2 * mke2fs.c - Make a ext2fs filesystem.
4 * Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002,
5 * 2003, 2004, 2005 by Theodore Ts'o.
8 * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
13 /* Usage: mke2fs [options] device
15 * The device may be a block device or a image of one, but this isn't
16 * enforced (but it's not much fun on a character device :-).
25 #include <sys/utsname.h>
45 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
46 #include <sys/types.h>
48 #include "ext2fs/ext2_fs.h"
49 #include "et/com_err.h"
50 #include "uuid/uuid.h"
52 #include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
54 #include "../version.h"
55 #include "nls-enable.h"
57 #define STRIDE_LENGTH 8
63 extern int isatty(int);
64 extern FILE *fpopen(const char *cmd, const char *mode);
66 const char * program_name = "mke2fs";
67 const char * device_name /* = NULL */;
69 /* Command line options */
78 char *bad_blocks_filename;
81 struct ext2_super_block param;
86 int sync_kludge; /* Set using the MKE2FS_SYNC env. option */
88 int sys_page_size = 4096;
89 int linux_version_code = 0;
91 static void usage(void)
93 fprintf(stderr, _("Usage: %s [-c|-t|-l filename] [-b block-size] "
94 "[-f fragment-size]\n\t[-i bytes-per-inode] [-j] [-J journal-options]"
95 " [-N number-of-inodes]\n\t[-m reserved-blocks-percentage] "
96 "[-o creator-os] [-g blocks-per-group]\n\t[-L volume-label] "
97 "[-M last-mounted-directory] [-O feature[,...]]\n\t"
98 "[-r fs-revision] [-R options] [-qvSV] device [blocks-count]\n"),
103 static int int_log2(int arg)
115 static int int_log10(unsigned int arg)
124 static int parse_version_number(const char *s)
126 int major, minor, rev;
132 major = strtol(cp, &endptr, 10);
133 if (cp == endptr || *endptr != '.')
136 minor = strtol(cp, &endptr, 10);
137 if (cp == endptr || *endptr != '.')
140 rev = strtol(cp, &endptr, 10);
143 return ((((major * 256) + minor) * 256) + rev);
149 * This function sets the default parameters for a filesystem
151 * The type is specified by the user. The size is the maximum size
152 * (in megabytes) for which a set of parameters applies, with a size
153 * of zero meaning that it is the default parameter for the type.
154 * Note that order is important in the table below.
156 #define DEF_MAX_BLOCKSIZE -1
157 static char default_str[] = "default";
158 struct mke2fs_defaults {
164 { default_str, 0, 4096, 8192 },
165 { default_str, 512, 1024, 4096 },
166 { default_str, 3, 1024, 8192 },
167 { "journal", 0, 4096, 8192 },
168 { "news", 0, 4096, 4096 },
169 { "largefile", 0, 4096, 1024 * 1024 },
170 { "largefile4", 0, 4096, 4096 * 1024 },
174 static void set_fs_defaults(const char *fs_type,
175 struct ext2_super_block *super,
176 int blocksize, int sector_size,
181 struct mke2fs_defaults *p;
182 int use_bsize = 1024;
184 megs = super->s_blocks_count * (EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024) / 1024;
186 ratio = *inode_ratio;
188 fs_type = default_str;
189 for (p = settings; p->type; p++) {
190 if ((strcmp(p->type, fs_type) != 0) &&
191 (strcmp(p->type, default_str) != 0))
193 if ((p->size != 0) && (megs > p->size))
196 *inode_ratio = p->inode_ratio < blocksize ?
