54 #include "nls-enable.h"
  55
  56 #define STRIDE_LENGTH 8
  57
  58 #ifndef __sparc__
  59 #define ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
  60 #endif
  61
  62 extern int isatty(int);
  63 extern FILE *fpopen(const char *cmd, const char *mode);
  64
  65 const char * program_name = "mke2fs";
  66 const char * device_name /* = NULL */;
  67
  68 /* Command line options */
  69 int     cflag;
  70 int     verbose;
  71 int     quiet;
  72 int     super_only;
  73 int     force;
  74 int     noaction;
  75 int     journal_size;
  76 int     journal_flags;
  77 char    *bad_blocks_filename;
  78 __u32   fs_stride;
  79
  80 struct ext2_super_block param;
  81 char *creator_os;
  82 char *volume_label;
  83 char *mount_dir;
  84 char *journal_device;
  85 int sync_kludge;        /* Set using the MKE2FS_SYNC env. option */
  86
  87 static void usage(void)
  88 {
  89         fprintf(stderr, _("Usage: %s [-c|-t|-l filename] [-b block-size] "
  90         "[-f fragment-size]\n\t[-i bytes-per-inode] [-j] [-J journal-options]"
  91         " [-N number-of-inodes]\n\t[-m reserved-blocks-percentage] "
  92         "[-o creator-os] [-g blocks-per-group]\n\t[-L volume-label] "
  93         "[-M last-mounted-directory] [-O feature[,...]]\n\t"
  94         "[-r fs-revision] [-R raid_opts] [-qvSV] device [blocks-count]\n"),
  95                 program_name);
  96         exit(1);
  97 }
  98
  99 static int int_log2(int arg)
 100 {
 101         int     l = 0;
 102
 103         arg >>= 1;
 104         while (arg) {
 105                 l++;
 106                 arg >>= 1;
 107         }
 108         return l;
 109 }
 110
 111 static int int_log10(unsigned int arg)
 112 {
 113         int     l;
 114
 115         for (l=0; arg ; l++)
 116                 arg = arg / 10;
 117         return l;
 118 }
 119
 120 /*
 121  * This function sets the default parameters for a filesystem
 122  *
 123  * The type is specified by the user.  The size is the maximum size
 124  * (in megabytes) for which a set of parameters applies, with a size
 125  * of zero meaning that it is the default parameter for the type.
 126  * Note that order is important in the table below.
 127  */
 128 static char default_str[] = "default";
 129 struct mke2fs_defaults {
 130         const char      *type;
 131         int             size;
 132         int             blocksize;
 133         int             inode_ratio;
 134 } settings[] = {
 135         { default_str, 0, 4096, 8192 },
 136         { default_str, 512, 1024, 4096 },
 137         { default_str, 3, 1024, 8192 },
 138         { "journal", 0, 4096, 8192 },
 139         { "news", 0, 4096, 4096 },
 140         { "largefile", 0, 4096, 1024 * 1024 },
 141         { "largefile4", 0, 4096, 4096 * 1024 },
 142         { 0, 0, 0, 0},
 143 };
 144
 145 static void set_fs_defaults(char *fs_type, struct ext2_super_block *super,
 146                             int blocksize, int *inode_ratio)
 147 {
 148         int     megs;
 149         int     ratio = 0;
 150         struct mke2fs_defaults *p;
 151
 152         megs = (super->s_blocks_count * (EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024) /
 153                 1024);
 154         if (inode_ratio)
 155                 ratio = *inode_ratio;
 156         if (!fs_type)
 157                 fs_type = default_str;
 158         for (p = settings; p->type; p++) {
 159                 if ((strcmp(p->type, fs_type) != 0) &&
 160                     (strcmp(p->type, default_str) != 0))
 161                         continue;
 162                 if ((p->size != 0) &&
 163                     (megs > p->size))
 164                         continue;
 165                 if (ratio == 0)
 166                         *inode_ratio = p->inode_ratio;
 167                 if (blocksize == 0) {
 168                         super->s_log_frag_size = super->s_log_block_size =
 169                                 int_log2(p->blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 170                 }
 171         }
 172         if (blocksize == 0)
 173                 super->s_blocks_count /= EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024;
 174 }
 175
 176 /*
 177  * Helper function for read_bb_file and test_disk
 178  */
 179 static void invalid_block(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk)
 180 {
 181         printf(_("Bad block %u out of range; ignored.\n"), blk);
 182         return;
 183 }
 184
 185 /*
 186  * Reads the bad blocks list from a file
 187  */
 188 static void read_bb_file(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list,
 189                          const char *bad_blocks_file)
 190 {
 191         FILE            *f;
 192         errcode_t       retval;
 193
 194         f = fopen(bad_blocks_file, "r");
 195         if (!f) {
 196                 com_err("read_bad_blocks_file", errno,
 197                         _("while trying to open %s"), bad_blocks_file);
 198                 exit(1);
 199         }
 200         retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
 201         fclose (f);
 202         if (retval) {
 203                 com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
 204                         _("while reading in list of bad blocks from file"));
 205                 exit(1);
 206         }
 207 }
 208
 209 /*
 210  * Runs the badblocks program to test the disk
 211  */
 212 static void test_disk(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list)
 213 {
 214         FILE            *f;
 215         errcode_t       retval;
 216         char            buf[1024];
 217
 218         sprintf(buf, "badblocks -b %d %s%s %d", fs->blocksize,
 219                 quiet ? "" : "-s ", fs->device_name,
 220                 fs->super->s_blocks_count);
 221         if (verbose)
 222                 printf(_("Running command: %s\n"), buf);
 223         f = popen(buf, "r");
 224         if (!f) {
 225                 com_err("popen", errno,
 226                         _("while trying run '%s'"), buf);
 227                 exit(1);
 228         }
 229         retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
 230         pclose(f);
 231         if (retval) {
 232                 com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
 233                         _("while processing list of bad blocks from program"));
 234                 exit(1);
 235         }
 236 }
 237
 238 static void handle_bad_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
 239 {
 240         int                     i, j;
 241         int                     must_be_good;
 242         blk_t                   blk;
 243         badblocks_iterate       bb_iter;
 244         errcode_t               retval;
 245         blk_t                   group_block;
 246         int                     group;
 247         int                     group_bad;
 248
 249         if (!bb_list)
 250                 return;
 251
 252         /*
 253          * The primary superblock and group descriptors *must* be
 254          * good; if not, abort.
