misc/mke2fs.c

   1 /*
   2  * mke2fs.c - Make a ext2fs filesystem.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 Theodore Ts'o.
   5  *
   6  * %Begin-Header%
   7  * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
   8  * License.
   9  * %End-Header%
  10  */
  11
  12 /* Usage: mke2fs [options] device
  13  *
  14  * The device may be a block device or a image of one, but this isn't
  15  * enforced (but it's not much fun on a character device :-).
  16  */
  17
  18 #include <stdio.h>
  19 #include <string.h>
  20 #include <fcntl.h>
  21 #include <ctype.h>
  22 #include <time.h>
  23 #ifdef linux
  24 #include <sys/utsname.h>
  25 #endif
  26 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
  27 #include <getopt.h>
  28 #else
  29 extern char *optarg;
  30 extern int optind;
  31 #endif
  32 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
  33 #include <unistd.h>
  34 #endif
  35 #ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
  36 #include <stdlib.h>
  37 #endif
  38 #ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
  39 #include <errno.h>
  40 #endif
  41 #ifdef HAVE_MNTENT_H
  42 #include <mntent.h>
  43 #endif
  44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  45 #include <sys/types.h>
  46
  47 #include <linux/ext2_fs.h>
  48 #ifdef HAVE_LINUX_MAJOR_H
  49 #include <linux/major.h>
  50 #include <sys/stat.h>           /* Only need sys/stat.h for major nr test */
  51 #endif
  52
  53 #include "et/com_err.h"
  54 #include "uuid/uuid.h"
  55 #include "e2p/e2p.h"
  56 #include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
  57 #include "../version.h"
  58 #include "nls-enable.h"
  59
  60 /* Everything is STDC, these days */
  61 #define NOARGS void
  62
  63 #define STRIDE_LENGTH 8
  64
  65 #ifndef __sparc__
  66 #define ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
  67 #endif
  68
  69 extern int isatty(int);
  70 extern FILE *fpopen(const char *cmd, const char *mode);
  71
  72 const char * program_name = "mke2fs";
  73 const char * device_name = NULL;
  74
  75 /* Command line options */
  76 int     cflag = 0;
  77 int     verbose = 0;
  78 int     quiet = 0;
  79 int     super_only = 0;
  80 int     force = 0;
  81 int     noaction = 0;
  82 char    *bad_blocks_filename = 0;
  83 __u32   fs_stride = 0;
  84
  85 struct ext2_super_block param;
  86 char *creator_os = NULL;
  87 char *volume_label = NULL;
  88 char *mount_dir = NULL;
  89
  90 static void usage(NOARGS), check_plausibility(NOARGS), check_mount(NOARGS);
  91
  92 static void usage(NOARGS)
  93 {
  94         fprintf(stderr, _("Usage: %s [-c|-t|-l filename] [-b block-size] "
  95         "[-f fragment-size]\n\t[-i bytes-per-inode] "
  96         " [-N number-of-inodes]\n\t[-m reserved-blocks-percentage] "
  97         "[-o creator-os] [-g blocks-per-group]\n\t[-L volume-label] "
  98         "[-M last-mounted-directory] [-O feature[,...]]\n\t"
  99         "[-r fs-revision] [-R raid_opts] [-s sparse-super-flag]\n\t"
 100         "[-qvSV] device [blocks-count]\n"),
 101                 program_name);
 102         exit(1);
 103 }
 104
 105 static int int_log2(int arg)
 106 {
 107         int     l = 0;
 108
 109         arg >>= 1;
 110         while (arg) {
 111                 l++;
 112                 arg >>= 1;
 113         }
 114         return l;
 115 }
 116
 117 static int int_log10(unsigned int arg)
 118 {
 119         int     l;
 120
 121         for (l=0; arg ; l++)
 122                 arg = arg / 10;
 123         return l;
 124 }
 125
 126 static void proceed_question(NOARGS)
 127 {
 128         int c;
 129         char *short_yes = _("yY");
 130
 131         fflush(stdout);
 132         fflush(stderr);
 133         printf(_("Proceed anyway? (y,n) "));
 134         c = getchar();
 135         if (strchr(short_yes, (char) c))
 136                 exit(1);
 137 }
 138
 139 #ifndef SCSI_BLK_MAJOR
 140 #define SCSI_BLK_MAJOR(M)  ((M) == SCSI_DISK_MAJOR || (M) == SCSI_CDROM_MAJOR)
 141 #endif
 142
 143 static void check_plausibility(NOARGS)
 144 {
 145 #ifdef HAVE_LINUX_MAJOR_H
 146 #ifndef MAJOR
 147 #define MAJOR(dev)      ((dev)>>8)
 148 #define MINOR(dev)      ((dev) & 0xff)
 149 #endif
 150
 151         int val;
 152         struct stat s;
 153
 154         val = stat(device_name, &s);
 155
 156         if(val == -1) {
 157                 fprintf(stderr, _("Could not stat %s --- %s\n"),
 158                         device_name, error_message(errno));
 159                 if (errno == ENOENT)
 160                         fprintf(stderr, _("\nThe device apparently does "
 161                                "not exist; did you specify it correctly?\n"));
 162                 exit(1);
 163         }
 164         if(!S_ISBLK(s.st_mode)) {
 165                 printf(_("%s is not a block special device.\n"), device_name);
 166                 proceed_question();
 167                 return;
 168         } else if ((MAJOR(s.st_rdev) == HD_MAJOR &&
 169                     MINOR(s.st_rdev)%64 == 0) ||
