misc/badblocks.c

   1 /*
   2  * badblocks.c          - Bad blocks checker
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994  Remy Card <card@masi.ibp.fr>
   5  *                                 Laboratoire MASI, Institut Blaise Pascal
   6  *                                 Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
   7  *
   8  * Copyright 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 by Theodore Ts'o
   9  * Copyright 1999 by David Beattie
  10  *
  11  * This file is based on the minix file system programs fsck and mkfs
  12  * written and copyrighted by Linus Torvalds <Linus.Torvalds@cs.helsinki.fi>
  13  *
  14  * %Begin-Header%
  15  * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
  16  * License.
  17  * %End-Header%
  18  */
  19
  20 /*
  21  * History:
  22  * 93/05/26     - Creation from e2fsck
  23  * 94/02/27     - Made a separate bad blocks checker
  24  * 99/06/30...99/07/26 - Added non-destructive write-testing,
  25  *                       configurable blocks-at-once parameter,
  26  *                       loading of badblocks list to avoid testing
  27  *                       blocks known to be bad, multiple passes to
  28  *                       make sure that no new blocks are added to the
  29  *                       list.  (Work done by David Beattie)
  30  */
  31
  32 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for O_DIRECT */
  33
  34 #ifndef O_LARGEFILE
  35 #define O_LARGEFILE 0
  36 #endif
  37
  38 #include <errno.h>
  39 #include <fcntl.h>
  40 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
  41 #include <getopt.h>
  42 #else
  43 extern char *optarg;
  44 extern int optind;
  45 #endif
  46 #include <signal.h>
  47 #include <stdio.h>
  48 #include <stdlib.h>
  49 #include <string.h>
  50 #include <unistd.h>
  51 #include <setjmp.h>
  52 #include <time.h>
  53 #include <limits.h>
  54
  55 #include <sys/time.h>
  56 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  57 #include <sys/types.h>
  58
  59 #include "et/com_err.h"
  60 #include "ext2fs/ext2_io.h"
  61 #include "ext2fs/ext2_fs.h"
  62 #include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
  63 #include "nls-enable.h"
  64
  65 const char * program_name = "badblocks";
  66 const char * done_string = N_("done                                \n");
  67
  68 static int v_flag = 0;                  /* verbose */
  69 static int w_flag = 0;                  /* do r/w test: 0=no, 1=yes,
  70                                          * 2=non-destructive */
  71 static int s_flag = 0;                  /* show progress of test */
  72 static int force = 0;                   /* force check of mounted device */
  73 static int t_flag = 0;                  /* number of test patterns */
  74 static int t_max = 0;                   /* allocated test patterns */
  75 static unsigned int *t_patts = NULL;    /* test patterns */
  76 static int current_O_DIRECT = 0;        /* Current status of O_DIRECT flag */
  77 static int exclusive_ok = 0;
  78 static unsigned int max_bb = 0;         /* Abort test if more than this number of bad blocks has been encountered */
  79 static unsigned int d_flag = 0;         /* delay factor between reads */
  80 static struct timeval time_start;
  81
  82 #define T_INC 32
  83
  84 unsigned int sys_page_size = 4096;
  85
  86 static void usage(void)
  87 {
  88         fprintf(stderr, _(
  89 "Usage: %s [-b block_size] [-i input_file] [-o output_file] [-svwnf]\n"
  90 "       [-c blocks_at_once] [-d delay_factor_between_reads] [-e max_bad_blocks]\n"
  91 "       [-p num_passes] [-t test_pattern [-t test_pattern [...]]]\n"
  92 "       device [last_block [first_block]]\n"),
  93                  program_name);
  94         exit (1);
  95 }
  96
  97 static void exclusive_usage(void)
  98 {
  99         fprintf(stderr,
 100                 _("%s: The -n and -w options are mutually exclusive.\n\n"),
 101                 program_name);
 102         exit(1);
 103 }
 104
 105 static blk_t currently_testing = 0;
 106 static blk_t num_blocks = 0;
 107 static ext2_badblocks_list bb_list = NULL;
 108 static FILE *out;
 109 static blk_t next_bad = 0;
 110 static ext2_badblocks_iterate bb_iter = NULL;
 111
 112 static void *allocate_buffer(size_t size)
 113 {
 114         void    *ret = 0;
 115
 116 #ifdef HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN
 117         if (posix_memalign(&ret, sys_page_size, size) < 0)
 118                 ret = 0;
 119 #else
 120 #ifdef HAVE_MEMALIGN
 121         ret = memalign(sys_page_size, size);
 122 #else
 123 #ifdef HAVE_VALLOC
 124         ret = valloc(size);
 125 #endif /* HAVE_VALLOC */
 126 #endif /* HAVE_MEMALIGN */
 127 #endif /* HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN */
 128
 129         if (!ret)
 130                 ret = malloc(size);
 131
 132         return ret;
 133 }
 134
 135 /*
 136  * This routine reports a new bad block.  If the bad block has already
 137  * been seen before, then it returns 0; otherwise it returns 1.