197 blocksize : p->inode_ratio;
198 use_bsize = p->blocksize;
200 if (blocksize <= 0) {
201 if (use_bsize == DEF_MAX_BLOCKSIZE) {
202 use_bsize = sys_page_size;
203 if ((linux_version_code < (2*65536 + 6*256)) &&
207 if (sector_size && use_bsize < sector_size)
208 use_bsize = sector_size;
209 if ((blocksize < 0) && (use_bsize < (-blocksize)))
210 use_bsize = -blocksize;
211 blocksize = use_bsize;
212 super->s_blocks_count /= blocksize / 1024;
214 super->s_log_frag_size = super->s_log_block_size =
215 int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
220 * Helper function for read_bb_file and test_disk
222 static void invalid_block(ext2_filsys fs EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)), blk_t blk)
224 fprintf(stderr, _("Bad block %u out of range; ignored.\n"), blk);
229 * Reads the bad blocks list from a file
231 static void read_bb_file(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list,
232 const char *bad_blocks_file)
237 f = fopen(bad_blocks_file, "r");
239 com_err("read_bad_blocks_file", errno,
240 _("while trying to open %s"), bad_blocks_file);
243 retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
246 com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
247 _("while reading in list of bad blocks from file"));
253 * Runs the badblocks program to test the disk
255 static void test_disk(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list)
261 sprintf(buf, "badblocks -b %d %s%s%s %d", fs->blocksize,
262 quiet ? "" : "-s ", (cflag > 1) ? "-w " : "",
263 fs->device_name, fs->super->s_blocks_count);
265 printf(_("Running command: %s\n"), buf);
268 com_err("popen", errno,
269 _("while trying to run '%s'"), buf);
272 retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
275 com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
276 _("while processing list of bad blocks from program"));
281 static void handle_bad_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
285 unsigned must_be_good;
287 badblocks_iterate bb_iter;
297 * The primary superblock and group descriptors *must* be
298 * good; if not, abort.
300 must_be_good = fs->super->s_first_data_block + 1 + fs->desc_blocks;
301 for (i = fs->super->s_first_data_block; i <= must_be_good; i++) {
302 if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list, i)) {
303 fprintf(stderr, _("Block %d in primary "
304 "superblock/group descriptor area bad.\n"), i);
305 fprintf(stderr, _("Blocks %d through %d must be good "
306 "in order to build a filesystem.\n"),
307 fs->super->s_first_data_block, must_be_good);
308 fputs(_("Aborting....\n"), stderr);
314 * See if any of the bad blocks are showing up in the backup
315 * superblocks and/or group descriptors. If so, issue a
316 * warning and adjust the block counts appropriately.
318 group_block = fs->super->s_first_data_block +
319 fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
321 for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
323 for (j=0; j < fs->desc_blocks+1; j++) {
324 if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list,
328 _("Warning: the backup superblock/group descriptors at block %d contain\n"
332 group = ext2fs_group_of_blk(fs, group_block+j);
333 fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_blocks_count++;
334 fs->super->s_free_blocks_count++;
337 group_block += fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
341 * Mark all the bad blocks as used...
343 retval = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list, &bb_iter);
345 com_err("ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin", retval,
346 _("while marking bad blocks as used"));
349 while (ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate(bb_iter, &blk))
350 ext2fs_mark_block_bitmap(fs->block_map, blk);
351 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
355 * These functions implement a generalized progress meter.
357 struct progress_struct {
364 static void progress_init(struct progress_struct *progress,
365 const char *label,__u32 max)
369 memset(progress, 0, sizeof(struct progress_struct));
374 * Figure out how many digits we need
377 sprintf(progress->format, "%%%dd/%%%dld", i, i);
378 memset(progress->backup, '\b', sizeof(progress->backup)-1);
379 progress->backup[sizeof(progress->backup)-1] = 0;
380 if ((2*i)+1 < (int) sizeof(progress->backup))
381 progress->backup[(2*i)+1] = 0;
384 progress->skip_progress = 0;
385 if (getenv("MKE2FS_SKIP_PROGRESS"))
386 progress->skip_progress++;
388 fputs(label, stdout);
392 static void progress_update(struct progress_struct *progress, __u32 val)
394 if ((progress->format[0] == 0) || progress->skip_progress)
396 printf(progress->format, val, progress->max);
397 fputs(progress->backup, stdout);
400 static void progress_close(struct progress_struct *progress)
402 if (progress->format[0] == 0)
404 fputs(_("done \n"), stdout);
409 * Helper function which zeros out _num_ blocks starting at _blk_. In
410 * case of an error, the details of the error is returned via _ret_blk_
411 * and _ret_count_ if they are non-NULL pointers. Returns 0 on
412 * success, and an error code on an error.
414 * As a special case, if the first argument is NULL, then it will
415 * attempt to free the static zeroizing buffer. (This is to keep
416 * programs that check for memory leaks happy.)
