misc/mke2fs.c

   1 /*
   2  * mke2fs.c - Make a ext2fs filesystem.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 Theodore Ts'o.
   5  *
   6  * %Begin-Header%
   7  * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
   8  * License.
   9  * %End-Header%
  10  */
  11
  12 /* Usage: mke2fs [options] device
  13  *
  14  * The device may be a block device or a image of one, but this isn't
  15  * enforced (but it's not much fun on a character device :-).
  16  */
  17
  18 #include <stdio.h>
  19 #include <string.h>
  20 #include <fcntl.h>
  21 #include <ctype.h>
  22 #include <time.h>
  23 #ifdef linux
  24 #include <sys/utsname.h>
  25 #endif
  26 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
  27 #include <getopt.h>
  28 #else
  29 extern char *optarg;
  30 extern int optind;
  31 #endif
  32 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
  33 #include <unistd.h>
  34 #endif
  35 #ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
  36 #include <stdlib.h>
  37 #endif
  38 #ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
  39 #include <errno.h>
  40 #endif
  41 #ifdef HAVE_MNTENT_H
  42 #include <mntent.h>
  43 #endif
  44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  45 #include <sys/types.h>
  46
  47 #include "ext2fs/ext2_fs.h"
  48 #include "et/com_err.h"
  49 #include "uuid/uuid.h"
  50 #include "e2p/e2p.h"
  51 #include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
  52 #include "util.h"
  53 #include "../version.h"
  54 #include "nls-enable.h"
  55
  56 #define STRIDE_LENGTH 8
  57
  58 #ifndef __sparc__
  59 #define ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
  60 #endif
  61
  62 extern int isatty(int);
  63 extern FILE *fpopen(const char *cmd, const char *mode);
  64
  65 const char * program_name = "mke2fs";
  66 const char * device_name /* = NULL */;
  67
  68 /* Command line options */
  69 int     cflag;
  70 int     verbose;
  71 int     quiet;
  72 int     super_only;
  73 int     force;
  74 int     noaction;
  75 int     journal_size;
  76 int     journal_flags;
  77 char    *bad_blocks_filename;
  78 __u32   fs_stride;
  79
  80 struct ext2_super_block param;
  81 char *creator_os;
  82 char *volume_label;
  83 char *mount_dir;
  84 char *journal_device;
  85 int sync_kludge;        /* Set using the MKE2FS_SYNC env. option */
  86
  87 static void usage(void)
  88 {
  89         fprintf(stderr, _("Usage: %s [-c|-t|-l filename] [-b block-size] "
  90         "[-f fragment-size]\n\t[-i bytes-per-inode] [-j] [-J journal-options]"
  91         " [-N number-of-inodes]\n\t[-m reserved-blocks-percentage] "
  92         "[-o creator-os] [-g blocks-per-group]\n\t[-L volume-label] "
  93         "[-M last-mounted-directory] [-O feature[,...]]\n\t"
  94         "[-r fs-revision] [-R raid_opts] [-qvSV] device [blocks-count]\n"),
  95                 program_name);
  96         exit(1);
  97 }
  98
  99 static int int_log2(int arg)
 100 {
 101         int     l = 0;
 102
 103         arg >>= 1;
 104         while (arg) {
 105                 l++;
 106                 arg >>= 1;
 107         }
 108         return l;
 109 }
 110
 111 static int int_log10(unsigned int arg)
 112 {
 113         int     l;
 114
 115         for (l=0; arg ; l++)
 116                 arg = arg / 10;
 117         return l;
 118 }
 119
 120 /*
 121  * This function sets the default parameters for a filesystem
 122  *
 123  * The type is specified by the user.  The size is the maximum size
 124  * (in megabytes) for which a set of parameters applies, with a size
 125  * of zero meaning that it is the default parameter for the type.
 126  * Note that order is important in the table below.
 127  */
 128 static char default_str[] = "default";
 129 struct mke2fs_defaults {
 130         const char      *type;
 131         int             size;
 132         int             blocksize;
 133         int             inode_ratio;
 134 } settings[] = {
 135         { default_str, 0, 4096, 8192 },
 136         { default_str, 512, 1024, 4096 },
 137         { default_str, 3, 1024, 8192 },
 138         { "journal", 0, 4096, 8192 },
 139         { "news", 0, 4096, 4096 },
 140         { "largefile", 0, 4096, 1024 * 1024 },
 141         { "largefile4", 0, 4096, 4096 * 1024 },
 142         { 0, 0, 0, 0},
 143 };
 144
 145 static void set_fs_defaults(const char *fs_type,
 146                             struct ext2_super_block *super,
 147                             int blocksize, int *inode_ratio)
 148 {
 149         int     megs;
 150         int     ratio = 0;
 151         struct mke2fs_defaults *p;
 152
 153         megs = (super->s_blocks_count * (EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024) /
 154                 1024);
 155         if (inode_ratio)
 156                 ratio = *inode_ratio;
 157         if (!fs_type)
 158                 fs_type = default_str;
 159         for (p = settings; p->type; p++) {
 160                 if ((strcmp(p->type, fs_type) != 0) &&
 161                     (strcmp(p->type, default_str) != 0))
 162                         continue;
 163                 if ((p->size != 0) &&
 164                     (megs > p->size))
 165                         continue;
 166                 if (ratio == 0)
 167                         *inode_ratio = p->inode_ratio;
 168                 if (blocksize == 0) {
 169                         super->s_log_frag_size = super->s_log_block_size =
 170                                 int_log2(p->blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 171                 }
 172         }
 173         if (blocksize == 0)
 174                 super->s_blocks_count /= EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024;
 175 }
 176
 177 /*
 178  * Helper function for read_bb_file and test_disk
 179  */
 180 static void invalid_block(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk)
 181 {
 182         printf(_("Bad block %u out of range; ignored.\n"), blk);
 183         return;
 184 }
 185
 186 /*
 187  * Reads the bad blocks list from a file
 188  */
 189 static void read_bb_file(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list,
 190                          const char *bad_blocks_file)
 191 {
 192         FILE            *f;
 193         errcode_t       retval;
 194
 195         f = fopen(bad_blocks_file, "r");
 196         if (!f) {
 197                 com_err("read_bad_blocks_file", errno,
 198                         _("while trying to open %s"), bad_blocks_file);
 199                 exit(1);
 200         }
 201         retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
 202         fclose (f);
 203         if (retval) {
 204                 com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