 255          */
 256         must_be_good = fs->super->s_first_data_block + 1 + fs->desc_blocks;
 257         for (i = fs->super->s_first_data_block; i <= must_be_good; i++) {
 258                 if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list, i)) {
 259                         fprintf(stderr, _("Block %d in primary "
 260                                 "superblock/group descriptor area bad.\n"), i);
 261                         fprintf(stderr, _("Blocks %d through %d must be good "
 262                                 "in order to build a filesystem.\n"),
 263                                 fs->super->s_first_data_block, must_be_good);
 264                         fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting....\n"));
 265                         exit(1);
 266                 }
 267         }
 268
 269         /*
 270          * See if any of the bad blocks are showing up in the backup
 271          * superblocks and/or group descriptors.  If so, issue a
 272          * warning and adjust the block counts appropriately.
 273          */
 274         group_block = fs->super->s_first_data_block +
 275                 fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
 276
 277         for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 278                 group_bad = 0;
 279                 for (j=0; j < fs->desc_blocks+1; j++) {
 280                         if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list,
 281                                                        group_block + j)) {
 282                                 if (!group_bad)
 283                                         fprintf(stderr,
 284 _("Warning: the backup superblock/group descriptors at block %d contain\n"
 285 "       bad blocks.\n\n"),
 286                                                 group_block);
 287                                 group_bad++;
 288                                 group = ext2fs_group_of_blk(fs, group_block+j);
 289                                 fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_blocks_count++;
 290                                 fs->super->s_free_blocks_count++;
 291                         }
 292                 }
 293                 group_block += fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
 294         }
 295
 296         /*
 297          * Mark all the bad blocks as used...
 298          */
 299         retval = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list, &bb_iter);
 300         if (retval) {
 301                 com_err("ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin", retval,
 302                         _("while marking bad blocks as used"));
 303                 exit(1);
 304         }
 305         while (ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate(bb_iter, &blk))
 306                 ext2fs_mark_block_bitmap(fs->block_map, blk);
 307         ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
 308 }
 309
 310 /*
 311  * These functions implement a generalized progress meter.
 312  */
 313 struct progress_struct {
 314         char            format[20];
 315         char            backup[80];
 316         __u32           max;
 317 };
 318
 319 static void progress_init(struct progress_struct *progress,
 320                           char *label,__u32 max)
 321 {
 322         int     i;
 323
 324         memset(progress, 0, sizeof(struct progress_struct));
 325         if (quiet)
 326                 return;
 327
 328         /*
 329          * Figure out how many digits we need
 330          */
 331         i = int_log10(max);
 332         sprintf(progress->format, "%%%dd/%%%dld", i, i);
 333         memset(progress->backup, '\b', sizeof(progress->backup)-1);
 334         progress->backup[sizeof(progress->backup)-1] = 0;
 335         if ((2*i)+1 < sizeof(progress->backup))
 336                 progress->backup[(2*i)+1] = 0;
 337         progress->max = max;
 338
 339         fputs(label, stdout);
 340         fflush(stdout);
 341 }
 342
 343 static void progress_update(struct progress_struct *progress, __u32 val)
 344 {
 345         if (progress->format[0] == 0)
 346                 return;
 347         printf(progress->format, val, progress->max);
 348         fputs(progress->backup, stdout);
 349 }
 350
 351 static void progress_close(struct progress_struct *progress)
 352 {
 353         if (progress->format[0] == 0)
 354                 return;
 355         fputs(_("done                            \n"), stdout);
 356 }
 357
 358
 359 /*
 360  * Helper function which zeros out _num_ blocks starting at _blk_.  In
 361  * case of an error, the details of the error is returned via _ret_blk_
 362  * and _ret_count_ if they are non-NULL pointers.  Returns 0 on
 363  * success, and an error code on an error.
 364  *
 365  * As a special case, if the first argument is NULL, then it will
 366  * attempt to free the static zeroizing buffer.  (This is to keep
 367  * programs that check for memory leaks happy.)