 170                    (SCSI_BLK_MAJOR(MAJOR(s.st_rdev)) &&
 171                        MINOR(s.st_rdev)%16 == 0)) {
 172                 printf(_("%s is entire device, not just one partition!\n"),
 173                        device_name);
 174                 proceed_question();
 175         }
 176 #endif
 177 }
 178
 179 static void check_mount(NOARGS)
 180 {
 181         errcode_t       retval;
 182         int             mount_flags;
 183
 184         retval = ext2fs_check_if_mounted(device_name, &mount_flags);
 185         if (retval) {
 186                 com_err("ext2fs_check_if_mount", retval,
 187                         _("while determining whether %s is mounted."),
 188                         device_name);
 189                 return;
 190         }
 191         if (!(mount_flags & EXT2_MF_MOUNTED))
 192                 return;
 193
 194         fprintf(stderr, _("%s is mounted; "), device_name);
 195         if (force) {
 196                 fprintf(stderr, _("mke2fs forced anyway.  "
 197                         "Hope /etc/mtab is incorrect.\n"));
 198         } else {
 199                 fprintf(stderr, _("will not make a filesystem here!\n"));
 200                 exit(1);
 201         }
 202 }
 203
 204 /*
 205  * This function sets the default parameters for a filesystem
 206  *
 207  * The type is specified by the user.  The size is the maximum size
 208  * (in megabytes) for which a set of parameters applies, with a size
 209  * of zero meaning that it is the default parameter for the type.
 210  * Note that order is important in the table below.
 211  */
 212 static char default_str[] = "default";
 213 struct mke2fs_defaults {
 214         const char      *type;
 215         int             size;
 216         int             blocksize;
 217         int             inode_ratio;
 218 } settings[] = {
 219         { default_str, 0, 4096, 8192 },
 220         { default_str, 512, 1024, 4096 },
 221         { default_str, 3, 1024, 8192 },
 222         { "news", 0, 4096, 4096 },
 223         { 0, 0, 0, 0},
 224 };
 225
 226 static void set_fs_defaults(char *fs_type, struct ext2fs_sb *super,
 227                             int blocksize, int *inode_ratio)
 228 {
 229         int     megs;
 230         int     ratio = 0;
 231         struct mke2fs_defaults *p;
 232
 233         megs = (super->s_blocks_count * (EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024) /
 234                 1024);
 235         if (inode_ratio)
 236                 ratio = *inode_ratio;
 237         if (!fs_type)
 238                 fs_type = default_str;
 239         for (p = settings; p->type; p++) {
 240                 if ((strcmp(p->type, fs_type) != 0) &&
 241                     (strcmp(p->type, default_str) != 0))
 242                         continue;
 243                 if ((p->size != 0) &&
 244                     (megs > p->size))
 245                         continue;
 246                 if (ratio == 0)
 247                         *inode_ratio = p->inode_ratio;
 248                 if (blocksize == 0) {
 249                         super->s_log_frag_size = super->s_log_block_size =
 250                                 int_log2(p->blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 251                 }
 252         }
 253         if (blocksize == 0)
 254                 super->s_blocks_count /= EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024;
 255 }
 256
 257 /*
 258  * Helper function for read_bb_file and test_disk
 259  */
 260 static void invalid_block(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk)
 261 {
 262         printf(_("Bad block %u out of range; ignored.\n"), blk);
 263         return;
 264 }
 265
 266 /*
 267  * Reads the bad blocks list from a file
 268  */
 269 static void read_bb_file(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list,
 270                          const char *bad_blocks_file)
 271 {
 272         FILE            *f;
 273         errcode_t       retval;
 274
 275         f = fopen(bad_blocks_file, "r");
 276         if (!f) {
 277                 com_err("read_bad_blocks_file", errno,
 278                         _("while trying to open %s"), bad_blocks_file);
 279                 exit(1);
 280         }
 281         retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
 282         fclose (f);
 283         if (retval) {
 284                 com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
 285                         _("while reading in list of bad blocks from file"));
 286                 exit(1);
 287         }
 288 }
 289
 290 /*
 291  * Runs the badblocks program to test the disk
 292  */
 293 static void test_disk(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list)
 294 {
 295         FILE            *f;
 296         errcode_t       retval;
 297         char            buf[1024];
 298
 299         sprintf(buf, "badblocks -b %d %s%s %d", fs->blocksize,
 300                 quiet ? "" : "-s ", fs->device_name,
 301                 fs->super->s_blocks_count);