 205                         _("while reading in list of bad blocks from file"));
 206                 exit(1);
 207         }
 208 }
 209
 210 /*
 211  * Runs the badblocks program to test the disk
 212  */
 213 static void test_disk(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list)
 214 {
 215         FILE            *f;
 216         errcode_t       retval;
 217         char            buf[1024];
 218
 219         sprintf(buf, "badblocks -b %d %s%s%s %d", fs->blocksize,
 220                 quiet ? "" : "-s ", (cflag > 1) ? "-w " : "",
 221                 fs->device_name, fs->super->s_blocks_count);
 222         if (verbose)
 223                 printf(_("Running command: %s\n"), buf);
 224         f = popen(buf, "r");
 225         if (!f) {
 226                 com_err("popen", errno,
 227                         _("while trying run '%s'"), buf);
 228                 exit(1);
 229         }
 230         retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
 231         pclose(f);
 232         if (retval) {
 233                 com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
 234                         _("while processing list of bad blocks from program"));
 235                 exit(1);
 236         }
 237 }
 238
 239 static void handle_bad_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
 240 {
 241         int                     i, j;
 242         int                     must_be_good;
 243         blk_t                   blk;
 244         badblocks_iterate       bb_iter;
 245         errcode_t               retval;
 246         blk_t                   group_block;
 247         int                     group;
 248         int                     group_bad;
 249
 250         if (!bb_list)
 251                 return;
 252
 253         /*
 254          * The primary superblock and group descriptors *must* be
 255          * good; if not, abort.
 256          */
 257         must_be_good = fs->super->s_first_data_block + 1 + fs->desc_blocks;
 258         for (i = fs->super->s_first_data_block; i <= must_be_good; i++) {
 259                 if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list, i)) {
 260                         fprintf(stderr, _("Block %d in primary "
 261                                 "superblock/group descriptor area bad.\n"), i);
 262                         fprintf(stderr, _("Blocks %d through %d must be good "
 263                                 "in order to build a filesystem.\n"),
 264                                 fs->super->s_first_data_block, must_be_good);
 265                         fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting....\n"));
 266                         exit(1);
 267                 }
 268         }
 269
 270         /*
 271          * See if any of the bad blocks are showing up in the backup
 272          * superblocks and/or group descriptors.  If so, issue a
 273          * warning and adjust the block counts appropriately.
 274          */
 275         group_block = fs->super->s_first_data_block +
 276                 fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
 277
 278         for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 279                 group_bad = 0;
 280                 for (j=0; j < fs->desc_blocks+1; j++) {
 281                         if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list,
 282                                                        group_block + j)) {
 283                                 if (!group_bad)
 284                                         fprintf(stderr,
 285 _("Warning: the backup superblock/group descriptors at block %d contain\n"
 286 "       bad blocks.\n\n"),
 287                                                 group_block);
 288                                 group_bad++;
 289                                 group = ext2fs_group_of_blk(fs, group_block+j);
 290                                 fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_blocks_count++;
 291                                 fs->super->s_free_blocks_count++;
 292                         }
 293                 }
 294                 group_block += fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
 295         }
 296
 297         /*
 298          * Mark all the bad blocks as used...
 299          */
 300         retval = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list, &bb_iter);
 301         if (retval) {
 302                 com_err("ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin", retval,
 303                         _("while marking bad blocks as used"));
 304                 exit(1);
 305         }
 306         while (ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate(bb_iter, &blk))
 307                 ext2fs_mark_block_bitmap(fs->block_map, blk);
 308         ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
 309 }
 310
 311 /*
 312  * These functions implement a generalized progress meter.
 313  */
 314 struct progress_struct {
 315         char            format[20];
 316         char            backup[80];
 317         __u32           max;
 318 };
 319
 320 static void progress_init(struct progress_struct *progress,
 321                           const char *label,__u32 max)
 322 {
 323         int     i;
 324
 325         memset(progress, 0, sizeof(struct progress_struct));
 326         if (quiet)
 327                 return;
 328
 329         /*
 330          * Figure out how many digits we need
 331          */
 332         i = int_log10(max);
 333         sprintf(progress->format, "%%%dd/%%%dld", i, i);
 334         memset(progress->backup, '\b', sizeof(progress->backup)-1);
 335         progress->backup[sizeof(progress->backup)-1] = 0;
 336         if ((2*i)+1 < sizeof(progress->backup))
 337                 progress->backup[(2*i)+1] = 0;
 338         progress->max = max;
 339
 340         fputs(label, stdout);
 341         fflush(stdout);
 342 }
 343
 344 static void progress_update(struct progress_struct *progress, __u32 val)
 345 {
 346         if (progress->format[0] == 0)
 347                 return;
 348         printf(progress->format, val, progress->max);
 349         fputs(progress->backup, stdout);
 350 }
 351
 352 static void progress_close(struct progress_struct *progress)
 353 {
 354         if (progress->format[0] == 0)
 355                 return;
 356         fputs(_("done                            \n"), stdout);
 357 }
 358
 359
 360 /*
 361  * Helper function which zeros out _num_ blocks starting at _blk_.  In
 362  * case of an error, the details of the error is returned via _ret_blk_
 363  * and _ret_count_ if they are non-NULL pointers.  Returns 0 on
 364  * success, and an error code on an error.