 368  */
 369 static errcode_t zero_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk, int num,
 370                              struct progress_struct *progress,
 371                              blk_t *ret_blk, int *ret_count)
 372 {
 373         int             j, count, next_update, next_update_incr;
 374         static char     *buf;
 375         errcode_t       retval;
 376
 377         /* If fs is null, clean up the static buffer and return */
 378         if (!fs) {
 379                 if (buf) {
 380                         free(buf);
 381                         buf = 0;
 382                 }
 383                 return 0;
 384         }
 385         /* Allocate the zeroizing buffer if necessary */
 386         if (!buf) {
 387                 buf = malloc(fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
 388                 if (!buf) {
 389                         com_err("malloc", ENOMEM,
 390                                 _("while allocating zeroizing buffer"));
 391                         exit(1);
 392                 }
 393                 memset(buf, 0, fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
 394         }
 395         /* OK, do the write loop */
 396         next_update = 0;
 397         next_update_incr = num / 100;
 398         if (next_update_incr < 1)
 399                 next_update_incr = 1;
 400         for (j=0; j < num; j += STRIDE_LENGTH, blk += STRIDE_LENGTH) {
 401                 if (num-j > STRIDE_LENGTH)
 402                         count = STRIDE_LENGTH;
 403                 else
 404                         count = num - j;
 405                 retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, blk, count, buf);
 406                 if (retval) {
 407                         if (ret_count)
 408                                 *ret_count = count;
 409                         if (ret_blk)
 410                                 *ret_blk = blk;
 411                         return retval;
 412                 }
 413                 if (progress && j > next_update) {
 414                         next_update += num / 100;
 415                         progress_update(progress, blk);
 416                 }
 417         }
 418         return 0;
 419 }
 420
 421 static void write_inode_tables(ext2_filsys fs)
 422 {
 423         errcode_t       retval;
 424         blk_t           blk;
 425         int             i, num;
 426         struct progress_struct progress;
 427
 428         if (quiet)
 429                 memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
 430         else
 431                 progress_init(&progress, _("Writing inode tables: "),
 432                               fs->group_desc_count);
 433
 434         for (i = 0; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 435                 progress_update(&progress, i);
 436
 437                 blk = fs->group_desc[i].bg_inode_table;
 438                 num = fs->inode_blocks_per_group;
 439
 440                 retval = zero_blocks(fs, blk, num, 0, &blk, &num);
 441                 if (retval) {
 442                         printf(_("\nCould not write %d blocks "
 443                                  "in inode table starting at %d: %s\n"),
 444                                num, blk, error_message(retval));
 445                         exit(1);
 446                 }
 447                 if (sync_kludge) {
 448                         if (sync_kludge == 1)
 449                                 sync();
 450                         else if ((i % sync_kludge) == 0)
 451                                 sync();
 452                 }
 453         }
 454         zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 455         progress_close(&progress);
 456 }
 457
 458 static void create_root_dir(ext2_filsys fs)
 459 {
 460         errcode_t       retval;
 461         struct ext2_inode       inode;
 462
 463         retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0);
 464         if (retval) {
 465                 com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval, _("while creating root dir"));
 466                 exit(1);
 467         }
 468         if (geteuid()) {
 469                 retval = ext2fs_read_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
 470                 if (retval) {
 471                         com_err("ext2fs_read_inode", retval,
 472                                 _("while reading root inode"));
 473                         exit(1);
 474                 }
 475                 inode.i_uid = getuid();
 476                 if (inode.i_uid)
 477                         inode.i_gid = getgid();
 478                 retval = ext2fs_write_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
 479                 if (retval) {
 480                         com_err("ext2fs_write_inode", retval,
 481                                 _("while setting root inode ownership"));
 482                         exit(1);
 483                 }
 484         }
 485 }
 486
 487 static void create_lost_and_found(ext2_filsys fs)
 488 {
 489         errcode_t               retval;
 490         ext2_ino_t              ino;
 491         const char              *name = "lost+found";
 492         int                     i;
 493         int                     lpf_size = 0;
 494
 495         retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0, name);
 496         if (retval) {
 497                 com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval,
 498                         _("while creating /lost+found"));
 499                 exit(1);
 500         }
 501
 502         retval = ext2fs_lookup(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, name, strlen(name), 0, &ino);
 503         if (retval) {
 504                 com_err("ext2_lookup", retval,
 505                         _("while looking up /lost+found"));
 506                 exit(1);
 507         }
 508
 509         for (i=1; i < EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS; i++) {
 510                 if ((lpf_size += fs->blocksize) >= 16*1024)
 511                         break;
 512                 retval = ext2fs_expand_dir(fs, ino);
 513                 if (retval) {
 514                         com_err("ext2fs_expand_dir", retval,
 515                                 _("while expanding /lost+found"));
 516                         exit(1);
 517                 }
 518         }
 519 }
 520
 521 static void create_bad_block_inode(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
 522 {
 523         errcode_t       retval;
 524