418 static errcode_t zero_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk, int num,
419 struct progress_struct *progress,
420 blk_t *ret_blk, int *ret_count)
422 int j, count, next_update, next_update_incr;
426 /* If fs is null, clean up the static buffer and return */
434 /* Allocate the zeroizing buffer if necessary */
436 buf = malloc(fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
438 com_err("malloc", ENOMEM,
439 _("while allocating zeroizing buffer"));
442 memset(buf, 0, fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
444 /* OK, do the write loop */
446 next_update_incr = num / 100;
447 if (next_update_incr < 1)
448 next_update_incr = 1;
449 for (j=0; j < num; j += STRIDE_LENGTH, blk += STRIDE_LENGTH) {
451 if (count > STRIDE_LENGTH)
452 count = STRIDE_LENGTH;
453 retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, blk, count, buf);
461 if (progress && j > next_update) {
462 next_update += num / 100;
463 progress_update(progress, blk);
469 static void write_inode_tables(ext2_filsys fs)
475 struct progress_struct progress;
478 memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
480 progress_init(&progress, _("Writing inode tables: "),
481 fs->group_desc_count);
483 for (i = 0; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
484 progress_update(&progress, i);
486 blk = fs->group_desc[i].bg_inode_table;
487 num = fs->inode_blocks_per_group;
489 retval = zero_blocks(fs, blk, num, 0, &blk, &num);
491 fprintf(stderr, _("\nCould not write %d blocks "
492 "in inode table starting at %d: %s\n"),
493 num, blk, error_message(retval));
497 if (sync_kludge == 1)
499 else if ((i % sync_kludge) == 0)
503 zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
504 progress_close(&progress);
507 static void create_root_dir(ext2_filsys fs)
510 struct ext2_inode inode;
512 retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0);
514 com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval, _("while creating root dir"));
518 retval = ext2fs_read_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
520 com_err("ext2fs_read_inode", retval,
521 _("while reading root inode"));
524 inode.i_uid = getuid();
526 inode.i_gid = getgid();
527 retval = ext2fs_write_new_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
529 com_err("ext2fs_write_inode", retval,
530 _("while setting root inode ownership"));
536 static void create_lost_and_found(ext2_filsys fs)
540 const char *name = "lost+found";
545 retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0, name);
547 com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval,
548 _("while creating /lost+found"));
552 retval = ext2fs_lookup(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, name, strlen(name), 0, &ino);
554 com_err("ext2_lookup", retval,
555 _("while looking up /lost+found"));
559 for (i=1; i < EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS; i++) {
560 if ((lpf_size += fs->blocksize) >= 16*1024)
562 retval = ext2fs_expand_dir(fs, ino);
564 com_err("ext2fs_expand_dir", retval,
565 _("while expanding /lost+found"));
571 static void create_bad_block_inode(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
575 ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, EXT2_BAD_INO);
576 fs->group_desc[0].bg_free_inodes_count--;
577 fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
578 retval = ext2fs_update_bb_inode(fs, bb_list);
580 com_err("ext2fs_update_bb_inode", retval,
581 _("while setting bad block inode"));
587 static void reserve_inodes(ext2_filsys fs)
592 for (i = EXT2_ROOT_INO + 1; i < EXT2_FIRST_INODE(fs->super); i++) {
593 ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, i);
594 group = ext2fs_group_of_ino(fs, i);
595 fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_inodes_count--;
596 fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
598 ext2fs_mark_ib_dirty(fs);
601 #define BSD_DISKMAGIC (0x82564557UL) /* The disk magic number */
602 #define BSD_MAGICDISK (0x57455682UL) /* The disk magic number reversed */
603 #define BSD_LABEL_OFFSET 64
605 static void zap_sector(ext2_filsys fs, int sect, int nsect)
611 buf = malloc(512*nsect);
613 printf(_("Out of memory erasing sectors %d-%d\n"),
614 sect, sect + nsect - 1);
619 /* Check for a BSD disklabel, and don't erase it if so */
620 retval = io_channel_read_blk(fs->io, 0, -512, buf);
623 _("Warning: could not read block 0: %s\n"),
624 error_message(retval));
626 magic = (unsigned int *) (buf + BSD_LABEL_OFFSET);
627 if ((*magic == BSD_DISKMAGIC) ||
628 (*magic == BSD_MAGICDISK))
633 memset(buf, 0, 512*nsect);
634 io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, 512);
635 retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, sect, -512*nsect, buf);
636 io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, fs->blocksize);
639 fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: could not erase sector %d: %s\n"),