 365  *
 366  * As a special case, if the first argument is NULL, then it will
 367  * attempt to free the static zeroizing buffer.  (This is to keep
 368  * programs that check for memory leaks happy.)
 369  */
 370 static errcode_t zero_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk, int num,
 371                              struct progress_struct *progress,
 372                              blk_t *ret_blk, int *ret_count)
 373 {
 374         int             j, count, next_update, next_update_incr;
 375         static char     *buf;
 376         errcode_t       retval;
 377
 378         /* If fs is null, clean up the static buffer and return */
 379         if (!fs) {
 380                 if (buf) {
 381                         free(buf);
 382                         buf = 0;
 383                 }
 384                 return 0;
 385         }
 386         /* Allocate the zeroizing buffer if necessary */
 387         if (!buf) {
 388                 buf = malloc(fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
 389                 if (!buf) {
 390                         com_err("malloc", ENOMEM,
 391                                 _("while allocating zeroizing buffer"));
 392                         exit(1);
 393                 }
 394                 memset(buf, 0, fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
 395         }
 396         /* OK, do the write loop */
 397         next_update = 0;
 398         next_update_incr = num / 100;
 399         if (next_update_incr < 1)
 400                 next_update_incr = 1;
 401         for (j=0; j < num; j += STRIDE_LENGTH, blk += STRIDE_LENGTH) {
 402                 if (num-j > STRIDE_LENGTH)
 403                         count = STRIDE_LENGTH;
 404                 else
 405                         count = num - j;
 406                 retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, blk, count, buf);
 407                 if (retval) {
 408                         if (ret_count)
 409                                 *ret_count = count;
 410                         if (ret_blk)
 411                                 *ret_blk = blk;
 412                         return retval;
 413                 }
 414                 if (progress && j > next_update) {
 415                         next_update += num / 100;
 416                         progress_update(progress, blk);
 417                 }
 418         }
 419         return 0;
 420 }
 421
 422 static void write_inode_tables(ext2_filsys fs)
 423 {
 424         errcode_t       retval;
 425         blk_t           blk;
 426         int             i, num;
 427         struct progress_struct progress;
 428
 429         if (quiet)
 430                 memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
 431         else
 432                 progress_init(&progress, _("Writing inode tables: "),
 433                               fs->group_desc_count);
 434
 435         for (i = 0; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 436                 progress_update(&progress, i);
 437
 438                 blk = fs->group_desc[i].bg_inode_table;
 439                 num = fs->inode_blocks_per_group;
 440
 441                 retval = zero_blocks(fs, blk, num, 0, &blk, &num);
 442                 if (retval) {
 443                         printf(_("\nCould not write %d blocks "
 444                                  "in inode table starting at %d: %s\n"),
 445                                num, blk, error_message(retval));
 446                         exit(1);
 447                 }
 448                 if (sync_kludge) {
 449                         if (sync_kludge == 1)
 450                                 sync();
 451                         else if ((i % sync_kludge) == 0)
 452                                 sync();
 453                 }
 454         }
 455         zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 456         progress_close(&progress);
 457 }
 458
 459 static void create_root_dir(ext2_filsys fs)
 460 {
 461         errcode_t       retval;
 462         struct ext2_inode       inode;
 463
 464         retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0);
 465         if (retval) {
 466                 com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval, _("while creating root dir"));
 467                 exit(1);
 468         }
 469         if (geteuid()) {
 470                 retval = ext2fs_read_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
 471                 if (retval) {
 472                         com_err("ext2fs_read_inode", retval,
 473                                 _("while reading root inode"));
 474                         exit(1);
 475                 }
 476                 inode.i_uid = getuid();
 477                 if (inode.i_uid)
 478                         inode.i_gid = getgid();
 479                 retval = ext2fs_write_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
 480                 if (retval) {
 481                         com_err("ext2fs_write_inode", retval,
 482                                 _("while setting root inode ownership"));
 483                         exit(1);
 484                 }
 485         }
 486 }
 487
 488 static void create_lost_and_found(ext2_filsys fs)
 489 {
 490         errcode_t               retval;
 491         ext2_ino_t              ino;
 492         const char              *name = "lost+found";
 493         int                     i;
 494         int                     lpf_size = 0;
 495
 496         fs->umask = 077;
 497         retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0, name);
 498         if (retval) {
 499                 com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval,
 500                         _("while creating /lost+found"));
 501                 exit(1);
 502         }
 503
 504         retval = ext2fs_lookup(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, name, strlen(name), 0, &ino);
 505         if (retval) {
 506                 com_err("ext2_lookup", retval,
 507                         _("while looking up /lost+found"));
 508                 exit(1);
 509         }
 510
 511         for (i=1; i < EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS; i++) {
 512                 if ((lpf_size += fs->blocksize) >= 16*1024)
 513                         break;
 514                 retval = ext2fs_expand_dir(fs, ino);
 515                 if (retval) {
 516                         com_err("ext2fs_expand_dir", retval,
 517                                 _("while expanding /lost+found"));
 518                         exit(1);
 519                 }
 520         }
 521 }
 522
 523 static void create_bad_block_inode(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
 524 {
 525         errcode_t       retval;
 526
 527         ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, EXT2_BAD_INO);