 302         if (verbose)
 303                 printf(_("Running command: %s\n"), buf);
 304         f = popen(buf, "r");
 305         if (!f) {
 306                 com_err("popen", errno,
 307                         _("while trying run '%s'"), buf);
 308                 exit(1);
 309         }
 310         retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
 311         pclose(f);
 312         if (retval) {
 313                 com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
 314                         _("while processing list of bad blocks from program"));
 315                 exit(1);
 316         }
 317 }
 318
 319 static void handle_bad_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
 320 {
 321         int                     i, j;
 322         int                     must_be_good;
 323         blk_t                   blk;
 324         badblocks_iterate       bb_iter;
 325         errcode_t               retval;
 326         blk_t                   group_block;
 327         int                     group;
 328         int                     group_bad;
 329
 330         if (!bb_list)
 331                 return;
 332
 333         /*
 334          * The primary superblock and group descriptors *must* be
 335          * good; if not, abort.
 336          */
 337         must_be_good = fs->super->s_first_data_block + 1 + fs->desc_blocks;
 338         for (i = fs->super->s_first_data_block; i <= must_be_good; i++) {
 339                 if (badblocks_list_test(bb_list, i)) {
 340                         fprintf(stderr, _("Block %d in primary "
 341                                 "superblock/group descriptor area bad.\n"), i);
 342                         fprintf(stderr, _("Blocks %d through %d must be good "
 343                                 "in order to build a filesystem.\n"),
 344                                 fs->super->s_first_data_block, must_be_good);
 345                         fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting....\n"));
 346                         exit(1);
 347                 }
 348         }
 349
 350         /*
 351          * See if any of the bad blocks are showing up in the backup
 352          * superblocks and/or group descriptors.  If so, issue a
 353          * warning and adjust the block counts appropriately.
 354          */
 355         group_block = fs->super->s_first_data_block +
 356                 fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
 357
 358         for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 359                 group_bad = 0;
 360                 for (j=0; j < fs->desc_blocks+1; j++) {
 361                         if (badblocks_list_test(bb_list, group_block +
 362                                                 j)) {
 363                                 if (!group_bad)
 364                                         fprintf(stderr,
 365 _("Warning: the backup superblock/group descriptors at block %d contain\n"
 366 "       bad blocks.\n\n"),
 367                                                 group_block);
 368                                 group_bad++;
 369                                 group = ext2fs_group_of_blk(fs, group_block+j);
 370                                 fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_blocks_count++;
 371                                 fs->super->s_free_blocks_count++;
 372                         }
 373                 }
 374                 group_block += fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
 375         }
 376
 377         /*
 378          * Mark all the bad blocks as used...
 379          */
 380         retval = badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list, &bb_iter);
 381         if (retval) {
 382                 com_err("badblocks_list_iterate_begin", retval,
 383                         _("while marking bad blocks as used"));
 384                 exit(1);
 385         }
 386         while (badblocks_list_iterate(bb_iter, &blk))
 387                 ext2fs_mark_block_bitmap(fs->block_map, blk);
 388         badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
 389 }
 390
 391 static void write_inode_tables(ext2_filsys fs)
 392 {
 393         errcode_t       retval;
 394         blk_t           blk;
 395         int             i, j, num, count;
 396         char            *buf;
 397         char            format[20], backup[80];
 398         int             sync_kludge = 0;
 399         char            *mke2fs_sync;
 400
 401         mke2fs_sync = getenv("MKE2FS_SYNC");
 402         if (mke2fs_sync)
 403                 sync_kludge = atoi(mke2fs_sync);
 404
 405         buf = malloc(fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
 406         if (!buf) {
 407                 com_err("malloc", ENOMEM,
 408                         _("while allocating zeroizing buffer"));
 409                 exit(1);
 410         }
 411         memset(buf, 0, fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
 412