640 sect, error_message(retval));
643 static void create_journal_dev(ext2_filsys fs)
645 struct progress_struct progress;
651 retval = ext2fs_create_journal_superblock(fs,
652 fs->super->s_blocks_count, 0, &buf);
654 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
655 _("while initializing journal superblock"));
659 memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
661 progress_init(&progress, _("Zeroing journal device: "),
662 fs->super->s_blocks_count);
664 retval = zero_blocks(fs, 0, fs->super->s_blocks_count,
665 &progress, &blk, &count);
667 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
668 _("while zeroing journal device (block %u, count %d)"),
672 zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
674 retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io,
675 fs->super->s_first_data_block+1,
678 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
679 _("while writing journal superblock"));
682 progress_close(&progress);
685 static void show_stats(ext2_filsys fs)
687 struct ext2_super_block *s = fs->super;
694 if (param.s_blocks_count != s->s_blocks_count)
695 fprintf(stderr, _("warning: %d blocks unused.\n\n"),
696 param.s_blocks_count - s->s_blocks_count);
698 memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
699 strncpy(buf, s->s_volume_name, sizeof(s->s_volume_name));
700 printf(_("Filesystem label=%s\n"), buf);
701 fputs(_("OS type: "), stdout);
702 os = e2p_os2string(fs->super->s_creator_os);
706 printf(_("Block size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->blocksize,
707 s->s_log_block_size);
708 printf(_("Fragment size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->fragsize,
710 printf(_("%u inodes, %u blocks\n"), s->s_inodes_count,
712 printf(_("%u blocks (%2.2f%%) reserved for the super user\n"),
714 100.0 * s->s_r_blocks_count / s->s_blocks_count);
715 printf(_("First data block=%u\n"), s->s_first_data_block);
716 if (s->s_reserved_gdt_blocks)
717 printf(_("Maximum filesystem blocks=%lu\n"),
718 (s->s_reserved_gdt_blocks + fs->desc_blocks) *
719 (fs->blocksize / sizeof(struct ext2_group_desc)) *
720 s->s_blocks_per_group);
721 if (fs->group_desc_count > 1)
722 printf(_("%u block groups\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
724 printf(_("%u block group\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
725 printf(_("%u blocks per group, %u fragments per group\n"),
726 s->s_blocks_per_group, s->s_frags_per_group);
727 printf(_("%u inodes per group\n"), s->s_inodes_per_group);
729 if (fs->group_desc_count == 1) {
734 printf(_("Superblock backups stored on blocks: "));
735 group_block = s->s_first_data_block;
737 for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
738 group_block += s->s_blocks_per_group;
739 if (!ext2fs_bg_has_super(fs, i))
743 need = int_log10(group_block) + 2;
744 if (need > col_left) {
749 printf("%u", group_block);
755 * Set the S_CREATOR_OS field. Return true if OS is known,
758 static int set_os(struct ext2_super_block *sb, char *os)
761 sb->s_creator_os = atoi (os);
762 else if (strcasecmp(os, "linux") == 0)
763 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_LINUX;
764 else if (strcasecmp(os, "GNU") == 0 || strcasecmp(os, "hurd") == 0)
765 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_HURD;
766 else if (strcasecmp(os, "masix") == 0)
767 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_MASIX;
768 else if (strcasecmp(os, "freebsd") == 0)
769 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_FREEBSD;
770 else if (strcasecmp(os, "lites") == 0)
771 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_LITES;
777 #define PATH_SET "PATH=/sbin"
779 static void parse_extended_opts(struct ext2_super_block *param,
782 char *buf, *token, *next, *p, *arg;
790 _("Couldn't allocate memory to parse options!\n"));
794 for (token = buf; token && *token; token = next) {
795 p = strchr(token, ',');
801 arg = strchr(token, '=');
806 if (strcmp(token, "stride") == 0) {
811 fs_stride = strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
812 if (*p || (fs_stride == 0)) {
814 _("Invalid stride parameter: %s\n"),
819 } else if (!strcmp(token, "resize")) {
820 unsigned long resize, bpg, rsv_groups;
821 unsigned long group_desc_count, desc_blocks;
822 unsigned int gdpb, blocksize;
830 resize = parse_num_blocks(arg,
831 param->s_log_block_size);
835 _("Invalid resize parameter: %s\n"),
840 if (resize <= param->s_blocks_count) {
842 _("The resize maximum must be greater "
843 "than the filesystem size.\n"));
848 blocksize = EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(param);
849 bpg = param->s_blocks_per_group;
852 gdpb = blocksize / sizeof(struct ext2_group_desc);
853 group_desc_count = (param->s_blocks_count +
855 desc_blocks = (group_desc_count +
857 rsv_groups = (resize + bpg - 1) / bpg;
858 rsv_gdb = (rsv_groups + gdpb - 1) / gdpb -