 528         fs->group_desc[0].bg_free_inodes_count--;
 529         fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
 530         retval = ext2fs_update_bb_inode(fs, bb_list);
 531         if (retval) {
 532                 com_err("ext2fs_update_bb_inode", retval,
 533                         _("while setting bad block inode"));
 534                 exit(1);
 535         }
 536
 537 }
 538
 539 static void reserve_inodes(ext2_filsys fs)
 540 {
 541         ext2_ino_t      i;
 542         int             group;
 543
 544         for (i = EXT2_ROOT_INO + 1; i < EXT2_FIRST_INODE(fs->super); i++) {
 545                 ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, i);
 546                 group = ext2fs_group_of_ino(fs, i);
 547                 fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_inodes_count--;
 548                 fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
 549         }
 550         ext2fs_mark_ib_dirty(fs);
 551 }
 552
 553 static void zap_sector(ext2_filsys fs, int sect, int nsect)
 554 {
 555         char *buf;
 556         int retval;
 557
 558         buf = malloc(512*nsect);
 559         if (!buf) {
 560                 printf(_("Out of memory erasing sectors %d-%d\n"),
 561                        sect, sect + nsect - 1);
 562                 exit(1);
 563         }
 564         memset(buf, 0, 512*nsect);
 565
 566         io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, 512);
 567         retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, sect, -512*nsect, buf);
 568         io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, fs->blocksize);
 569         free(buf);
 570         if (retval)
 571                 printf(_("Warning: could not erase sector %d: %s\n"), sect,
 572                        error_message(retval));
 573 }
 574
 575 static void create_journal_dev(ext2_filsys fs)
 576 {
 577         struct progress_struct progress;
 578         errcode_t               retval;
 579         char                    *buf;
 580         blk_t                   blk;
 581         int                     count;
 582
 583         retval = ext2fs_create_journal_superblock(fs,
 584                                   fs->super->s_blocks_count, 0, &buf);
 585         if (retval) {
 586                 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
 587                         _("while initializing journal superblock"));
 588                 exit(1);
 589         }
 590         if (quiet)
 591                 memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
 592         else
 593                 progress_init(&progress, _("Zeroing journal device: "),
 594                               fs->super->s_blocks_count);
 595
 596         retval = zero_blocks(fs, 0, fs->super->s_blocks_count,
 597                              &progress, &blk, &count);
 598         if (retval) {
 599                 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
 600                         _("while zeroing journal device (block %u, count %d)"),
 601                         blk, count);
 602                 exit(1);
 603         }
 604         zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 605
 606         retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io,
 607                                       fs->super->s_first_data_block+1,
 608                                       1, buf);
 609         if (retval) {
 610                 com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
 611                         _("while writing journal superblock"));
 612                 exit(1);
 613         }
 614         progress_close(&progress);
 615 }
 616
 617 static void show_stats(ext2_filsys fs)
 618 {
 619         struct ext2_super_block *s = fs->super;
 620         char                    buf[80];
 621         blk_t                   group_block;
 622         int                     i, need, col_left;
 623
 624         if (param.s_blocks_count != s->s_blocks_count)
 625                 printf(_("warning: %d blocks unused.\n\n"),
 626                        param.s_blocks_count - s->s_blocks_count);
 627
 628         memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
 629         strncpy(buf, s->s_volume_name, sizeof(s->s_volume_name));
 630         printf(_("Filesystem label=%s\n"), buf);
 631         printf(_("OS type: "));
 632         switch (fs->super->s_creator_os) {
 633             case EXT2_OS_LINUX: printf ("Linux"); break;
 634             case EXT2_OS_HURD:  printf ("GNU/Hurd");   break;
 635             case EXT2_OS_MASIX: printf ("Masix"); break;
 636             default:            printf (_("(unknown os)"));
 637         }
 638         printf("\n");
 639         printf(_("Block size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->blocksize,
 640                 s->s_log_block_size);
 641         printf(_("Fragment size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->fragsize,
 642                 s->s_log_frag_size);
 643         printf(_("%u inodes, %u blocks\n"), s->s_inodes_count,
 644                s->s_blocks_count);
 645         printf(_("%u blocks (%2.2f%%) reserved for the super user\n"),
 646                 s->s_r_blocks_count,
 647                100.0 * s->s_r_blocks_count / s->s_blocks_count);
 648         printf(_("First data block=%u\n"), s->s_first_data_block);
 649         if (fs->group_desc_count > 1)
 650                 printf(_("%u block groups\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
 651         else
 652                 printf(_("%u block group\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
 653         printf(_("%u blocks per group, %u fragments per group\n"),
 654                s->s_blocks_per_group, s->s_frags_per_group);
 655         printf(_("%u inodes per group\n"), s->s_inodes_per_group);
 656
 657         if (fs->group_desc_count == 1) {
 658                 printf("\n");
 659                 return;
 660         }
 661
 662         printf(_("Superblock backups stored on blocks: "));
 663         group_block = s->s_first_data_block;
 664         col_left = 0;
 665         for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
 666                 group_block += s->s_blocks_per_group;
 667                 if (!ext2fs_bg_has_super(fs, i))
 668                         continue;
 669                 if (i != 1)
 670                         printf(", ");
 671                 need = int_log10(group_block) + 2;
 672                 if (need > col_left) {
 673                         printf("\n\t");
 674                         col_left = 72;
 675                 }
 676                 col_left -= need;
 677                 printf("%u", group_block);
 678         }
 679         printf("\n\n");
 680 }
 681
 682 /*
 683  * Set the S_CREATOR_OS field.  Return true if OS is known,
 684  * otherwise, 0.