 525         ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, EXT2_BAD_INO);
 526         fs->group_desc[0].bg_free_inodes_count--;
 527         fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
 528         retval = ext2fs_update_bb_inode(fs, bb_list);
 529         if (retval) {
 530                 com_err("ext2fs_update_bb_inode", retval,
 531                         _("while setting bad block inode"));
 532                 exit(1);
 533         }
 534
 535 }
 536
 537 static void reserve_inodes(ext2_filsys fs)
 538 {
 539         ext2_ino_t      i;
 540         int             group;
 541
 542         for (i = EXT2_ROOT_INO + 1; i < EXT2_FIRST_INODE(fs->super); i++) {
 543                 ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, i);
 544                 group = ext2fs_group_of_ino(fs, i);
 545                 fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_inodes_count--;
 546                 fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
 547         }
 548         ext2fs_mark_ib_dirty(fs);
 549 }
 550
 551 static void zap_sector(ext2_filsys fs, int sect)
 552 {
 553         char buf[512];
 554         int retval;
 555
 556         memset(buf, 0, 512);
 557
 558         io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, 512);
 559         retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, sect, -512, buf);
 560         io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, fs->blocksize);
 561         if (retval)
 562                 printf(_("Warning: could not erase sector %d: %s\n"), sect,
 563                        error_message(retval));
 564 }
 565
 566 static void create_journal_dev(ext2_filsys fs)
 567 {
 568         struct progress_struct progress;
 569         errcode_t               retval;
 570         char                    *buf;
 571         blk_t                   blk;
 572         int                     count;
 573
 574         retval = ext2fs_create_journal_superblock(fs,
 575                                   fs->super->s_blocks_count, 0, &buf);
 576         if (retval) {
 577                 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
 578                         _("while initializing journal superblock"));
 579                 exit(1);
 580         }
 581         if (quiet)
 582                 memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
 583         else
 584                 progress_init(&progress, _("Zeroing journal device: "),
 585                               fs->super->s_blocks_count);
 586
 587         retval = zero_blocks(fs, 0, fs->super->s_blocks_count,
 588                              &progress, &blk, &count);
 589         if (retval) {
 590                 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
 591                         _("while zeroing journal device (block %u, count %d)"),
 592                         blk, count);
 593                 exit(1);
 594         }
 595         zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 596
 597         retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io,
 598                                       fs->super->s_first_data_block+1,
 599                                       1, buf);
 600         if (retval) {
 601                 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
 602                         _("while writing journal superblock"));
 603                 exit(1);
 604         }
 605         progress_close(&progress);
 606 }
 607
 608 static void show_stats(ext2_filsys fs)
 609 {
 610         struct ext2_super_block *s = fs->super;
 611         char                    buf[80];
 612         blk_t                   group_block;
 613         int                     i, need, col_left;
 614
 615         if (param.s_blocks_count != s->s_blocks_count)
 616                 printf(_("warning: %d blocks unused.\n\n"),
 617                        param.s_blocks_count - s->s_blocks_count);
 618
 619         memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
 620         strncpy(buf, s->s_volume_name, sizeof(s->s_volume_name));
 621         printf(_("Filesystem label=%s\n"), buf);
 622         printf(_("OS type: "));
 623         switch (fs->super->s_creator_os) {
 624             case EXT2_OS_LINUX: printf ("Linux"); break;
 625             case EXT2_OS_HURD:  printf ("GNU/Hurd");   break;
 626             case EXT2_OS_MASIX: printf ("Masix"); break;
 627             default:            printf (_("(unknown os)"));
 628         }
 629         printf("\n");
 630         printf(_("Block size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->blocksize,
 631                 s->s_log_block_size);
 632         printf(_("Fragment size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->fragsize,
 633                 s->s_log_frag_size);
 634         printf(_("%u inodes, %u blocks\n"), s->s_inodes_count,
 635                s->s_blocks_count);
 636         printf(_("%u blocks (%2.2f%%) reserved for the super user\n"),
 637                 s->s_r_blocks_count,
 638                100.0 * s->s_r_blocks_count / s->s_blocks_count);
 639         printf(_("First data block=%u\n"), s->s_first_data_block);
 640         if (fs->group_desc_count > 1)
 641                 printf(_("%u block groups\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
 642         else
 643                 printf(_("%u block group\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
 644         printf(_("%u blocks per group, %u fragments per group\n"),
 645                s->s_blocks_per_group, s->s_frags_per_group);
 646         printf(_("%u inodes per group\n"), s->s_inodes_per_group);
 647
 648         if (fs->group_desc_count == 1) {
 649                 printf("\n");
 650                 return;
 651         }
 652
 653         printf(_("Superblock backups stored on blocks: "));
 654         group_block = s->s_first_data_block;
 655         col_left = 0;
 656         for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 657                 group_block += s->s_blocks_per_group;
 658                 if (!ext2fs_bg_has_super(fs, i))
 659                         continue;
 660                 if (i != 1)
 661                         printf(", ");
 662                 need = int_log10(group_block) + 2;
 663                 if (need > col_left) {
 664                         printf("\n\t");
 665                         col_left = 72;
 666                 }
 667                 col_left -= need;
 668                 printf("%u", group_block);
 669         }
 670         printf("\n\n");
 671 }
 672
 673 /*
 674  * Set the S_CREATOR_OS field.  Return true if OS is known,
 675  * otherwise, 0.