860 if (rsv_gdb > EXT2_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(param))
861 rsv_gdb = EXT2_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(param);
864 param->s_feature_compat |=
865 EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_RESIZE_INODE;
867 param->s_reserved_gdt_blocks = rsv_gdb;
873 fprintf(stderr, _("\nBad options specified.\n\n"
874 "Extended options are separated by commas, "
875 "and may take an argument which\n"
876 "\tis set off by an equals ('=') sign.\n\n"
877 "Valid extended options are:\n"
878 "\tstride=<stride length in blocks>\n"
879 "\tresize=<resize maximum size in blocks>\n\n"));
884 static __u32 ok_features[3] = {
885 EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL |
886 EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_RESIZE_INODE |
887 EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_DIR_INDEX, /* Compat */
888 EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE| /* Incompat */
889 EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV|
890 EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_META_BG,
891 EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER /* R/O compat */
895 static void PRS(int argc, char *argv[])
903 double reserved_ratio = 5.0;
905 int show_version_only = 0;
906 ext2_ino_t num_inodes = 0;
908 char * oldpath = getenv("PATH");
909 char * extended_opts = 0;
910 const char * fs_type = 0;
917 /* Update our PATH to include /sbin */
921 newpath = malloc(sizeof (PATH_SET) + 1 + strlen (oldpath));
922 strcpy (newpath, PATH_SET);
923 strcat (newpath, ":");
924 strcat (newpath, oldpath);
929 tmp = getenv("MKE2FS_SYNC");
931 sync_kludge = atoi(tmp);
933 /* Determine the system page size if possible */
935 #if (!defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) && defined(_SC_PAGE_SIZE))
936 #define _SC_PAGESIZE _SC_PAGE_SIZE
939 sysval = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
941 sys_page_size = sysval;
942 #endif /* _SC_PAGESIZE */
943 #endif /* HAVE_SYSCONF */
945 setbuf(stdout, NULL);
946 setbuf(stderr, NULL);
947 initialize_ext2_error_table();
948 memset(¶m, 0, sizeof(struct ext2_super_block));
949 param.s_rev_level = 1; /* Create revision 1 filesystems now */
950 param.s_feature_incompat |= EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE;
951 param.s_feature_ro_compat |= EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
953 param.s_feature_compat |= EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_DIR_INDEX;
961 linux_version_code = parse_version_number(ut.release);
962 if (linux_version_code && linux_version_code < (2*65536 + 2*256)) {
963 param.s_rev_level = 0;
964 param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
965 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
966 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
971 program_name = get_progname(*argv);
973 /* If called as mkfs.ext3, create a journal inode */
974 if (!strcmp(program_name, "mkfs.ext3"))
978 while ((c = getopt (argc, argv,
979 "b:cE:f:g:i:jl:m:no:qr:R:s:tvI:J:ST:FL:M:N:O:V")) != EOF) {
982 blocksize = strtol(optarg, &tmp, 0);
983 b = (blocksize > 0) ? blocksize : -blocksize;
984 if (b < EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE ||
985 b > EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE || *tmp) {
986 com_err(program_name, 0,
987 _("invalid block size - %s"), optarg);
990 if (blocksize > 4096)
991 fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: blocksize %d not "
992 "usable on most systems.\n"),
995 param.s_log_block_size =
996 int_log2(blocksize >>
997 EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
999 case 'c': /* Check for bad blocks */
1000 case 't': /* deprecated */
1004 size = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
1005 if (size < EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE ||
1006 size > EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE || *tmp) {
1007 com_err(program_name, 0,
1008 _("invalid fragment size - %s"),
1012 param.s_log_frag_size =
1013 int_log2(size >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
1014 fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: fragments not supported. "
1015 "Ignoring -f option\n"));
1018 param.s_blocks_per_group = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
1020 com_err(program_name, 0,
1021 _("Illegal number for blocks per group"));
1024 if ((param.s_blocks_per_group % 8) != 0) {
1025 com_err(program_name, 0,
1026 _("blocks per group must be multiple of 8"));
1031 inode_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
1032 if (inode_ratio < EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE ||
1033 inode_ratio > EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE * 1024 ||
1035 com_err(program_name, 0,
1036 _("invalid inode ratio %s (min %d/max %d)"),
1037 optarg, EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE,