 413         /*
 414          * Figure out how many digits we need
 415          */
 416         i = int_log10(fs->group_desc_count);
 417         sprintf(format, "%%%dd/%%%dld", i, i);
 418         memset(backup, '\b', sizeof(backup)-1);
 419         backup[sizeof(backup)-1] = 0;
 420         if ((2*i)+1 < sizeof(backup))
 421                 backup[(2*i)+1] = 0;
 422
 423         if (!quiet)
 424                 printf(_("Writing inode tables: "));
 425         for (i = 0; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 426                 if (!quiet)
 427                         printf(format, i, fs->group_desc_count);
 428
 429                 blk = fs->group_desc[i].bg_inode_table;
 430                 num = fs->inode_blocks_per_group;
 431
 432                 for (j=0; j < num; j += STRIDE_LENGTH, blk += STRIDE_LENGTH) {
 433                         if (num-j > STRIDE_LENGTH)
 434                                 count = STRIDE_LENGTH;
 435                         else
 436                                 count = num - j;
 437                         retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, blk, count, buf);
 438                         if (retval)
 439                                 printf(_("Warning: could not write %d blocks "
 440                                        "in inode table starting at %d: %s\n"),
 441                                        count, blk, error_message(retval));
 442                 }
 443                 if (!quiet)
 444                         fputs(backup, stdout);
 445                 if (sync_kludge) {
 446                         if (sync_kludge == 1)
 447                                 sync();
 448                         else if ((i % sync_kludge) == 0)
 449                                 sync();
 450                 }
 451         }
 452         free(buf);
 453         if (!quiet)
 454                 fputs(_("done                            \n"), stdout);
 455 }
 456
 457 static void create_root_dir(ext2_filsys fs)
 458 {
 459         errcode_t       retval;
 460         struct ext2_inode       inode;
 461
 462         retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0);
 463         if (retval) {
 464                 com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval, _("while creating root dir"));
 465                 exit(1);
 466         }
 467         if (geteuid()) {
 468                 retval = ext2fs_read_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
 469                 if (retval) {
 470                         com_err("ext2fs_read_inode", retval,
 471                                 _("while reading root inode"));
 472                         exit(1);
 473                 }
 474                 inode.i_uid = getuid();
 475                 if (inode.i_uid)
 476                         inode.i_gid = getgid();
 477                 retval = ext2fs_write_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
 478                 if (retval) {
 479                         com_err("ext2fs_write_inode", retval,
 480                                 _("while setting root inode ownership"));
 481                         exit(1);
 482                 }
 483         }
 484 }
 485
 486 static void create_lost_and_found(ext2_filsys fs)
 487 {
 488         errcode_t               retval;
 489         ino_t                   ino;
 490         const char              *name = "lost+found";
 491         int                     i;
 492         int                     lpf_size = 0;
 493
 494         retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0, name);
 495         if (retval) {
 496                 com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval,
 497                         _("while creating /lost+found"));
 498                 exit(1);
 499         }
 500
 501         retval = ext2fs_lookup(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, name, strlen(name), 0, &ino);
 502         if (retval) {
 503                 com_err("ext2_lookup", retval,
 504                         _("while looking up /lost+found"));
 505                 exit(1);
 506         }
 507
 508         for (i=1; i < EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS; i++) {
 509                 if ((lpf_size += fs->blocksize) >= 16*1024)
 510                         break;
 511                 retval = ext2fs_expand_dir(fs, ino);
 512                 if (retval) {
 513                         com_err("ext2fs_expand_dir", retval,
 514                                 _("while expanding /lost+found"));
 515                         exit(1);
 516                 }
 517         }
 518 }
 519
 520 static void create_bad_block_inode(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
 521 {
 522         errcode_t       retval;
 523
 524         ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, EXT2_BAD_INO);
 525         fs->group_desc[0].bg_free_inodes_count--;
 526         fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