 685  */
 686 static int set_os(struct ext2_super_block *sb, char *os)
 687 {
 688         if (isdigit (*os))
 689                 sb->s_creator_os = atoi (os);
 690         else if (strcasecmp(os, "linux") == 0)
 691                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_LINUX;
 692         else if (strcasecmp(os, "GNU") == 0 || strcasecmp(os, "hurd") == 0)
 693                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_HURD;
 694         else if (strcasecmp(os, "masix") == 0)
 695                 sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_MASIX;
 696         else
 697                 return 0;
 698         return 1;
 699 }
 700
 701 #define PATH_SET "PATH=/sbin"
 702
 703 static void parse_raid_opts(const char *opts)
 704 {
 705         char    *buf, *token, *next, *p, *arg;
 706         int     len;
 707         int     raid_usage = 0;
 708
 709         len = strlen(opts);
 710         buf = malloc(len+1);
 711         if (!buf) {
 712                 fprintf(stderr, _("Couldn't allocate memory to parse "
 713                         "raid options!\n"));
 714                 exit(1);
 715         }
 716         strcpy(buf, opts);
 717         for (token = buf; token && *token; token = next) {
 718                 p = strchr(token, ',');
 719                 next = 0;
 720                 if (p) {
 721                         *p = 0;
 722                         next = p+1;
 723                 }
 724                 arg = strchr(token, '=');
 725                 if (arg) {
 726                         *arg = 0;
 727                         arg++;
 728                 }
 729                 if (strcmp(token, "stride") == 0) {
 730                         if (!arg) {
 731                                 raid_usage++;
 732                                 continue;
 733                         }
 734                         fs_stride = strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
 735                         if (*p || (fs_stride == 0)) {
 736                                 fprintf(stderr,
 737                                         _("Invalid stride parameter.\n"));
 738                                 raid_usage++;
 739                                 continue;
 740                         }
 741                 } else
 742                         raid_usage++;
 743         }
 744         if (raid_usage) {
 745                 fprintf(stderr, _("\nBad raid options specified.\n\n"
 746                         "Raid options are separated by commas, "
 747                         "and may take an argument which\n"
 748                         "\tis set off by an equals ('=') sign.\n\n"
 749                         "Valid raid options are:\n"
 750                         "\tstride=<stride length in blocks>\n\n"));
 751                 exit(1);
 752         }
 753 }
 754
 755 static __u32 ok_features[3] = {
 756         EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL,        /* Compat */
 757         EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE|         /* Incompat */
 758                 EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV,
 759         EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER     /* R/O compat */
 760 };
 761
 762
 763 static void PRS(int argc, char *argv[])
 764 {
 765         int             c;
 766         int             size;
 767         char *          tmp;
 768         blk_t           group_blk_max = 8192;
 769         int             blocksize = 0;
 770         int             inode_ratio = 0;
 771         int             reserved_ratio = 5;
 772         ext2_ino_t      num_inodes = 0;
 773         errcode_t       retval;
 774         char *          oldpath = getenv("PATH");
 775         char *          raid_opts = 0;
 776         const char *    fs_type = 0;
 777         int             default_features = 1;
 778         blk_t           dev_size;
 779 #ifdef linux
 780         struct          utsname ut;
 781 #endif
 782
 783         /* Update our PATH to include /sbin  */
 784         if (oldpath) {
 785                 char *newpath;
 786
 787                 newpath = malloc(sizeof (PATH_SET) + 1 + strlen (oldpath));
 788                 strcpy (newpath, PATH_SET);
 789                 strcat (newpath, ":");
 790                 strcat (newpath, oldpath);
 791                 putenv (newpath);
 792         } else
 793                 putenv (PATH_SET);
 794
 795         tmp = getenv("MKE2FS_SYNC");
 796         if (tmp)
 797                 sync_kludge = atoi(tmp);
 798
 799         setbuf(stdout, NULL);
 800         setbuf(stderr, NULL);
 801         initialize_ext2_error_table();
 802         memset(&param, 0, sizeof(struct ext2_super_block));
 803         param.s_rev_level = 1;  /* Create revision 1 filesystems now */
 804         param.s_feature_incompat |= EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE;
 805         param.s_feature_ro_compat |= EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
 806
 807 #ifdef linux
 808         if (uname(&ut)) {
 809                 perror("uname");
 810                 exit(1);
 811         }
 812         if ((ut.release[0] == '1') ||
 813             (ut.release[0] == '2' && ut.release[1] == '.' &&
 814              ut.release[2] < '2' && ut.release[3] == '.')) {
 815                 param.s_rev_level = 0;
 816                 param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
 817                 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
 818                 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
 819         }
 820 #endif
 821         fprintf (stderr, "mke2fs %s (%s)\n",
 822                  E2FSPROGS_VERSION, E2FSPROGS_DATE);
 823
 824         if (argc && *argv) {
 825                 program_name = get_progname(*argv);
 826
 827                 /* If called as mkfs.ext3, create a journal inode */
 828                 if (!strcmp(program_name, "mkfs.ext3"))
 829                         journal_size = -1;
 830         }
 831
 832         while ((c = getopt (argc, argv,
 833                     "b:cf:g:i:jl:m:no:qr:R:s:tvI:J:ST:FL:M:N:O:V")) != EOF)
 834                 switch (c) {
 835                 case 'b':
 836                         blocksize = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 837                         if (blocksize < 1024 || blocksize > 4096 || *tmp) {
 838                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 839                                         _("bad block size - %s"), optarg);
 840                                 exit(1);
 841                         }
 842                         param.s_log_block_size =
 843                                 int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 844                         group_blk_max = blocksize * 8;
 845                         break;
 846                 case 'c':       /* Check for bad blocks */
 847                 case 't':       /* deprecated */
 848                         cflag++;
 849                         break;
 850                 case 'f':
 851                         size = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 852                         if (size < 1024 || size > 4096 || *tmp) {
 853                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 854                                         _("bad fragment size - %s"),
 855                                         optarg);
 856                                 exit(1);
 857                         }
 858                         param.s_log_frag_size =
 859                                 int_log2(size >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