1038 EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE);
1043 parse_journal_opts(optarg);
1046 param.s_feature_compat |=
1047 EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
1052 bad_blocks_filename = malloc(strlen(optarg)+1);
1053 if (!bad_blocks_filename) {
1054 com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
1055 _("in malloc for bad_blocks_filename"));
1058 strcpy(bad_blocks_filename, optarg);
1061 reserved_ratio = strtod(optarg, &tmp);
1062 if (reserved_ratio > 50 || *tmp) {
1063 com_err(program_name, 0,
1064 _("invalid reserved blocks percent - %s"),
1073 creator_os = optarg;
1076 param.s_rev_level = atoi(optarg);
1077 if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV) {
1078 param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
1079 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
1080 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
1083 case 's': /* deprecated */
1085 param.s_feature_ro_compat |=
1086 EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
1088 param.s_feature_ro_compat &=
1089 ~EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
1091 #ifdef EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV
1093 inode_size = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
1095 com_err(program_name, 0,
1096 _("invalid inode size - %s"), optarg);
1102 num_inodes = atoi(optarg);
1114 volume_label = optarg;
1120 if (!strcmp(optarg, "none")) {
1121 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
1122 param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
1123 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
1126 if (e2p_edit_feature(optarg,
1127 ¶m.s_feature_compat,
1130 _("Invalid filesystem option set: %s\n"), optarg);
1136 extended_opts = optarg;
1145 /* Print version number and exit */
1146 show_version_only++;
1152 if ((optind == argc) && !show_version_only)
1154 device_name = argv[optind++];
1156 if (!quiet || show_version_only)
1157 fprintf (stderr, "mke2fs %s (%s)\n", E2FSPROGS_VERSION,
1160 if (show_version_only) {
1161 fprintf(stderr, _("\tUsing %s\n"),
1162 error_message(EXT2_ET_BASE));
1167 * If there's no blocksize specified and there is a journal
1168 * device, use it to figure out the blocksize
1170 if (blocksize <= 0 && journal_device) {
1174 #ifdef CONFIG_TESTIO_DEBUG
1175 io_ptr = test_io_manager;
1176 test_io_backing_manager = unix_io_manager;
1178 io_ptr = unix_io_manager;
1180 retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device,
1181 EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
1184 com_err(program_name, retval,
1185 _("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
1189 if ((blocksize < 0) && (jfs->blocksize < (unsigned) (-blocksize))) {
1190 com_err(program_name, 0,
1191 _("Journal dev blocksize (%d) smaller than "
1192 "minimum blocksize %d\n"), jfs->blocksize,
1196 blocksize = jfs->blocksize;
1197 param.s_log_block_size =
1198 int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
1202 if (blocksize > sys_page_size) {
1204 com_err(program_name, 0,
1205 _("%d-byte blocks too big for system (max %d)"),
1206 blocksize, sys_page_size);
1209 fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: %d-byte blocks too big for system "
1210 "(max %d), forced to continue\n"),
1211 blocksize, sys_page_size);
1213 if ((blocksize > 4096) &&
1214 (param.s_feature_compat & EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL))
1215 fprintf(stderr, _("\nWarning: some 2.4 kernels do not support "
1216 "blocksizes greater than 4096\n\tusing ext3. "
1217 "Use -b 4096 if this is an issue for you.\n\n"));
1219 if (optind < argc) {
1220 param.s_blocks_count = parse_num_blocks(argv[optind++],
1221 param.s_log_block_size);
1222 if (!param.s_blocks_count) {
1223 com_err(program_name, 0, _("invalid blocks count - %s"),
1231 if (param.s_feature_incompat & EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1233 fs_type = "journal";
1235 param.s_feature_incompat = EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV;
1236 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
1237 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
1239 if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV &&
1240 (param.s_feature_compat || param.s_feature_ro_compat ||
1241 param.s_feature_incompat))
1242 param.s_rev_level = 1; /* Create a revision 1 filesystem */
1245 check_plausibility(device_name);
1246 check_mount(device_name, force, _("filesystem"));
1248 param.s_log_frag_size = param.s_log_block_size;
1250 if (noaction && param.s_blocks_count) {
1251 dev_size = param.s_blocks_count;
1255 retval = ext2fs_get_device_size(device_name,
1256 EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(¶m),
1258 if ((retval == EFBIG) &&
1260 (param.s_log_block_size == 0)) {
1261 param.s_log_block_size = 2;
1267 if (retval && (retval != EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED)) {
1268 com_err(program_name, retval,