 676  */
 677 static int set_os(struct ext2_super_block *sb, char *os)
 678 {
 679         if (isdigit (*os))
 680                 sb->s_creator_os = atoi (os);
 681         else if (strcasecmp(os, "linux") == 0)
 682                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_LINUX;
 683         else if (strcasecmp(os, "GNU") == 0 || strcasecmp(os, "hurd") == 0)
 684                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_HURD;
 685         else if (strcasecmp(os, "masix") == 0)
 686                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_MASIX;
 687         else
 688                 return 0;
 689         return 1;
 690 }
 691
 692 #define PATH_SET "PATH=/sbin"
 693
 694 static void parse_raid_opts(const char *opts)
 695 {
 696         char    *buf, *token, *next, *p, *arg;
 697         int     len;
 698         int     raid_usage = 0;
 699
 700         len = strlen(opts);
 701         buf = malloc(len+1);
 702         if (!buf) {
 703                 fprintf(stderr, _("Couldn't allocate memory to parse "
 704                         "raid options!\n"));
 705                 exit(1);
 706         }
 707         strcpy(buf, opts);
 708         for (token = buf; token && *token; token = next) {
 709                 p = strchr(token, ',');
 710                 next = 0;
 711                 if (p) {
 712                         *p = 0;
 713                         next = p+1;
 714                 }
 715                 arg = strchr(token, '=');
 716                 if (arg) {
 717                         *arg = 0;
 718                         arg++;
 719                 }
 720                 if (strcmp(token, "stride") == 0) {
 721                         if (!arg) {
 722                                 raid_usage++;
 723                                 continue;
 724                         }
 725                         fs_stride = strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
 726                         if (*p || (fs_stride == 0)) {
 727                                 fprintf(stderr,
 728                                         _("Invalid stride parameter.\n"));
 729                                 raid_usage++;
 730                                 continue;
 731                         }
 732                 } else
 733                         raid_usage++;
 734         }
 735         if (raid_usage) {
 736                 fprintf(stderr, _("\nBad raid options specified.\n\n"
 737                         "Raid options are separated by commas, "
 738                         "and may take an argument which\n"
 739                         "\tis set off by an equals ('=') sign.\n\n"
 740                         "Valid raid options are:\n"
 741                         "\tstride=<stride length in blocks>\n\n"));
 742                 exit(1);
 743         }
 744 }
 745
 746 static __u32 ok_features[3] = {
 747         EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL,        /* Compat */
 748         EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE|         /* Incompat */
 749                 EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV,
 750         EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER     /* R/O compat */
 751 };
 752
 753
 754 static void PRS(int argc, char *argv[])
 755 {
 756         int             c;
 757         int             size;
 758         char *          tmp;
 759         blk_t           group_blk_max = 8192;
 760         int             blocksize = 0;
 761         int             inode_ratio = 0;
 762         int             reserved_ratio = 5;
 763         ext2_ino_t      num_inodes = 0;
 764         errcode_t       retval;
 765         int             sparse_option = 0;
 766         char *          oldpath = getenv("PATH");
 767         char *          raid_opts = 0;
 768         char *          fs_type = 0;
 769         const char *    feature_set = "sparse_super,filetype";
 770         blk_t           dev_size;
 771 #ifdef linux
 772         struct          utsname ut;
 773 #endif
 774
 775         /* Update our PATH to include /sbin  */
 776         if (oldpath) {
 777                 char *newpath;
 778
 779                 newpath = malloc(sizeof (PATH_SET) + 1 + strlen (oldpath));
 780                 strcpy (newpath, PATH_SET);
 781                 strcat (newpath, ":");
 782                 strcat (newpath, oldpath);
 783                 putenv (newpath);
 784         } else
 785                 putenv (PATH_SET);
 786
 787         tmp = getenv("MKE2FS_SYNC");
 788         if (tmp)
 789                 sync_kludge = atoi(tmp);
 790
 791         setbuf(stdout, NULL);
 792         setbuf(stderr, NULL);
 793         initialize_ext2_error_table();
 794         memset(&param, 0, sizeof(struct ext2_super_block));
 795         param.s_rev_level = 1;  /* Create revision 1 filesystems now */
 796
 797 #ifdef linux
 798         if (uname(&ut)) {
 799                 perror("uname");
 800                 exit(1);
 801         }
 802         if ((ut.release[0] == '1') ||
 803             (ut.release[0] == '2' && ut.release[1] == '.' &&
 804              ut.release[2] < '2' && ut.release[3] == '.')) {
 805                 sparse_option = 0;
 806                 feature_set = NULL;
 807                 param.s_rev_level = 0;
 808         }
 809 #endif
 810         fprintf (stderr, _("mke2fs %s, %s for EXT2 FS %s, %s\n"),
 811                  E2FSPROGS_VERSION, E2FSPROGS_DATE,
 812                  EXT2FS_VERSION, EXT2FS_DATE);
 813         if (argc && *argv)
 814                 program_name = *argv;
 815         while ((c = getopt (argc, argv,
 816                     "b:cf:g:i:jl:m:no:qr:R:s:tvI:J:ST:FL:M:N:O:V")) != EOF)
 817                 switch (c) {
 818                 case 'b':
 819                         blocksize = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 820                         if (blocksize < 1024 || blocksize > 4096 || *tmp) {
 821                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 822                                         _("bad block size - %s"), optarg);
 823                                 exit(1);
 824                         }
 825                         param.s_log_block_size =
 826                                 int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 827                         group_blk_max = blocksize * 8;
 828                         break;
 829                 case 'c':       /* Check for bad blocks */
 830                 case 't':       /* deprecated */
 831                         cflag = 1;
 832                         break;
 833                 case 'f':
 834                         size = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 835                         if (size < 1024 || size > 4096 || *tmp) {
 836                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 837                                         _("bad fragment size - %s"),
 838                                         optarg);
 839                                 exit(1);
 840                         }
 841                         param.s_log_frag_size =