 860                         printf(_("Warning: fragments not supported.  "
 861                                "Ignoring -f option\n"));
 862                         break;
 863                 case 'g':
 864                         param.s_blocks_per_group = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 865                         if (*tmp) {
 866                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 867                                         _("Illegal number for blocks per group"));
 868                                 exit(1);
 869                         }
 870                         if ((param.s_blocks_per_group % 8) != 0) {
 871                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 872                                 _("blocks per group must be multiple of 8"));
 873                                 exit(1);
 874                         }
 875                         break;
 876                 case 'i':
 877                         inode_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 878                         if (inode_ratio < 1024 || inode_ratio > 4096 * 1024 ||
 879                             *tmp) {
 880                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 881                                         _("bad inode ratio - %s"), optarg);
 882                                 exit(1);
 883                         }
 884                         break;
 885                 case 'J':
 886                         parse_journal_opts(optarg);
 887                         break;
 888                 case 'j':
 889                         param.s_feature_compat |=
 890                                 EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
 891                         if (!journal_size)
 892                                 journal_size = -1;
 893                         break;
 894                 case 'l':
 895                         bad_blocks_filename = malloc(strlen(optarg)+1);
 896                         if (!bad_blocks_filename) {
 897                                 com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
 898                                         _("in malloc for bad_blocks_filename"));
 899                                 exit(1);
 900                         }
 901                         strcpy(bad_blocks_filename, optarg);
 902                         break;
 903                 case 'm':
 904                         reserved_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 905                         if (reserved_ratio > 50 || *tmp) {
 906                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
 907                                         _("bad reserved blocks percent - %s"),
 908                                         optarg);
 909                                 exit(1);
 910                         }
 911                         break;
 912                 case 'n':
 913                         noaction++;
 914                         break;
 915                 case 'o':
 916                         creator_os = optarg;
 917                         break;
 918                 case 'r':
 919                         param.s_rev_level = atoi(optarg);
 920                         if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV) {
 921                                 param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
 922                                 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
 923                                 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
 924                         }
 925                         break;
 926                 case 's':       /* deprecated */
 927                         if (atoi(optarg))
 928                                 param.s_feature_ro_compat |=
 929                                         EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
 930                         else
 931                                 param.s_feature_ro_compat &=
 932                                         ~EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
 933                         break;
 934 #ifdef EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV
 935                 case 'I':
 936                         param.s_inode_size = atoi(optarg);
 937                         break;
 938 #endif
 939                 case 'N':
 940                         num_inodes = atoi(optarg);
 941                         break;
 942                 case 'v':
 943                         verbose = 1;
 944                         break;
 945                 case 'q':
 946                         quiet = 1;
 947                         break;
 948                 case 'F':
 949                         force = 1;
 950                         break;
 951                 case 'L':
 952                         volume_label = optarg;
 953                         break;
 954                 case 'M':
 955                         mount_dir = optarg;
 956                         break;
 957                 case 'O':
 958                         if (!strcmp(optarg, "none") || default_features) {
 959                                 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
 960                                 param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
 961                                 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
 962                                 default_features = 0;
 963                         }
 964                         if (!strcmp(optarg, "none"))
 965                                 break;
 966                         if (e2p_edit_feature(optarg,
 967                                             &param.s_feature_compat,
 968                                             ok_features)) {
 969                                 fprintf(stderr,
 970                                         _("Invalid filesystem option set: %s\n"), optarg);
 971                                 exit(1);
 972                         }
 973                         break;
 974                 case 'R':
 975                         raid_opts = optarg;
 976                         break;
 977                 case 'S':
 978                         super_only = 1;
 979                         break;
 980                 case 'T':
 981                         fs_type = optarg;
 982                         break;
 983                 case 'V':
 984                         /* Print version number and exit */
 985                         fprintf(stderr, _("\tUsing %s\n"),
 986                                 error_message(EXT2_ET_BASE));
 987                         exit(0);
 988                 default:
 989                         usage();
 990                 }
 991         if (optind == argc)
 992                 usage();
 993         device_name = argv[optind];
 994         optind++;
 995         if (optind < argc) {
 996                 unsigned long tmp2  = strtoul(argv[optind++], &tmp, 0);
 997
 998                 if ((*tmp) || (tmp2 > 0xfffffffful)) {
 999                         com_err(program_name, 0, _("bad blocks count - %s"),
1000                                 argv[optind - 1]);
1001                         exit(1);
1002                 }
1003                 param.s_blocks_count = tmp2;
1004         }
1005         if (optind < argc)
1006                 usage();
1007
1008         if (raid_opts)
1009                 parse_raid_opts(raid_opts);
1010
1011         /*
1012          * If there's no blocksize specified and there is a journal