 527         retval = ext2fs_update_bb_inode(fs, bb_list);
 528         if (retval) {
 529                 com_err("ext2fs_update_bb_inode", retval,
 530                         _("while setting bad block inode"));
 531                 exit(1);
 532         }
 533
 534 }
 535
 536 static void reserve_inodes(ext2_filsys fs)
 537 {
 538         ino_t   i;
 539         int     group;
 540
 541         for (i = EXT2_ROOT_INO + 1; i < EXT2_FIRST_INODE(fs->super); i++) {
 542                 ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, i);
 543                 group = ext2fs_group_of_ino(fs, i);
 544                 fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_inodes_count--;
 545                 fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
 546         }
 547         ext2fs_mark_ib_dirty(fs);
 548 }
 549
 550 #ifdef ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
 551 static void zap_bootblock(ext2_filsys fs)
 552 {
 553         char buf[512];
 554         int retval;
 555
 556         memset(buf, 0, 512);
 557
 558         retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, 0, -512, buf);
 559         if (retval)
 560                 printf(_("Warning: could not erase block 0: %s\n"),
 561                        error_message(retval));
 562 }
 563 #endif
 564
 565
 566 static void show_stats(ext2_filsys fs)
 567 {
 568         struct ext2fs_sb        *s = (struct ext2fs_sb *) fs->super;
 569         char                    buf[80];
 570         blk_t                   group_block;
 571         int                     i, need, col_left;
 572
 573         if (param.s_blocks_count != s->s_blocks_count)
 574                 printf(_("warning: %d blocks unused.\n\n"),
 575                        param.s_blocks_count - s->s_blocks_count);
 576
 577         memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
 578         strncpy(buf, s->s_volume_name, sizeof(s->s_volume_name));
 579         printf(_("Filesystem label=%s\n"), buf);
 580         printf(_("OS type: "));
 581         switch (fs->super->s_creator_os) {
 582             case EXT2_OS_LINUX: printf ("Linux"); break;
 583             case EXT2_OS_HURD:  printf ("GNU/Hurd");   break;
 584             case EXT2_OS_MASIX: printf ("Masix"); break;
 585             default:            printf (_("(unknown os)"));
 586         }
 587         printf("\n");
 588         printf(_("Block size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->blocksize,
 589                 s->s_log_block_size);
 590         printf(_("Fragment size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->fragsize,
 591                 s->s_log_frag_size);
 592         printf(_("%u inodes, %u blocks\n"), s->s_inodes_count,
 593                s->s_blocks_count);
 594         printf(_("%u blocks (%2.2f%%) reserved for the super user\n"),
 595                 s->s_r_blocks_count,
 596                100.0 * s->s_r_blocks_count / s->s_blocks_count);
 597         printf(_("First data block=%u\n"), s->s_first_data_block);
 598         if (fs->group_desc_count > 1)
 599                 printf(_("%lu block groups\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
 600         else
 601                 printf(_("%lu block group\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
 602         printf(_("%u blocks per group, %u fragments per group\n"),
 603                s->s_blocks_per_group, s->s_frags_per_group);
 604         printf(_("%u inodes per group\n"), s->s_inodes_per_group);
 605
 606         if (fs->group_desc_count == 1) {
 607                 printf("\n");
 608                 return;
 609         }
 610
 611         printf(_("Superblock backups stored on blocks: "));
 612         group_block = s->s_first_data_block;
 613         col_left = 0;
 614         for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 615                 group_block += s->s_blocks_per_group;
 616                 if (!ext2fs_bg_has_super(fs, i))
 617                         continue;
 618                 if (i != 1)
 619                         printf(", ");
 620                 need = int_log10(group_block) + 2;
 621                 if (need > col_left) {
 622                         printf("\n\t");
 623                         col_left = 72;
 624                 }
 625                 col_left -= need;
 626                 printf("%u", group_block);
 627         }
 628         printf("\n\n");
 629 }
 630
 631 #ifndef HAVE_STRCASECMP
 632 static int strcasecmp (char *s1, char *s2)
 633 {
 634         while (*s1 && *s2) {
 635                 int ch1 = *s1++, ch2 = *s2++;
 636                 if (isupper (ch1))
 637                         ch1 = tolower (ch1);
 638                 if (isupper (ch2))
 639                         ch2 = tolower (ch2);
 640                 if (ch1 != ch2)
 641                         return ch1 - ch2;
 642         }
 643         return *s1 ? 1 : *s2 ? -1 : 0;
 644 }
 645 #endif
 646
 647 /*
 648  * Set the S_CREATOR_OS field.  Return true if OS is known,
 649  * otherwise, 0.