 842                                 int_log2(size >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 843                         printf(_("Warning: fragments not supported.  "
 844                                "Ignoring -f option\n"));
 845                         break;
 846                 case 'g':
 847                         param.s_blocks_per_group = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 848                         if (*tmp) {
 849                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 850                                         _("Illegal number for blocks per group"));
 851                                 exit(1);
 852                         }
 853                         if ((param.s_blocks_per_group % 8) != 0) {
 854                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 855                                 _("blocks per group must be multiple of 8"));
 856                                 exit(1);
 857                         }
 858                         break;
 859                 case 'i':
 860                         inode_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 861                         if (inode_ratio < 1024 || inode_ratio > 4096 * 1024 ||
 862                             *tmp) {
 863                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 864                                         _("bad inode ratio - %s"), optarg);
 865                                 exit(1);
 866                         }
 867                         break;
 868                 case 'J':
 869                         parse_journal_opts(optarg);
 870                         break;
 871                 case 'j':
 872                         param.s_feature_compat |=
 873                                 EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
 874                         if (!journal_size)
 875                                 journal_size = -1;
 876                         break;
 877                 case 'l':
 878                         bad_blocks_filename = malloc(strlen(optarg)+1);
 879                         if (!bad_blocks_filename) {
 880                                 com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
 881                                         _("in malloc for bad_blocks_filename"));
 882                                 exit(1);
 883                         }
 884                         strcpy(bad_blocks_filename, optarg);
 885                         break;
 886                 case 'm':
 887                         reserved_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 888                         if (reserved_ratio > 50 || *tmp) {
 889                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 890                                         _("bad reserved blocks percent - %s"),
 891                                         optarg);
 892                                 exit(1);
 893                         }
 894                         break;
 895                 case 'n':
 896                         noaction++;
 897                         break;
 898                 case 'o':
 899                         creator_os = optarg;
 900                         break;
 901                 case 'r':
 902                         param.s_rev_level = atoi(optarg);
 903                         if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV) {
 904                                 sparse_option = 0;
 905                                 feature_set = NULL;
 906                         }
 907                         break;
 908                 case 's':       /* deprecated */
 909                         sparse_option = atoi(optarg);
 910                         break;
 911 #ifdef EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV
 912                 case 'I':
 913                         param.s_inode_size = atoi(optarg);
 914                         break;
 915 #endif
 916                 case 'N':
 917                         num_inodes = atoi(optarg);
 918                         break;
 919                 case 'v':
 920                         verbose = 1;
 921                         break;
 922                 case 'q':
 923                         quiet = 1;
 924                         break;
 925                 case 'F':
 926                         force = 1;
 927                         break;
 928                 case 'L':
 929                         volume_label = optarg;
 930                         break;
 931                 case 'M':
 932                         mount_dir = optarg;
 933                         break;
 934                 case 'O':
 935                         feature_set = optarg;
 936                         break;
 937                 case 'R':
 938                         raid_opts = optarg;
 939                         break;
 940                 case 'S':
 941                         super_only = 1;
 942                         break;
 943                 case 'T':
 944                         fs_type = optarg;
 945                         break;
 946                 case 'V':
 947                         /* Print version number and exit */
 948                         fprintf(stderr, _("\tUsing %s\n"),
 949                                 error_message(EXT2_ET_BASE));
 950                         exit(0);
 951                 default:
 952                         usage();
 953                 }
 954         if (optind == argc)
 955                 usage();
 956         device_name = argv[optind];
 957         optind++;
 958         if (optind < argc) {
 959                 unsigned long tmp2  = strtoul(argv[optind++], &tmp, 0);
 960
 961                 if ((*tmp) || (tmp2 > 0xfffffffful)) {
 962                         com_err(program_name, 0, _("bad blocks count - %s"),
 963                                 argv[optind - 1]);
 964                         exit(1);
 965                 }
 966                 param.s_blocks_count = tmp2;
 967         }
 968         if (optind < argc)
 969                 usage();
 970
 971         if (raid_opts)
 972                 parse_raid_opts(raid_opts);
 973
 974         /*
 975          * If there's no blocksize specified and there is a journal
 976          * device, use it to figure out the blocksize
 977          */
 978         if (blocksize == 0 && journal_device) {
 979                 ext2_filsys     jfs;
 980
 981                 retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device,
 982                                      EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
 983                                      0, unix_io_manager, &jfs);
 984                 if (retval) {
 985                         com_err(program_name, retval,
 986                                 _("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
 987                                 journal_device);
 988                         exit(1);
 989                 }
 990                 blocksize = jfs->blocksize;
 991                 param.s_log_block_size =
 992                         int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 993                 ext2fs_close(jfs);
 994         }
