2 * pfsck --- A generic, parallelizing front-end for the fsck program.
3 * It will automatically try to run fsck programs in parallel if the
4 * devices are on separate spindles. It is based on the same ideas as
5 * the generic front end for fsck by David Engel and Fred van Kempen,
6 * but it has been completely rewritten from scratch to support
9 * Written by Theodore Ts'o, <tytso@mit.edu>
11 * Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@drinkel.ow.org) 20-Oct-1994:
12 * o Changed -t fstype to behave like with mount when -A (all file
13 * systems) or -M (like mount) is specified.
14 * o fsck looks if it can find the fsck.type program to decide
15 * if it should ignore the fs type. This way more fsck programs
16 * can be added without changing this front-end.
17 * o -R flag skip root file system.
19 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
20 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 by Theodore Ts'o.
23 * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
28 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600 /* for inclusion of sa_handler in Solaris */
31 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #include <sys/signal.h>
62 #include "../version.h"
63 #include "nls-enable.h"
65 #include "blkid/blkid.h"
68 #define _PATH_MNTTAB "/etc/fstab"
71 static const char *ignored_types[] = {
83 static const char *really_wanted[] = {
96 #define BASE_MD "/dev/md"
99 * Global variables for options
101 char *devices[MAX_DEVICES];
102 char *args[MAX_ARGS];
103 int num_devices, num_args;
110 int ignore_mounted = 0;
112 int parallel_root = 0;
115 int force_all_parallel = 0;
118 volatile int cancel_requested = 0;
122 struct fs_info *filesys_info = NULL, *filesys_last = NULL;
123 struct fsck_instance *instance_list;
124 const char *fsck_prefix_path = "/sbin:/sbin/fs.d:/sbin/fs:/etc/fs:/etc";
126 blkid_cache cache = NULL;
128 static char *string_copy(const char *s)
134 ret = malloc(strlen(s)+1);
140 static int string_to_int(const char *s)
145 l = strtol(s, &p, 0);
146 if (*p || l == LONG_MIN || l == LONG_MAX || l < 0 || l > INT_MAX)
152 static int ignore(struct fs_info *);
154 static char *skip_over_blank(char *cp)
156 while (*cp && isspace(*cp))
161 static char *skip_over_word(char *cp)
163 while (*cp && !isspace(*cp))
168 static void strip_line(char *line)
173 p = line + strlen(line) - 1;
174 if ((*p == '\n') || (*p == '\r'))
181 static char *parse_word(char **buf)
189 word = skip_over_blank(word);
190 next = skip_over_word(word);
197 static void parse_escape(char *word)
205 for (p = word, q = word; *p; p++, q++) {
224 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++, p++) {
227 ac = (ac * 8) + (*p - '0');
235 static void free_instance(struct fsck_instance *i)
239 free(i->base_device);
244 static struct fs_info *create_fs_device(const char *device, const char *mntpnt,
245 const char *type, const char *opts,
246 int freq, int passno)
250 if (!(fs = malloc(sizeof(struct fs_info))))
253 fs->device = string_copy(device);
254 fs->mountpt = string_copy(mntpnt);
255 fs->type = string_copy(type);
256 fs->opts = string_copy(opts ? opts : "");
265 filesys_last->next = fs;
273 static int parse_fstab_line(char *line, struct fs_info **ret_fs)
275 char *dev, *device, *mntpnt, *type, *opts, *freq, *passno, *cp;
282 device = parse_word(&cp);
283 if (!device || *device == '#')
284 return 0; /* Ignore blank lines and comments */
285 mntpnt = parse_word(&cp);
286 type = parse_word(&cp);
287 opts = parse_word(&cp);
288 freq = parse_word(&cp);
289 passno = parse_word(&cp);
291 if (!mntpnt || !type)
294 parse_escape(device);
295 parse_escape(mntpnt);
299 parse_escape(passno);
301 dev = blkid_get_devname(cache, device, NULL);