 650  */
 651 static int set_os(struct ext2_super_block *sb, char *os)
 652 {
 653         if (isdigit (*os))
 654                 sb->s_creator_os = atoi (os);
 655         else if (strcasecmp(os, "linux") == 0)
 656                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_LINUX;
 657         else if (strcasecmp(os, "GNU") == 0 || strcasecmp(os, "hurd") == 0)
 658                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_HURD;
 659         else if (strcasecmp(os, "masix") == 0)
 660                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_MASIX;
 661         else
 662                 return 0;
 663         return 1;
 664 }
 665
 666 #define PATH_SET "PATH=/sbin"
 667
 668 static void parse_raid_opts(const char *opts)
 669 {
 670         char    *buf, *token, *next, *p, *arg;
 671         int     len;
 672         int     raid_usage = 0;
 673
 674         len = strlen(opts);
 675         buf = malloc(len+1);
 676         if (!buf) {
 677                 fprintf(stderr, _("Couldn't allocate memory to parse "
 678                         "raid options!\n"));
 679                 exit(1);
 680         }
 681         strcpy(buf, opts);
 682         for (token = buf; token && *token; token = next) {
 683                 p = strchr(token, ',');
 684                 next = 0;
 685                 if (p) {
 686                         *p = 0;
 687                         next = p+1;
 688                 }
 689                 arg = strchr(token, '=');
 690                 if (arg) {
 691                         *arg = 0;
 692                         arg++;
 693                 }
 694                 if (strcmp(token, "stride") == 0) {
 695                         if (!arg) {
 696                                 raid_usage++;
 697                                 continue;
 698                         }
 699                         fs_stride = strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
 700                         if (*p || (fs_stride == 0)) {
 701                                 fprintf(stderr,
 702                                         _("Invalid stride parameter.\n"));
 703                                 raid_usage++;
 704                                 continue;
 705                         }
 706                 } else
 707                         raid_usage++;
 708         }
 709         if (raid_usage) {
 710                 fprintf(stderr, _("\nBad raid options specified.\n\n"
 711                         "Raid options are separated by commas, "
 712                         "and may take an argument which\n"
 713                         "\tis set off by an equals ('=') sign.\n\n"
 714                         "Valid raid options are:\n"
 715                         "\tstride=<stride length in blocks>\n\n"));
 716                 exit(1);
 717         }
 718 }
 719
 720 static __u32 ok_features[3] = {
 721         0,                                      /* Compat */
 722         EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE,         /* Incompat */
 723         EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER     /* R/O compat */
 724 };
 725
 726
 727 static void PRS(int argc, char *argv[])
 728 {
 729         int             c;
 730         int             size;
 731         char *          tmp;
 732         blk_t           max = 8192;
 733         int             blocksize = 0;
 734         int             inode_ratio = 0;
 735         int             reserved_ratio = 5;
 736         ino_t           num_inodes = 0;
 737         errcode_t       retval;
 738         int             sparse_option = 0;
 739         char *          oldpath = getenv("PATH");
 740         struct ext2fs_sb *param_ext2 = (struct ext2fs_sb *) &param;
 741         char *          raid_opts = 0;
 742         char *          fs_type = 0;
 743         const char *    feature_set = "filetype,sparse_super";
 744         blk_t           dev_size;
 745 #ifdef linux
 746         struct          utsname ut;
 747
 748         if (uname(&ut)) {
 749                 perror("uname");
 750                 exit(1);
 751         }
 752         if ((ut.release[0] == '1') ||
 753             (ut.release[0] == '2' && ut.release[1] == '.' &&
 754              ut.release[2] < '2' && ut.release[3] == '.'))
 755                 feature_set = 0;
 756 #endif
 757         /* Update our PATH to include /sbin  */
 758         if (oldpath) {
 759                 char *newpath;
 760
 761                 newpath = malloc(sizeof (PATH_SET) + 1 + strlen (oldpath));
 762                 strcpy (newpath, PATH_SET);
 763                 strcat (newpath, ":");
 764                 strcat (newpath, oldpath);
 765                 putenv (newpath);
 766         } else
 767                 putenv (PATH_SET);
 768
 769         setbuf(stdout, NULL);
 770         setbuf(stderr, NULL);
 771         initialize_ext2_error_table();
 772         memset(&param, 0, sizeof(struct ext2_super_block));
 773         param.s_rev_level = 1;  /* Create revision 1 filesystems now */
 774
 775         fprintf (stderr, _("mke2fs %s, %s for EXT2 FS %s, %s\n"),
 776                  E2FSPROGS_VERSION, E2FSPROGS_DATE,
 777                  EXT2FS_VERSION, EXT2FS_DATE);
 778         if (argc && *argv)
 779                 program_name = *argv;
 780         while ((c = getopt (argc, argv,
 781                     "b:cf:g:i:l:m:no:qr:R:s:tvI:ST:FL:M:N:O:V")) != EOF)
 782                 switch (c) {
 783                 case 'b':
 784                         blocksize = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 785                         if (blocksize < 1024 || blocksize > 4096 || *tmp) {
 786                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 787                                         _("bad block size - %s"), optarg);
 788                                 exit(1);
 789                         }
 790                         param.s_log_block_size =
 791                                 int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 792                         max = blocksize * 8;
 793                         break;
 794                 case 'c':
 795                 case 't':       /* Check for bad blocks */
 796                         cflag = 1;
 797                         break;
 798                 case 'f':
 799                         size = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 800                         if (size < 1024 || size > 4096 || *tmp) {