 138  */
 139 static int bb_output (blk_t bad)
 140 {
 141         errcode_t errcode;
 142
 143         if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list, bad))
 144                 return 0;
 145
 146         fprintf(out, "%lu\n", (unsigned long) bad);
 147         fflush(out);
 148
 149         errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_add (bb_list, bad);
 150         if (errcode) {
 151                 com_err (program_name, errcode, "adding to in-memory bad block list");
 152                 exit (1);
 153         }
 154
 155         /* kludge:
 156            increment the iteration through the bb_list if
 157            an element was just added before the current iteration
 158            position.  This should not cause next_bad to change. */
 159         if (bb_iter && bad < next_bad)
 160                 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
 161         return 1;
 162 }
 163
 164 static char *time_diff_format(struct timeval *tv1,
 165                               struct timeval *tv2, char *buf)
 166 {
 167         time_t  diff = (tv1->tv_sec - tv2->tv_sec);
 168         int     hr,min,sec;
 169
 170         sec = diff % 60;
 171         diff /= 60;
 172         min = diff % 60;
 173         hr = diff / 60;
 174
 175         if (hr)
 176                 sprintf(buf, "%d:%02d:%02d", hr, min, sec);
 177         else
 178                 sprintf(buf, "%d:%02d", min, sec);
 179         return buf;
 180 }
 181
 182 static float calc_percent(unsigned long current, unsigned long total) {
 183         float percent = 0.0;
 184         if (total <= 0)
 185                 return percent;
 186         if (current >= total) {
 187                 percent = 100.0;
 188         } else {
 189                 percent=(100.0*(float)current/(float)total);
 190         }
 191         return percent;
 192 }
 193
 194 static void print_status(void)
 195 {
 196         struct timeval time_end;
 197         char diff_buf[32], line_buf[128];
 198         int len;
 199
 200         gettimeofday(&time_end, 0);
 201         len = snprintf(line_buf, sizeof(line_buf),
 202                        _("%6.2f%% done, %s elapsed"),
 203                        calc_percent((unsigned long) currently_testing,
 204                                     (unsigned long) num_blocks),
 205                        time_diff_format(&time_end, &time_start, diff_buf));
 206         fputs(line_buf, stderr);
 207         memset(line_buf, '\b', len);
 208         line_buf[len] = 0;
 209         fputs(line_buf, stderr);
 210         fflush (stderr);
 211 }
 212
 213 static void alarm_intr(int alnum EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)))
 214 {
 215         signal (SIGALRM, alarm_intr);
 216         alarm(1);
 217         if (!num_blocks)
 218                 return;
 219         print_status();
 220 }
 221
 222 static void *terminate_addr = NULL;
 223
 224 static void terminate_intr(int signo EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)))
 225 {
 226         if (terminate_addr)
 227                 longjmp(terminate_addr,1);
 228         exit(1);
 229 }
 230
 231 static void capture_terminate(jmp_buf term_addr)
 232 {
 233         terminate_addr = term_addr;
 234         signal (SIGHUP, terminate_intr);
 235         signal (SIGINT, terminate_intr);
 236         signal (SIGPIPE, terminate_intr);