305 if (strchr(type, ','))
308 fs = create_fs_device(device, mntpnt, type ? type : "auto", opts,
309 freq ? atoi(freq) : -1,
310 passno ? atoi(passno) : -1);
319 static void interpret_type(struct fs_info *fs)
323 if (strcmp(fs->type, "auto") != 0)
325 t = blkid_get_tag_value(cache, "TYPE", fs->device);
333 * Load the filesystem database from /etc/fstab
335 static void load_fs_info(const char *filename)
343 if ((f = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
344 fprintf(stderr, _("WARNING: couldn't open %s: %s\n"),
345 filename, strerror(errno));
350 if (!fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f))
352 buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = 0;
353 if (parse_fstab_line(buf, &fs) < 0) {
354 fprintf(stderr, _("WARNING: bad format "
355 "on line %d of %s\n"), lineno, filename);
368 if (old_fstab && filesys_info) {
369 fputs("\007\007\007", stderr);
371 "WARNING: Your /etc/fstab does not contain the fsck passno\n"
372 " field. I will kludge around things for you, but you\n"
373 " should fix your /etc/fstab file as soon as you can.\n\n"), stderr);
375 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
381 /* Lookup filesys in /etc/fstab and return the corresponding entry. */
382 static struct fs_info *lookup(char *filesys)
386 /* No filesys name given. */
390 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
391 if (!strcmp(filesys, fs->device) ||
392 (fs->mountpt && !strcmp(filesys, fs->mountpt)))
399 /* Find fsck program for a given fs type. */
400 static char *find_fsck(char *type)
404 static char prog[256];
405 char *p = string_copy(fsck_path);
408 /* Are we looking for a program or just a type? */
409 tpl = (strncmp(type, "fsck.", 5) ? "%s/fsck.%s" : "%s/%s");
411 for(s = strtok(p, ":"); s; s = strtok(NULL, ":")) {
412 sprintf(prog, tpl, s, type);
413 if (stat(prog, &st) == 0) break;
416 return(s ? prog : NULL);
419 static int progress_active(NOARGS)
421 struct fsck_instance *inst;
423 for (inst = instance_list; inst; inst = inst->next) {
424 if (inst->flags & FLAG_DONE)
426 if (inst->flags & FLAG_PROGRESS)
433 * Execute a particular fsck program, and link it into the list of
434 * child processes we are waiting for.
436 static int execute(const char *type, const char *device, const char *mntpt,
439 char *s, *argv[80], prog[80];
441 struct fsck_instance *inst, *p;
444 inst = malloc(sizeof(struct fsck_instance));
447 memset(inst, 0, sizeof(struct fsck_instance));
449 sprintf(prog, "fsck.%s", type);
450 argv[0] = string_copy(prog);
453 for (i=0; i <num_args; i++)
454 argv[argc++] = string_copy(args[i]);
457 if ((strcmp(type, "ext2") == 0) ||
458 (strcmp(type, "ext3") == 0) ||
459 (strcmp(type, "ext4") == 0) ||
460 (strcmp(type, "ext4dev") == 0)) {
464 if (!progress_active()) {
465 snprintf(tmp, 80, "-C%d", progress_fd);
466 inst->flags |= FLAG_PROGRESS;
467 } else if (progress_fd)
468 snprintf(tmp, 80, "-C%d", progress_fd * -1);
470 argv[argc++] = string_copy(tmp);
474 argv[argc++] = string_copy(device);
479 fprintf(stderr, _("fsck: %s: not found\n"), prog);
484 if (verbose || noexecute) {
485 printf("[%s (%d) -- %s] ", s, num_running,
486 mntpt ? mntpt : device);
487 for (i=0; i < argc; i++)
488 printf("%s ", argv[i]);
492 /* Fork and execute the correct program. */
495 else if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
499 } else if (pid == 0) {
502 (void) execv(s, argv);
508 for (i=0; i < argc; i++)
512 inst->prog = string_copy(prog);
513 inst->type = string_copy(type);
514 inst->device = string_copy(device);
515 inst->base_device = base_device(device);
516 inst->start_time = time(0);
520 * Find the end of the list, so we add the instance on at the end.