 801                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 802                                         _("bad fragment size - %s"),
 803                                         optarg);
 804                                 exit(1);
 805                         }
 806                         param.s_log_frag_size =
 807                                 int_log2(size >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 808                         printf(_("Warning: fragments not supported.  "
 809                                "Ignoring -f option\n"));
 810                         break;
 811                 case 'g':
 812                         param.s_blocks_per_group = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 813                         if (*tmp) {
 814                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 815                                         _("Illegal number for blocks per group"));
 816                                 exit(1);
 817                         }
 818                         if ((param.s_blocks_per_group % 8) != 0) {
 819                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 820                                 _("blocks per group must be multiple of 8"));
 821                                 exit(1);
 822                         }
 823                         break;
 824                 case 'i':
 825                         inode_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 826                         if (inode_ratio < 1024 || inode_ratio > 256 * 1024 ||
 827                             *tmp) {
 828                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 829                                         _("bad inode ratio - %s"), optarg);
 830                                 exit(1);
 831                         }
 832                         break;
 833                 case 'l':
 834                         bad_blocks_filename = malloc(strlen(optarg)+1);
 835                         if (!bad_blocks_filename) {
 836                                 com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
 837                                         _("in malloc for bad_blocks_filename"));
 838                                 exit(1);
 839                         }
 840                         strcpy(bad_blocks_filename, optarg);
 841                         break;
 842                 case 'm':
 843                         reserved_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 844                         if (reserved_ratio > 50 || *tmp) {
 845                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 846                                         _("bad reserved blocks percent - %s"),
 847                                         optarg);
 848                                 exit(1);
 849                         }
 850                         break;
 851                 case 'n':
 852                         noaction++;
 853                         break;
 854                 case 'o':
 855                         creator_os = optarg;
 856                         break;
 857                 case 'r':
 858                         param.s_rev_level = atoi(optarg);
 859                         break;
 860                 case 's':
 861                         sparse_option = atoi(optarg);
 862                         break;
 863 #ifdef EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV
 864                 case 'I':
 865                         param.s_inode_size = atoi(optarg);
 866                         break;
 867 #endif
 868                 case 'N':
 869                         num_inodes = atoi(optarg);
 870                         break;
 871                 case 'v':
 872                         verbose = 1;
 873                         break;
 874                 case 'q':
 875                         quiet = 1;
 876                         break;
 877                 case 'F':
 878                         force = 1;
 879                         break;
 880                 case 'L':
 881                         volume_label = optarg;
 882                         break;
 883                 case 'M':
 884                         mount_dir = optarg;
 885                         break;
 886                 case 'O':
 887                         feature_set = optarg;
 888                         break;
 889                 case 'R':
 890                         raid_opts = optarg;
 891                         break;
 892                 case 'S':
 893                         super_only = 1;
 894                         break;
 895                 case 'T':
 896                         fs_type = optarg;
 897                         break;
 898                 case 'V':
 899                         /* Print version number and exit */
 900                         fprintf(stderr, _("\tUsing %s\n"),
 901                                 error_message(EXT2_ET_BASE));
 902                         exit(0);
 903                 default:
 904                         usage();
 905                 }
 906         if (optind == argc)
 907                 usage();
 908         device_name = argv[optind];
 909         optind++;
 910         if (optind < argc) {
 911                 unsigned long tmp2  = strtoul(argv[optind++], &tmp, 0);
 912
 913                 if ((*tmp) || (tmp2 > 0xfffffffful)) {
 914                         com_err(program_name, 0, _("bad blocks count - %s"),
 915                                 argv[optind - 1]);
 916                         exit(1);
 917                 }
 918                 param.s_blocks_count = tmp2;
 919         }
 920         if (optind < argc)
 921                 usage();
 922
 923         if (raid_opts)
 924                 parse_raid_opts(raid_opts);
 925
 926         if (!force)
 927                 check_plausibility();
 928         check_mount();
 929
 930         param.s_log_frag_size = param.s_log_block_size;
 931
 932         if (noaction && param.s_blocks_count) {
 933                 dev_size = param.s_blocks_count;
 934                 retval = 0;
 935         } else
 936                 retval = ext2fs_get_device_size(device_name,
 937                                                 EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param),