1013          * device, use it to figure out the blocksize
1014          */
1015         if (blocksize == 0 && journal_device) {
1016                 ext2_filsys     jfs;
1017
1018                 retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device,
1019                                      EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
1020                                      0, unix_io_manager, &jfs);
1021                 if (retval) {
1022                         com_err(program_name, retval,
1023                                 _("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
1024                                 journal_device);
1025                         exit(1);
1026                 }
1027                 blocksize = jfs->blocksize;
1028                 param.s_log_block_size =
1029                         int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
1030                 ext2fs_close(jfs);
1031         }
1032
1033         if (param.s_feature_incompat & EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1034                 if (!fs_type)
1035                         fs_type = "journal";
1036                 reserved_ratio = 0;
1037                 param.s_feature_incompat = EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV;
1038                 param.s_feature_compat = 0;
1039                 param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
1040         }
1041         if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV &&
1042             (param.s_feature_compat || param.s_feature_ro_compat ||
1043              param.s_feature_incompat))
1044                 param.s_rev_level = 1;  /* Create a revision 1 filesystem */
1045
1046         if (!force)
1047                 check_plausibility(device_name);
1048         check_mount(device_name, force, _("filesystem"));
1049
1050         param.s_log_frag_size = param.s_log_block_size;
1051
1052         if (noaction && param.s_blocks_count) {
1053                 dev_size = param.s_blocks_count;
1054                 retval = 0;
1055         } else
1056                 retval = ext2fs_get_device_size(device_name,
1057                                                 EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param),
1058                                                 &dev_size);
1059         if (retval && (retval != EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED)) {
1060                 com_err(program_name, retval,
1061                         _("while trying to determine filesystem size"));
1062                 exit(1);
1063         }
1064         if (!param.s_blocks_count) {
1065                 if (retval == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
1066                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1067                                 _("Couldn't determine device size; you "
1068                                 "must specify\nthe size of the "
1069                                 "filesystem\n"));
1070                         exit(1);
1071                 } else {
1072                         if (dev_size == 0) {
1073                                 com_err(program_name, 0,
1074                                 _("Device size reported to be zero.  "
1075                                   "Invalid partition specified, or\n\t"
1076                                   "partition table wasn't reread "
1077                                   "after running fdisk, due to\n\t"
1078                                   "a modified partition being busy "
1079                                   "and in use.  You may need to reboot\n\t"
1080                                   "to re-read your partition table.\n"
1081                                   ));
1082                                 exit(1);
1083                         }
1084                         param.s_blocks_count = dev_size;
1085                 }
1086
1087         } else if (!force && (param.s_blocks_count > dev_size)) {
1088                 com_err(program_name, 0,
1089                         _("Filesystem larger than apparent filesystem size."));
1090                 proceed_question();
1091         }
1092
1093         /*
1094          * If the user asked for HAS_JOURNAL, then make sure a journal
1095          * gets created.
1096          */
1097         if ((param.s_feature_compat & EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL) &&
1098             !journal_size)
1099                 journal_size = -1;
1100
1101         set_fs_defaults(fs_type, &param, blocksize, &inode_ratio);
1102
1103         if (param.s_blocks_per_group) {
1104                 if (param.s_blocks_per_group < 256 ||
1105                     param.s_blocks_per_group > group_blk_max || *tmp) {
1106                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1107                                 _("blocks per group count out of range"));
1108                         exit(1);
1109                 }
1110         }
1111
1112         /*
1113          * Calculate number of inodes based on the inode ratio
1114          */
1115         param.s_inodes_count = num_inodes ? num_inodes :
1116                 ((__u64) param.s_blocks_count * EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param))
1117                         / inode_ratio;
1118
1119         /*
1120          * Calculate number of blocks to reserve
1121          */
1122         param.s_r_blocks_count = (param.s_blocks_count * reserved_ratio) / 100;
1123
1124 }
1125
1126 int main (int argc, char *argv[])
1127 {
1128         errcode_t       retval = 0;
1129         ext2_filsys     fs;
1130         badblocks_list  bb_list = 0;
1131         int             journal_blocks;
1132         int             i, val;
1133
1134 #ifdef ENABLE_NLS
1135         setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
1136         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1137         bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
1138         textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
1139 #endif
1140         PRS(argc, argv);
1141
1142         /*
1143          * Initialize the superblock....
1144          */
1145         retval = ext2fs_initialize(device_name, 0, &param,
1146                                    unix_io_manager, &fs);
1147         if (retval) {
1148                 com_err(device_name, retval, _("while setting up superblock"));
1149                 exit(1);
1150         }
1151
1152         /*
1153          * Wipe out the old on-disk superblock
1154          */
1155         if (!noaction)
1156                 zap_sector(fs, 2, 6);
1157
1158         /*
1159          * Generate a UUID for it...
1160          */
1161         uuid_generate(fs->super->s_uuid);
1162
1163         /*
1164          * Add "jitter" to the superblock's check interval so that we
1165          * don't check all the filesystems at the same time.  We use a
1166          * kludgy hack of using the UUID to derive a random jitter value.
1167          */
1168         for (i = 0, val = 0 ; i < sizeof(fs->super->s_uuid); i++)
1169                 val += fs->super->s_uuid[i];
1170         fs->super->s_max_mnt_count += val % EXT2_DFL_MAX_MNT_COUNT;
1171
1172         /*
1173          * Override the creator OS, if applicable
1174          */
1175         if (creator_os && !set_os(fs->super, creator_os)) {
1176                 com_err (program_name, 0, _("unknown os - %s"), creator_os);
1177                 exit(1);
1178         }
1179
1180         /*
1181          * For the Hurd, we will turn off filetype since it doesn't
1182          * support it.