522 for (p = instance_list; p && p->next; p = p->next);
527 instance_list = inst;
533 * Send a signal to all outstanding fsck child processes
535 static int kill_all(int signum)
537 struct fsck_instance *inst;
540 for (inst = instance_list; inst; inst = inst->next) {
541 if (inst->flags & FLAG_DONE)
543 kill(inst->pid, signum);
550 * Wait for one child process to exit; when it does, unlink it from
551 * the list of executing child processes, and return it.
553 static struct fsck_instance *wait_one(int flags)
557 struct fsck_instance *inst, *inst2, *prev;
564 inst = instance_list;
567 while (inst->next && (random() & 1)) {
572 inst->exit_status = 0;
577 * gcc -Wall fails saving throw against stupidity
578 * (inst and prev are thought to be uninitialized variables)
583 pid = waitpid(-1, &status, flags);
584 if (cancel_requested && !kill_sent) {
588 if ((pid == 0) && (flags & WNOHANG))
591 if ((errno == EINTR) || (errno == EAGAIN))
593 if (errno == ECHILD) {
595 _("%s: wait: No more child process?!?\n"),
602 for (prev = 0, inst = instance_list;
604 prev = inst, inst = inst->next) {
605 if (inst->pid == pid)
610 if (WIFEXITED(status))
611 status = WEXITSTATUS(status);
612 else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
613 sig = WTERMSIG(status);
615 status = EXIT_UNCORRECTED;
617 printf(_("Warning... %s for device %s exited "
618 "with signal %d.\n"),
619 inst->prog, inst->device, sig);
623 printf(_("%s %s: status is %x, should never happen.\n"),
624 inst->prog, inst->device, status);
627 inst->exit_status = status;
628 inst->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
629 if (progress && (inst->flags & FLAG_PROGRESS) &&
630 !progress_active()) {
631 for (inst2 = instance_list; inst2; inst2 = inst2->next) {
632 if (inst2->flags & FLAG_DONE)
634 if (strcmp(inst2->type, "ext2") &&
635 strcmp(inst2->type, "ext3") &&
636 strcmp(inst2->type, "ext4") &&
637 strcmp(inst2->type, "ext4dev"))
640 * If we've just started the fsck, wait a tiny
641 * bit before sending the kill, to give it
642 * time to set up the signal handler
644 if (inst2->start_time < time(0)+2) {
647 kill(inst2->pid, SIGUSR1);
651 kill(inst2->pid, SIGUSR1);
652 inst2->flags |= FLAG_PROGRESS;
658 prev->next = inst->next;
660 instance_list = inst->next;
662 printf(_("Finished with %s (exit status %d)\n"),
663 inst->device, inst->exit_status);
668 #define FLAG_WAIT_ALL 0
669 #define FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE 1
671 * Wait until all executing child processes have exited; return the
672 * logical OR of all of their exit code values.
674 static int wait_many(int flags)
676 struct fsck_instance *inst;
677 int global_status = 0;
680 while ((inst = wait_one(wait_flags))) {
681 global_status |= inst->exit_status;
684 if (noexecute && (flags & WNOHANG) && !(random() % 3))
687 if (flags & FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE)
688 wait_flags = WNOHANG;
690 return global_status;
694 * Run the fsck program on a particular device
696 * If the type is specified using -t, and it isn't prefixed with "no"
697 * (as in "noext2") and only one filesystem type is specified, then
698 * use that type regardless of what is specified in /etc/fstab.
700 * If the type isn't specified by the user, then use either the type
701 * specified in /etc/fstab, or DEFAULT_FSTYPE.