 938                                                 &dev_size);
 939         if (retval && (retval != EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED)) {
 940                 com_err(program_name, retval,
 941                         _("while trying to determine filesystem size"));
 942                 exit(1);
 943         }
 944         if (!param.s_blocks_count) {
 945                 if (retval == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
 946                         com_err(program_name, 0,
 947                                 _("Couldn't determine device size; you "
 948                                 "must specify\nthe size of the "
 949                                 "filesystem\n"));
 950                         exit(1);
 951                 } else
 952                         param.s_blocks_count = dev_size;
 953         } else if (!force && (param.s_blocks_count > dev_size)) {
 954                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 955                         _("Filesystem larger than apparent filesystem size."));
 956                 proceed_question();
 957         }
 958
 959         set_fs_defaults(fs_type, param_ext2, blocksize, &inode_ratio);
 960
 961         if (param.s_blocks_per_group) {
 962                 if (param.s_blocks_per_group < 256 ||
 963                     param.s_blocks_per_group > max || *tmp) {
 964                         com_err(program_name, 0,
 965                                 _("blocks per group count out of range"));
 966                         exit(1);
 967                 }
 968         }
 969
 970         /*
 971          * Calculate number of inodes based on the inode ratio
 972          */
 973         param.s_inodes_count = num_inodes ? num_inodes :
 974                 ((__u64) param.s_blocks_count * EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param))
 975                         / inode_ratio;
 976
 977         /*
 978          * Calculate number of blocks to reserve
 979          */
 980         param.s_r_blocks_count = (param.s_blocks_count * reserved_ratio) / 100;
 981
 982 #ifdef EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER
 983         if (sparse_option)
 984                 param_ext2->s_feature_ro_compat |=
 985                         EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
 986 #endif
 987         if (feature_set && !strncasecmp(feature_set, "none", 4))
 988                 feature_set = 0;
 989         if (feature_set && e2p_edit_feature(feature_set,
 990                                             &param_ext2->s_feature_compat,
 991                                             ok_features)) {
 992                 fprintf(stderr, _("Invalid filesystem option set: %s\n"),
 993                         feature_set);
 994                 exit(1);
 995         }
 996 }
 997
 998 int main (int argc, char *argv[])
 999 {
1000         errcode_t       retval = 0;
1001         ext2_filsys     fs;
1002         badblocks_list  bb_list = 0;
1003         struct ext2fs_sb *s;
1004
1005 #ifdef ENABLE_NLS
1006         setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
1007         bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
1008         textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
1009 #endif
1010         PRS(argc, argv);
1011
1012         /*
1013          * Initialize the superblock....
1014          */
1015         retval = ext2fs_initialize(device_name, 0, &param,
1016                                    unix_io_manager, &fs);
1017         if (retval) {
1018                 com_err(device_name, retval, _("while setting up superblock"));
1019                 exit(1);
1020         }
1021
1022         /*
1023          * Generate a UUID for it...
1024          */
1025         s = (struct ext2fs_sb *) fs->super;
1026         uuid_generate(s->s_uuid);
1027
1028         /*
1029          * Override the creator OS, if applicable
1030          */
1031         if (creator_os && !set_os(fs->super, creator_os)) {
1032                 com_err (program_name, 0, _("unknown os - %s"), creator_os);
1033                 exit(1);
1034         }
1035
1036         /*
1037          * Set the volume label...
1038          */
1039         if (volume_label) {
1040                 memset(s->s_volume_name, 0, sizeof(s->s_volume_name));
1041                 strncpy(s->s_volume_name, volume_label,
1042                         sizeof(s->s_volume_name));
1043         }
1044
1045         /*
1046          * Set the last mount directory
1047          */
1048         if (mount_dir) {
1049                 memset(s->s_last_mounted, 0, sizeof(s->s_last_mounted));
1050                 strncpy(s->s_last_mounted, mount_dir,
1051                         sizeof(s->s_last_mounted));
1052         }
1053
1054         if (!quiet || noaction)
1055                 show_stats(fs);
1056
1057         if (noaction)
1058                 exit(0);
1059
1060         if (bad_blocks_filename)
1061                 read_bb_file(fs, &bb_list, bad_blocks_filename);
1062         if (cflag)
1063                 test_disk(fs, &bb_list);
1064
1065         handle_bad_blocks(fs, bb_list);
1066         fs->stride = fs_stride;
1067         retval = ext2fs_allocate_tables(fs);
1068         if (retval) {
1069                 com_err(program_name, retval,
1070                         _("while trying to allocate filesystem tables"));
1071                 exit(1);
1072         }
1073         if (super_only) {
1074                 fs->super->s_state |= EXT2_ERROR_FS;
1075                 fs->flags &= ~(EXT2_FLAG_IB_DIRTY|EXT2_FLAG_BB_DIRTY);
1076         } else {
1077                 write_inode_tables(fs);
1078                 create_root_dir(fs);
1079                 create_lost_and_found(fs);
1080                 reserve_inodes(fs);
1081                 create_bad_block_inode(fs, bb_list);
1082 #ifdef ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
1083                 zap_bootblock(fs);
1084 #endif
1085         }
1086
1087         if (!quiet)
1088                 printf(_("Writing superblocks and "
1089                        "filesystem accounting information: "));
1090         retval = ext2fs_flush(fs);
1091         if (retval) {
1092                 printf(_("\nWarning, had trouble writing out superblocks."));
1093         }
1094         if (!quiet)
1095                 printf(_("done\n"));
1096         ext2fs_close(fs);
1097         return 0;
1098 }