 237         signal (SIGTERM, terminate_intr);
 238         signal (SIGUSR1, terminate_intr);
 239         signal (SIGUSR2, terminate_intr);
 240 }
 241
 242 static void uncapture_terminate(void)
 243 {
 244         terminate_addr = NULL;
 245         signal (SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
 246         signal (SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
 247         signal (SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
 248         signal (SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);
 249         signal (SIGUSR1, SIG_DFL);
 250         signal (SIGUSR2, SIG_DFL);
 251 }
 252
 253 static void set_o_direct(int dev, unsigned char *buffer, size_t size,
 254                          blk_t current_block)
 255 {
 256 #ifdef O_DIRECT
 257         int new_flag = O_DIRECT;
 258         int flag;
 259
 260         if ((((unsigned long) buffer & (sys_page_size - 1)) != 0) ||
 261             ((size & (sys_page_size - 1)) != 0) ||
 262             ((current_block & ((sys_page_size >> 9)-1)) != 0))
 263                 new_flag = 0;
 264
 265         if (new_flag != current_O_DIRECT) {
 266              /* printf("%s O_DIRECT\n", new_flag ? "Setting" : "Clearing"); */
 267                 flag = fcntl(dev, F_GETFL);
 268                 if (flag > 0) {
 269                         flag = (flag & ~O_DIRECT) | new_flag;
 270                         fcntl(dev, F_SETFL, flag);
 271                 }
 272                 current_O_DIRECT = new_flag;
 273         }
 274 #endif
 275 }
 276
 277
 278 static void pattern_fill(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned int pattern,
 279                          size_t n)
 280 {
 281         unsigned int    i, nb;
 282         unsigned char   bpattern[sizeof(pattern)], *ptr;
 283
 284         if (pattern == (unsigned int) ~0) {
 285                 for (ptr = buffer; ptr < buffer + n; ptr++) {
 286                         (*ptr) = random() % (1 << (8 * sizeof(char)));
 287                 }
 288                 if (s_flag | v_flag)
 289                         fputs(_("Testing with random pattern: "), stderr);
 290         } else {
 291                 bpattern[0] = 0;
 292                 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(bpattern); i++) {
 293                         if (pattern == 0)
 294                                 break;
 295                         bpattern[i] = pattern & 0xFF;
 296                         pattern = pattern >> 8;
 297                 }
 298                 nb = i ? (i-1) : 0;
 299                 for (ptr = buffer, i = nb; ptr < buffer + n; ptr++) {
 300                         *ptr = bpattern[i];
 301                         if (i == 0)
 302                                 i = nb;
 303                         else
 304                                 i--;
 305                 }
 306                 if (s_flag | v_flag) {
 307                         fputs(_("Testing with pattern 0x"), stderr);
 308                         for (i = 0; i <= nb; i++)
 309                                 fprintf(stderr, "%02x", buffer[i]);
 310                         fputs(": ", stderr);
 311                 }
 312         }
 313 }
 314
 315 /*
 316  * Perform a read of a sequence of blocks; return the number of blocks
 317  *    successfully sequentially read.