1183          */
1184         if (fs->super->s_creator_os == EXT2_OS_HURD)
1185                 fs->super->s_feature_incompat &=
1186                         ~EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE;
1187
1188         /*
1189          * Set the volume label...
1190          */
1191         if (volume_label) {
1192                 memset(fs->super->s_volume_name, 0,
1193                        sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1194                 strncpy(fs->super->s_volume_name, volume_label,
1195                         sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1196         }
1197
1198         /*
1199          * Set the last mount directory
1200          */
1201         if (mount_dir) {
1202                 memset(fs->super->s_last_mounted, 0,
1203                        sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1204                 strncpy(fs->super->s_last_mounted, mount_dir,
1205                         sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1206         }
1207
1208         if (!quiet || noaction)
1209                 show_stats(fs);
1210
1211         if (noaction)
1212                 exit(0);
1213
1214         if (fs->super->s_feature_incompat &
1215             EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1216                 create_journal_dev(fs);
1217                 exit(ext2fs_close(fs) ? 1 : 0);
1218         }
1219
1220         if (bad_blocks_filename)
1221                 read_bb_file(fs, &bb_list, bad_blocks_filename);
1222         if (cflag)
1223                 test_disk(fs, &bb_list);
1224
1225         handle_bad_blocks(fs, bb_list);
1226         fs->stride = fs_stride;
1227         retval = ext2fs_allocate_tables(fs);
1228         if (retval) {
1229                 com_err(program_name, retval,
1230                         _("while trying to allocate filesystem tables"));
1231                 exit(1);
1232         }
1233         if (super_only) {
1234                 fs->super->s_state |= EXT2_ERROR_FS;
1235                 fs->flags &= ~(EXT2_FLAG_IB_DIRTY|EXT2_FLAG_BB_DIRTY);
1236         } else {
1237                 /* rsv must be a power of two (64kB is MD RAID sb alignment) */
1238                 int rsv = 65536 / fs->blocksize;
1239                 unsigned long blocks = fs->super->s_blocks_count;
1240                 unsigned long start;
1241                 blk_t ret_blk;
1242
1243 #ifdef ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
1244                 zap_sector(fs, 0, 2);
1245 #endif
1246
1247                 /*
1248                  * Wipe out any old MD RAID (or other) metadata at the end
1249                  * of the device.  This will also verify that the device is
1250                  * as large as we think.  Be careful with very small devices.
1251                  */
1252                 start = (blocks & ~(rsv - 1));
1253                 if (start > rsv)
1254                         start -= rsv;
1255                 if (start > 0)
1256                         retval = zero_blocks(fs, start, blocks - start,
1257                                              NULL, &ret_blk, NULL);
1258
1259                 if (retval) {
1260                         com_err(program_name, retval,
1261                                 _("zeroing block %u at end of filesystem"),
1262                                 ret_blk);
1263                         exit(1);
1264                 }
1265                 write_inode_tables(fs);
1266                 create_root_dir(fs);
1267                 create_lost_and_found(fs);
1268                 reserve_inodes(fs);
1269                 create_bad_block_inode(fs, bb_list);
1270         }
1271
1272         if (journal_device) {
1273                 ext2_filsys     jfs;
1274
1275                 if (!force)
1276                         check_plausibility(journal_device);
1277                 check_mount(journal_device, force, _("journal"));
1278
1279                 retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device, EXT2_FLAG_RW|
1280                                      EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
1281                                      fs->blocksize, unix_io_manager, &jfs);
1282                 if (retval) {
1283                         com_err(program_name, retval,
1284                                 _("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
1285                                 journal_device);
1286                         exit(1);
1287                 }
1288                 if (!quiet) {
1289                         printf(_("Adding journal to device %s: "),
1290                                journal_device);
1291                         fflush(stdout);
1292                 }
1293                 retval = ext2fs_add_journal_device(fs, jfs);
1294                 if(retval) {
1295                         com_err (program_name, retval,
1296                                  _("\n\twhile trying to add journal to device %s"),
1297                                  journal_device);
1298                         exit(1);
1299                 }
1300                 if (!quiet)
1301                         printf(_("done\n"));
1302                 ext2fs_close(jfs);
1303                 free(journal_device);
1304         } else if (journal_size) {
1305                 journal_blocks = figure_journal_size(journal_size, fs);
1306
1307                 if (!journal_blocks) {
1308                         fs->super->s_feature_compat &=
1309                                 ~EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
1310                         goto no_journal;
1311                 }
1312                 if (!quiet) {
1313                         printf(_("Creating journal (%d blocks): "),
1314                                journal_blocks);
1315                         fflush(stdout);
1316                 }
1317                 retval = ext2fs_add_journal_inode(fs, journal_blocks,
1318                                                   journal_flags);
1319                 if (retval) {
1320                         com_err (program_name, retval,
1321                                  _("\n\twhile trying to create journal"));
1322                         exit(1);
1323                 }
1324                 if (!quiet)
1325                         printf(_("done\n"));
1326         }
1327 no_journal:
1328
1329         if (!quiet)
1330                 printf(_("Writing superblocks and "
1331                        "filesystem accounting information: "));
1332         retval = ext2fs_flush(fs);
1333         if (retval) {
1334                 printf(_("\nWarning, had trouble writing out superblocks."));
1335         }
1336         if (!quiet) {
1337                 printf(_("done\n\n"));
1338                 print_check_message(fs);
1339         }
1340         val = ext2fs_close(fs);
1341         return (retval || val) ? 1 : 0;
1342 }