703 static void fsck_device(struct fs_info *fs, int interactive)
710 if (strcmp(fs->type, "auto") != 0)
712 else if (fstype && strncmp(fstype, "no", 2) &&
713 strncmp(fstype, "opts=", 5) && strncmp(fstype, "loop", 4) &&
714 !strchr(fstype, ','))
717 type = DEFAULT_FSTYPE;
720 retval = execute(type, fs->device, fs->mountpt, interactive);
722 fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Error %d while executing fsck.%s "
723 "for %s\n"), progname, retval, type, fs->device);
730 * Deal with the fsck -t argument.
732 struct fs_type_compile {
738 #define FS_TYPE_NORMAL 0
739 #define FS_TYPE_OPT 1
740 #define FS_TYPE_NEGOPT 2
742 static const char *fs_type_syntax_error =
743 N_("Either all or none of the filesystem types passed to -t must be prefixed\n"
744 "with 'no' or '!'.\n");
746 static void compile_fs_type(char *fs_type, struct fs_type_compile *cmp)
750 int negate, first_negate = 1;
753 for (cp=fs_type; *cp; cp++) {
759 cmp->list = malloc(num * sizeof(char *));
760 cmp->type = malloc(num * sizeof(int));
761 if (!cmp->list || !cmp->type) {
762 fputs(_("Couldn't allocate memory for filesystem types\n"),
766 memset(cmp->list, 0, num * sizeof(char *));
767 memset(cmp->type, 0, num * sizeof(int));
773 list = string_copy(fs_type);
775 s = strtok(list, ",");
778 if (strncmp(s, "no", 2) == 0) {
781 } else if (*s == '!') {
785 if (strcmp(s, "loop") == 0)
786 /* loop is really short-hand for opts=loop */
787 goto loop_special_case;
788 else if (strncmp(s, "opts=", 5) == 0) {
791 cmp->type[num] = negate ? FS_TYPE_NEGOPT : FS_TYPE_OPT;
794 cmp->negate = negate;
797 if ((negate && !cmp->negate) ||
798 (!negate && cmp->negate)) {
799 fputs(_(fs_type_syntax_error), stderr);
804 printf("Adding %s to list (type %d).\n", s, cmp->type[num]);
806 cmp->list[num++] = string_copy(s);
807 s = strtok(NULL, ",");
813 * This function returns true if a particular option appears in a
814 * comma-delimited options list
816 static int opt_in_list(const char *opt, char *optlist)
822 list = string_copy(optlist);
824 s = strtok(list, ",");
826 if (strcmp(s, opt) == 0) {
830 s = strtok(NULL, ",");
836 /* See if the filesystem matches the criteria given by the -t option */
837 static int fs_match(struct fs_info *fs, struct fs_type_compile *cmp)
839 int n, ret = 0, checked_type = 0;
842 if (cmp->list == 0 || cmp->list[0] == 0)
845 for (n=0; (cp = cmp->list[n]); n++) {
846 switch (cmp->type[n]) {
849 if (strcmp(cp, fs->type) == 0) {
854 if (opt_in_list(cp, fs->opts))
858 if (!opt_in_list(cp, fs->opts))
863 if (checked_type == 0)
865 return (cmp->negate ? !ret : ret);
868 /* Check if we should ignore this filesystem. */
869 static int ignore(struct fs_info *fs)
875 * If the pass number is 0, ignore it.
881 * If this is a bind mount, ignore it.