1269 _("while trying to determine filesystem size"));
1272 if (!param.s_blocks_count) {
1273 if (retval == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
1274 com_err(program_name, 0,
1275 _("Couldn't determine device size; you "
1276 "must specify\nthe size of the "
1280 if (dev_size == 0) {
1281 com_err(program_name, 0,
1282 _("Device size reported to be zero. "
1283 "Invalid partition specified, or\n\t"
1284 "partition table wasn't reread "
1285 "after running fdisk, due to\n\t"
1286 "a modified partition being busy "
1287 "and in use. You may need to reboot\n\t"
1288 "to re-read your partition table.\n"
1292 param.s_blocks_count = dev_size;
1293 if (sys_page_size > EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(¶m))
1294 param.s_blocks_count &= ~((sys_page_size /
1295 EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(¶m))-1);
1298 } else if (!force && (param.s_blocks_count > dev_size)) {
1299 com_err(program_name, 0,
1300 _("Filesystem larger than apparent device size."));
1305 * If the user asked for HAS_JOURNAL, then make sure a journal
1308 if ((param.s_feature_compat & EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL) &&
1312 /* Set first meta blockgroup via an environment variable */
1313 /* (this is mostly for debugging purposes) */
1314 if ((param.s_feature_incompat & EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_META_BG) &&
1315 ((tmp = getenv("MKE2FS_FIRST_META_BG"))))
1316 param.s_first_meta_bg = atoi(tmp);
1318 /* Get the hardware sector size, if available */
1319 retval = ext2fs_get_device_sectsize(device_name, §or_size);
1321 com_err(program_name, retval,
1322 _("while trying to determine hardware sector size"));
1326 if ((tmp = getenv("MKE2FS_DEVICE_SECTSIZE")) != NULL)
1327 sector_size = atoi(tmp);
1329 set_fs_defaults(fs_type, ¶m, blocksize, sector_size, &inode_ratio);
1330 blocksize = EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(¶m);
1333 parse_extended_opts(¶m, extended_opts);
1335 /* Since sparse_super is the default, we would only have a problem
1336 * here if it was explicitly disabled.
1338 if ((param.s_feature_compat & EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_RESIZE_INODE) &&
1339 !(param.s_feature_ro_compat&EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER)) {
1340 com_err(program_name, 0,
1341 _("reserved online resize blocks not supported "
1342 "on non-sparse filesystem"));
1346 if (param.s_blocks_per_group) {
1347 if (param.s_blocks_per_group < 256 ||
1348 param.s_blocks_per_group > 8 * (unsigned) blocksize) {
1349 com_err(program_name, 0,
1350 _("blocks per group count out of range"));
1355 if (!force && param.s_blocks_count >= (1 << 31)) {
1356 com_err(program_name, 0,
1357 _("Filesystem too large. No more than 2**31-1 blocks\n"
1358 "\t (8TB using a blocksize of 4k) are currently supported."));
1363 if (inode_size < EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE ||
1364 inode_size > EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(¶m) ||
1365 inode_size & (inode_size - 1)) {
1366 com_err(program_name, 0,
1367 _("invalid inode size %d (min %d/max %d)"),
1368 inode_size, EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE,
1372 if (inode_size != EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE)
1373 fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: %d-byte inodes not usable "
1374 "on most systems\n"),
1376 param.s_inode_size = inode_size;
1380 * Calculate number of inodes based on the inode ratio
1382 param.s_inodes_count = num_inodes ? num_inodes :
1383 ((__u64) param.s_blocks_count * blocksize)
1387 * Calculate number of blocks to reserve
1389 param.s_r_blocks_count = (param.s_blocks_count * reserved_ratio) / 100;
1392 int main (int argc, char *argv[])
1394 errcode_t retval = 0;
1396 badblocks_list bb_list = 0;
1403 setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
1404 setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1405 bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
1406 textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
1410 #ifdef CONFIG_TESTIO_DEBUG
1411 io_ptr = test_io_manager;
1412 test_io_backing_manager = unix_io_manager;
1414 io_ptr = unix_io_manager;
1418 * Initialize the superblock....
1420 retval = ext2fs_initialize(device_name, 0, ¶m,
1423 com_err(device_name, retval, _("while setting up superblock"));
1428 * Wipe out the old on-disk superblock
1431 zap_sector(fs, 2, 6);
1434 * Generate a UUID for it...
1436 uuid_generate(fs->super->s_uuid);
1439 * Initialize the directory index variables
1441 fs->super->s_def_hash_version = EXT2_HASH_TEA;
1442 uuid_generate((unsigned char *) fs->super->s_hash_seed);
1445 * Add "jitter" to the superblock's check interval so that we
1446 * don't check all the filesystems at the same time. We use a
1447 * kludgy hack of using the UUID to derive a random jitter value.