 995
 996         /* Parse the user-supplied feature_set, if any. */
 997         if (feature_set && !strncasecmp(feature_set, "none", 4))
 998                 feature_set = NULL;
 999         if (feature_set && e2p_edit_feature(feature_set,
1000                                             &param.s_feature_compat,
1001                                             ok_features)) {
1002                 fprintf(stderr, _("Invalid filesystem option set: %s\n"),
1003                         feature_set);
1004                 exit(1);
1005         }
1006
1007         if (param.s_feature_incompat & EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1008                 if (!fs_type)
1009                         fs_type = "journal";
1010                 reserved_ratio = 0;
1011                 sparse_option = 0;
1012         }
1013         if (sparse_option)
1014                 param.s_feature_ro_compat |=
1015                         EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
1016
1017         if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV &&
1018             (param.s_feature_compat || param.s_feature_ro_compat ||
1019              param.s_feature_incompat))
1020                 param.s_rev_level = 1;  /* Create a revision 1 filesystem */
1021
1022         if (!force)
1023                 check_plausibility(device_name);
1024         check_mount(device_name, force, _("filesystem"));
1025
1026         param.s_log_frag_size = param.s_log_block_size;
1027
1028         if (noaction && param.s_blocks_count) {
1029                 dev_size = param.s_blocks_count;
1030                 retval = 0;
1031         } else
1032                 retval = ext2fs_get_device_size(device_name,
1033                                                 EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param),
1034                                                 &dev_size);
1035         if (retval && (retval != EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED)) {
1036                 com_err(program_name, retval,
1037                         _("while trying to determine filesystem size"));
1038                 exit(1);
1039         }
1040         if (!param.s_blocks_count) {
1041                 if (retval == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
1042                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1043                                 _("Couldn't determine device size; you "
1044                                 "must specify\nthe size of the "
1045                                 "filesystem\n"));
1046                         exit(1);
1047                 } else {
1048                         if (dev_size == 0) {
1049                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
1050                                 _("Device size reported to be zero.  "
1051                                   "Invalid partition specified, or\n\t"
1052                                   "partition table wasn't reread "
1053                                   "after running fdisk, due to\n\t"
1054                                   "a modified partition being busy "
1055                                   "and in use.  You may need to reboot\n\t"
1056                                   "to re-read your partition table.\n"
1057                                   ));
1058                                 exit(1);
1059                         }
1060                         param.s_blocks_count = dev_size;
1061                 }
1062
1063         } else if (!force && (param.s_blocks_count > dev_size)) {
1064                 com_err(program_name, 0,
1065                         _("Filesystem larger than apparent filesystem size."));
1066                 proceed_question();
1067         }
1068
1069         /*
1070          * If the user asked for HAS_JOURNAL, then make sure a journal
1071          * gets created.
1072          */
1073         if ((param.s_feature_compat & EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL) &&
1074             !journal_size)
1075                 journal_size = -1;
1076
1077         set_fs_defaults(fs_type, &param, blocksize, &inode_ratio);
1078
1079         if (param.s_blocks_per_group) {
1080                 if (param.s_blocks_per_group < 256 ||
1081                     param.s_blocks_per_group > group_blk_max || *tmp) {
1082                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1083                                 _("blocks per group count out of range"));
1084                         exit(1);
1085                 }
1086         }
1087
1088         /*
1089          * Calculate number of inodes based on the inode ratio
1090          */
1091         param.s_inodes_count = num_inodes ? num_inodes :
1092                 ((__u64) param.s_blocks_count * EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param))
1093                         / inode_ratio;
1094
1095         /*
1096          * Calculate number of blocks to reserve
1097          */
1098         param.s_r_blocks_count = (param.s_blocks_count * reserved_ratio) / 100;
1099
1100 }
1101
1102 int main (int argc, char *argv[])
1103 {
1104         errcode_t       retval = 0;
1105         ext2_filsys     fs;
1106         badblocks_list  bb_list = 0;
1107         int             journal_blocks;
1108         int             i, val;
1109
1110 #ifdef ENABLE_NLS
1111         setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
1112         bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
1113         textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
1114 #endif
1115         PRS(argc, argv);
1116
1117         /*
1118          * Initialize the superblock....
1119          */
1120         retval = ext2fs_initialize(device_name, 0, &param,
1121                                    unix_io_manager, &fs);
1122         if (retval) {
1123                 com_err(device_name, retval, _("while setting up superblock"));
1124                 exit(1);
1125         }
1126
1127         /*
1128          * Wipe out the old on-disk superblock
1129          */
1130         if (!noaction) {
1131                 zap_sector(fs, 2);
1132                 zap_sector(fs, 3);
1133         }
1134
1135         /*
1136          * Generate a UUID for it...
1137          */
1138         uuid_generate(fs->super->s_uuid);
1139
1140         /*
1141          * Add "jitter" to the superblock's check interval so that we
1142          * don't check all the filesystems at the same time.  We use a
1143          * kludgy hack of using the UUID to derive a random jitter value.
1144          */
1145         for (i = 0, val = 0 ; i < sizeof(fs->super->s_uuid); i++)
1146                 val += fs->super->s_uuid[i];
1147         fs->super->s_max_mnt_count += val % EXT2_DFL_MAX_MNT_COUNT;
1148
1149         /*
1150          * Override the creator OS, if applicable
1151          */
1152         if (creator_os && !set_os(fs->super, creator_os)) {
1153                 com_err (program_name, 0, _("unknown os - %s"), creator_os);
1154                 exit(1);
1155         }
1156
1157         /*
1158          * For the Hurd, we will turn off filetype since it doesn't
1159          * support it.