883 if (opt_in_list("bind", fs->opts)) {
885 _("%s: skipping bad line in /etc/fstab: bind mount with nonzero fsck pass number\n"),
893 * If a specific fstype is specified, and it doesn't match,
896 if (!fs_match(fs, &fs_type_compiled)) return 1;
898 /* Are we ignoring this type? */
899 for(ip = ignored_types; *ip; ip++)
900 if (strcmp(fs->type, *ip) == 0) return 1;
902 /* Do we really really want to check this fs? */
903 for(ip = really_wanted; *ip; ip++)
904 if (strcmp(fs->type, *ip) == 0) {
909 /* See if the <fsck.fs> program is available. */
910 if (find_fsck(fs->type) == NULL) {
912 fprintf(stderr, _("fsck: cannot check %s: fsck.%s not found\n"),
913 fs->device, fs->type);
917 /* We can and want to check this file system type. */
922 * Returns TRUE if a partition on the same disk is already being
925 static int device_already_active(char *device)
927 struct fsck_instance *inst;
930 if (force_all_parallel)
934 /* Don't check a soft raid disk with any other disk */
936 (!strncmp(instance_list->device, BASE_MD, sizeof(BASE_MD)-1) ||
937 !strncmp(device, BASE_MD, sizeof(BASE_MD)-1)))
941 base = base_device(device);
943 * If we don't know the base device, assume that the device is
944 * already active if there are any fsck instances running.
947 return (instance_list != 0);
948 for (inst = instance_list; inst; inst = inst->next) {
949 if (!inst->base_device || !strcmp(base, inst->base_device)) {
958 /* Check all file systems, using the /etc/fstab table. */
959 static int check_all(NOARGS)
961 struct fs_info *fs = NULL;
962 int status = EXIT_OK;
963 int not_done_yet = 1;
968 fputs(_("Checking all file systems.\n"), stdout);
971 * Do an initial scan over the filesystem; mark filesystems
972 * which should be ignored as done, and resolve any "auto"
973 * filesystem types (done as a side-effect of calling ignore()).
975 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
977 fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
981 * Find and check the root filesystem.
983 if (!parallel_root) {
984 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
985 if (!strcmp(fs->mountpt, "/"))
989 if (!skip_root && !ignore(fs) &&
990 !(ignore_mounted && is_mounted(fs->device))) {
992 status |= wait_many(FLAG_WAIT_ALL);
993 if (status > EXIT_NONDESTRUCT)
996 fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
1000 * This is for the bone-headed user who enters the root
1001 * filesystem twice. Skip root will skep all root entries.
1004 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next)
1005 if (!strcmp(fs->mountpt, "/"))
1006 fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
1008 while (not_done_yet) {
1012 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
1013 if (cancel_requested)
1015 if (fs->flags & FLAG_DONE)
1018 * If the filesystem's pass number is higher
1019 * than the current pass number, then we don't
1022 if (fs->passno > passno) {
1026 if (ignore_mounted && is_mounted(fs->device)) {
1027 fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
1031 * If a filesystem on a particular device has
1032 * already been spawned, then we need to defer
1033 * this to another pass.
1035 if (device_already_active(fs->device)) {
1040 * Spawn off the fsck process
1042 fsck_device(fs, serialize);
1043 fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
1046 * Only do one filesystem at a time, or if we
1047 * have a limit on the number of fsck's extant
1048 * at one time, apply that limit.
1051 (max_running && (num_running >= max_running))) {
1056 if (cancel_requested)
1059 printf(_("--waiting-- (pass %d)\n"), passno);
1060 status |= wait_many(pass_done ? FLAG_WAIT_ALL :
1061 FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE);
1064 printf("----------------------------------\n");
1069 if (cancel_requested && !kill_sent) {
1073 status |= wait_many(FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE);
1077 static void usage(NOARGS)
1079 fputs(_("Usage: fsck [-AMNPRTV] [ -C [ fd ] ] [-t fstype] [fs-options] [filesys ...]\n"), stderr);
1083 #ifdef HAVE_SIGNAL_H
1084 static void signal_cancel(int sig FSCK_ATTR((unused)))
1090 static void PRS(int argc, char *argv[])
1093 char *arg, *dev, *tmp = 0;
1096 int opts_for_fsck = 0;
1097 #ifdef HAVE_SIGNAL_H
1098 struct sigaction sa;
1101 * Set up signal action
1103 memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(struct sigaction));
1104 sa.sa_handler = signal_cancel;
1105 sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, 0);
1106 sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, 0);
1115 for (i=1; i < argc; i++) {
1119 if ((arg[0] == '/' && !opts_for_fsck) || strchr(arg, '=')) {
1120 if (num_devices >= MAX_DEVICES) {
1121 fprintf(stderr, _("%s: too many devices\n"),
1125 dev = blkid_get_devname(cache, arg, NULL);
1126 if (!dev && strchr(arg, '=')) {
1128 * Check to see if we failed because
1129 * /proc/partitions isn't found.