1449 for (i = 0, val = 0 ; i < sizeof(fs->super->s_uuid); i++)
1450 val += fs->super->s_uuid[i];
1451 fs->super->s_max_mnt_count += val % EXT2_DFL_MAX_MNT_COUNT;
1454 * Override the creator OS, if applicable
1456 if (creator_os && !set_os(fs->super, creator_os)) {
1457 com_err (program_name, 0, _("unknown os - %s"), creator_os);
1462 * For the Hurd, we will turn off filetype since it doesn't
1465 if (fs->super->s_creator_os == EXT2_OS_HURD)
1466 fs->super->s_feature_incompat &=
1467 ~EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE;
1470 * Set the volume label...
1473 memset(fs->super->s_volume_name, 0,
1474 sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1475 strncpy(fs->super->s_volume_name, volume_label,
1476 sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1480 * Set the last mount directory
1483 memset(fs->super->s_last_mounted, 0,
1484 sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1485 strncpy(fs->super->s_last_mounted, mount_dir,
1486 sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1489 if (!quiet || noaction)
1495 if (fs->super->s_feature_incompat &
1496 EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1497 create_journal_dev(fs);
1498 exit(ext2fs_close(fs) ? 1 : 0);
1501 if (bad_blocks_filename)
1502 read_bb_file(fs, &bb_list, bad_blocks_filename);
1504 test_disk(fs, &bb_list);
1506 handle_bad_blocks(fs, bb_list);
1507 fs->stride = fs_stride;
1508 retval = ext2fs_allocate_tables(fs);
1510 com_err(program_name, retval,
1511 _("while trying to allocate filesystem tables"));
1515 fs->super->s_state |= EXT2_ERROR_FS;
1516 fs->flags &= ~(EXT2_FLAG_IB_DIRTY|EXT2_FLAG_BB_DIRTY);
1518 /* rsv must be a power of two (64kB is MD RAID sb alignment) */
1519 unsigned int rsv = 65536 / fs->blocksize;
1520 unsigned long blocks = fs->super->s_blocks_count;
1521 unsigned long start;
1524 #ifdef ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
1525 zap_sector(fs, 0, 2);
1529 * Wipe out any old MD RAID (or other) metadata at the end
1530 * of the device. This will also verify that the device is
1531 * as large as we think. Be careful with very small devices.
1533 start = (blocks & ~(rsv - 1));
1537 retval = zero_blocks(fs, start, blocks - start,
1538 NULL, &ret_blk, NULL);
1541 com_err(program_name, retval,
1542 _("while zeroing block %u at end of filesystem"),
1545 write_inode_tables(fs);
1546 create_root_dir(fs);
1547 create_lost_and_found(fs);
1549 create_bad_block_inode(fs, bb_list);
1550 if (fs->super->s_feature_compat &
1551 EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_RESIZE_INODE) {
1552 retval = ext2fs_create_resize_inode(fs);
1554 com_err("ext2fs_create_resize_inode", retval,
1555 _("while reserving blocks for online resize"));
1561 if (journal_device) {
1565 check_plausibility(journal_device);
1566 check_mount(journal_device, force, _("journal"));
1568 retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device, EXT2_FLAG_RW|
1569 EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
1570 fs->blocksize, unix_io_manager, &jfs);
1572 com_err(program_name, retval,
1573 _("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
1578 printf(_("Adding journal to device %s: "),
1582 retval = ext2fs_add_journal_device(fs, jfs);
1584 com_err (program_name, retval,
1585 _("\n\twhile trying to add journal to device %s"),
1590 printf(_("done\n"));
1592 free(journal_device);
1593 } else if (journal_size) {
1594 journal_blocks = figure_journal_size(journal_size, fs);
1596 if (!journal_blocks) {
1597 fs->super->s_feature_compat &=
1598 ~EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
1602 printf(_("Creating journal (%d blocks): "),
1606 retval = ext2fs_add_journal_inode(fs, journal_blocks,
1609 com_err (program_name, retval,
1610 _("\n\twhile trying to create journal"));
1614 printf(_("done\n"));
1619 printf(_("Writing superblocks and "
1620 "filesystem accounting information: "));
1621 retval = ext2fs_flush(fs);
1624 _("\nWarning, had trouble writing out superblocks."));
1627 printf(_("done\n\n"));
1628 if (!getenv("MKE2FS_SKIP_CHECK_MSG"))
1629 print_check_message(fs);
1631 val = ext2fs_close(fs);
1632 return (retval || val) ? 1 : 0;