1160          */
1161         if (fs->super->s_creator_os == EXT2_OS_HURD)
1162                 fs->super->s_feature_incompat &=
1163                         ~EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE;
1164
1165         /*
1166          * Set the volume label...
1167          */
1168         if (volume_label) {
1169                 memset(fs->super->s_volume_name, 0,
1170                        sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1171                 strncpy(fs->super->s_volume_name, volume_label,
1172                         sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1173         }
1174
1175         /*
1176          * Set the last mount directory
1177          */
1178         if (mount_dir) {
1179                 memset(fs->super->s_last_mounted, 0,
1180                        sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1181                 strncpy(fs->super->s_last_mounted, mount_dir,
1182                         sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1183         }
1184
1185         if (!quiet || noaction)
1186                 show_stats(fs);
1187
1188         if (noaction)
1189                 exit(0);
1190
1191         if (fs->super->s_feature_incompat &
1192             EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1193                 create_journal_dev(fs);
1194                 ext2fs_close(fs);
1195                 exit(0);
1196         }
1197
1198         if (bad_blocks_filename)
1199                 read_bb_file(fs, &bb_list, bad_blocks_filename);
1200         if (cflag)
1201                 test_disk(fs, &bb_list);
1202
1203         handle_bad_blocks(fs, bb_list);
1204         fs->stride = fs_stride;
1205         retval = ext2fs_allocate_tables(fs);
1206         if (retval) {
1207                 com_err(program_name, retval,
1208                         _("while trying to allocate filesystem tables"));
1209                 exit(1);
1210         }
1211         if (super_only) {
1212                 fs->super->s_state |= EXT2_ERROR_FS;
1213                 fs->flags &= ~(EXT2_FLAG_IB_DIRTY|EXT2_FLAG_BB_DIRTY);
1214         } else {
1215                 int rsv = 65536 / EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(fs->super);
1216                 unsigned long blocks = fs->super->s_blocks_count;
1217                 unsigned long start = (blocks & ~(rsv - 1)) - rsv;
1218                 blk_t ret_blk;
1219
1220 #ifdef ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
1221                 zap_sector(fs, 0);
1222 #endif
1223                 /*
1224                  * Wipe out any old MD RAID (or other) metadata at the end
1225                  * of the device.  This will also verify that the device is
1226                  * as large as we think it is.
1227                  */
1228                 retval = zero_blocks(fs, start, blocks - start,
1229                                      NULL, &ret_blk, NULL);
1230                 if (retval) {
1231                         com_err(program_name, retval,
1232                                 _("zeroing block %u at end of filesystem"),
1233                                 ret_blk);
1234                         exit(1);
1235                 }
1236                 write_inode_tables(fs);
1237                 create_root_dir(fs);
1238                 create_lost_and_found(fs);
1239                 reserve_inodes(fs);
1240                 create_bad_block_inode(fs, bb_list);
1241         }
1242
1243         if (journal_device) {
1244                 ext2_filsys     jfs;
1245
1246                 if (!force)
1247                         check_plausibility(journal_device);
1248                 check_mount(journal_device, force, _("journal"));
1249
1250                 retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device, EXT2_FLAG_RW|
1251                                      EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
1252                                      fs->blocksize, unix_io_manager, &jfs);
1253                 if (retval) {
1254                         com_err(program_name, retval,
1255                                 _("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
1256                                 journal_device);
1257                         exit(1);
1258                 }
1259                 if (!quiet) {
1260                         printf(_("Adding journal to device %s: "),
1261                                journal_device);
1262                         fflush(stdout);
1263                 }
1264                 retval = ext2fs_add_journal_device(fs, jfs);
1265                 if(retval) {
1266                         com_err (program_name, retval,
1267                                  _("\n\twhile trying to add journal to device %s"),
1268                                  journal_device);
1269                         exit(1);
1270                 }
1271                 if (!quiet)
1272                         printf(_("done\n"));
1273                 ext2fs_close(jfs);
1274         } else if (journal_size) {
1275                 journal_blocks = figure_journal_size(journal_size, fs);
1276
1277                 if (!journal_blocks) {
1278                         fs->super->s_feature_compat &=
1279                                 ~EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
1280                         goto no_journal;
1281                 }
1282                 if (!quiet) {
1283                         printf(_("Creating journal (%d blocks): "),
1284                                journal_blocks);
1285                         fflush(stdout);
1286                 }
1287                 retval = ext2fs_add_journal_inode(fs, journal_blocks,
1288                                                   journal_flags);
1289                 if (retval) {
1290                         com_err (program_name, retval,
1291                                  _("\n\twhile trying to create journal"));
1292                         exit(1);
1293                 }
1294                 if (!quiet)
1295                         printf(_("done\n"));
1296         }
1297 no_journal:
1298
1299         if (!quiet)
1300                 printf(_("Writing superblocks and "
1301                        "filesystem accounting information: "));
1302         retval = ext2fs_flush(fs);
1303         if (retval) {
1304                 printf(_("\nWarning, had trouble writing out superblocks."));
1305         }
1306         if (!quiet) {
1307                 printf(_("done\n\n"));
1308                 print_check_message(fs);
1309         }
1310         ext2fs_close(fs);
1311         return 0;
1312 }