1131 if (access("/proc/partitions", R_OK) < 0) {
1132 fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open /proc/partitions: %s\n",
1134 fprintf(stderr, "Is /proc mounted?\n");
1138 * Check to see if this is because
1139 * we're not running as root
1143 "Must be root to scan for matching filesystems: %s\n", arg);
1146 "Couldn't find matching filesystem: %s\n", arg);
1149 devices[num_devices++] = dev ? dev : string_copy(arg);
1152 if (arg[0] != '-' || opts_for_fsck) {
1153 if (num_args >= MAX_ARGS) {
1154 fprintf(stderr, _("%s: too many arguments\n"),
1158 args[num_args++] = string_copy(arg);
1161 for (j=1; arg[j]; j++) {
1162 if (opts_for_fsck) {
1163 options[++opt] = arg[j];
1173 progress_fd = string_to_int(arg+j+1);
1174 if (progress_fd < 0)
1178 } else if ((i+1) < argc &&
1179 !strncmp(argv[i+1], "-", 1) == 0) {
1180 progress_fd = string_to_int(argv[i]);
1181 if (progress_fd < 0)
1216 else if ((i+1) < argc)
1220 fstype = string_copy(tmp);
1221 compile_fs_type(fstype, &fs_type_compiled);
1230 options[++opt] = arg[j];
1237 options[++opt] = '\0';
1238 if (num_args >= MAX_ARGS) {
1240 _("%s: too many arguments\n"),
1244 args[num_args++] = string_copy(options);
1248 if (getenv("FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL"))
1249 force_all_parallel++;
1250 if ((tmp = getenv("FSCK_MAX_INST")))
1251 max_running = atoi(tmp);
1254 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
1257 int interactive = 0;
1258 char *oldpath = getenv("PATH");
1262 setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ);
1263 setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ);
1266 setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
1267 setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1268 bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
1269 textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
1271 blkid_get_cache(&cache, NULL);
1275 printf("fsck %s (%s)\n", E2FSPROGS_VERSION, E2FSPROGS_DATE);
1277 fstab = getenv("FSTAB_FILE");
1279 fstab = _PATH_MNTTAB;
1280 load_fs_info(fstab);
1282 /* Update our search path to include uncommon directories. */
1284 fsck_path = malloc (strlen (fsck_prefix_path) + 1 +
1285 strlen (oldpath) + 1);
1287 fprintf(stderr, "%s: Unable to allocate memory for fsck_path\n", progname);
1290 strcpy (fsck_path, fsck_prefix_path);
1291 strcat (fsck_path, ":");
1292 strcat (fsck_path, oldpath);
1294 fsck_path = string_copy(fsck_prefix_path);
1297 if ((num_devices == 1) || (serialize))
1300 /* If -A was specified ("check all"), do that! */
1304 if (num_devices == 0) {
1309 for (i = 0 ; i < num_devices; i++) {
1310 if (cancel_requested) {
1317 fs = lookup(devices[i]);
1319 fs = create_fs_device(devices[i], 0, "auto",
1324 if (ignore_mounted && is_mounted(fs->device))
1326 fsck_device(fs, interactive);
1328 (max_running && (num_running >= max_running))) {
1329 struct fsck_instance *inst;
1333 status |= inst->exit_status;
1334 free_instance(inst);
1337 printf("----------------------------------\n");
1340 status |= wait_many(FLAG_WAIT_ALL);
1342 blkid_put_cache(cache);