 318  */
 319 static int do_read (int dev, unsigned char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
 320                     blk_t current_block)
 321 {
 322         long got;
 323         struct timeval tv1, tv2;
 324 #define NANOSEC (1000000000L)
 325 #define MILISEC (1000L)
 326
 327         set_o_direct(dev, buffer, try * block_size, current_block);
 328
 329         if (v_flag > 1)
 330                 print_status();
 331
 332         /* Seek to the correct loc. */
 333         if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size,
 334                          SEEK_SET) != (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size)
 335                 com_err (program_name, errno, _("during seek"));
 336
 337         /* Try the read */
 338         if (d_flag)
 339                 gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
 340         got = read (dev, buffer, try * block_size);
 341         if (d_flag)
 342                 gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
 343         if (got < 0)
 344                 got = 0;
 345         if (got & 511)
 346                 fprintf(stderr, _("Weird value (%ld) in do_read\n"), got);
 347         got /= block_size;
 348         if (d_flag && got == try) {
 349 #ifdef HAVE_NANOSLEEP
 350                 struct timespec ts;
 351                 ts.tv_sec = tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec;
 352                 ts.tv_nsec = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) * MILISEC;
 353                 if (ts.tv_nsec < 0) {
 354                         ts.tv_nsec += NANOSEC;
 355                         ts.tv_sec -= 1;
 356                 }
 357                 /* increase/decrease the sleep time based on d_flag value */
 358                 ts.tv_sec = ts.tv_sec * d_flag / 100;
 359                 ts.tv_nsec = ts.tv_nsec * d_flag / 100;
 360                 if (ts.tv_nsec > NANOSEC) {
 361                         ts.tv_sec += ts.tv_nsec / NANOSEC;
 362                         ts.tv_nsec %= NANOSEC;
 363                 }
 364                 if (ts.tv_sec || ts.tv_nsec)
 365                         nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
 366 #else
 367 #ifdef HAVE_USLEEP
 368                 struct timeval tv;
 369                 tv.tv_sec = tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec;
 370                 tv.tv_usec = tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec;
 371                 tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec * d_flag / 100;
 372                 tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec * d_flag / 100;
 373                 if (tv.tv_usec > 1000000) {
 374                         tv.tv_sec += tv.tv_usec / 1000000;
 375                         tv.tv_usec %= 1000000;
 376                 }
 377                 if (tv.tv_sec)
 378                         sleep(tv.tv_sec);
 379                 if (tv.tv_usec)
 380                         usleep(tv.tv_usec);
 381 #endif
 382 #endif
 383         }
 384         return got;
 385 }
 386
 387 /*
 388  * Perform a write of a sequence of blocks; return the number of blocks
 389  *    successfully sequentially written.
 390  */
 391 static int do_write(int dev, unsigned char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
 392                     unsigned long current_block)
 393 {
 394         long got;
 395
 396         set_o_direct(dev, buffer, try * block_size, current_block);
 397
 398         if (v_flag > 1)
 399                 print_status();
 400
 401         /* Seek to the correct loc. */
 402         if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size,
 403                          SEEK_SET) != (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size)
 404                 com_err (program_name, errno, _("during seek"));
 405
 406         /* Try the write */
 407         got = write (dev, buffer, try * block_size);
 408         if (got < 0)
 409                 got = 0;
 410         if (got & 511)
 411                 fprintf(stderr, "Weird value (%ld) in do_write\n", got);
 412         got /= block_size;
 413         return got;
 414 }
 415
 416 static int host_dev;
 417
 418 static void flush_bufs(void)
 419 {
 420         errcode_t       retval;
 421
 422         retval = ext2fs_sync_device(host_dev, 1);
 423         if (retval)
 424                 com_err(program_name, retval, _("during ext2fs_sync_device"));
 425 }
 426
 427 static unsigned int test_ro (int dev, blk_t last_block,
 428                              int block_size, blk_t first_block,
 429                              unsigned int blocks_at_once)
 430 {
 431         unsigned char * blkbuf;
 432         int try;
 433         int got;
 434         unsigned int bb_count = 0;
 435         errcode_t errcode;
 436
 437         errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list,&bb_iter);
 438         if (errcode) {
 439                 com_err (program_name, errcode,
 440                          _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
 441                 exit (1);
 442         }
 443         do {
 444                 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
 445         } while (next_bad && next_bad < first_block);
 446
 447         if (t_flag) {
 448                 blkbuf = allocate_buffer((blocks_at_once + 1) * block_size);
 449         } else {
 450                 blkbuf = allocate_buffer(blocks_at_once * block_size);
 451         }
 452         if (!blkbuf)
 453         {
 454                 com_err (program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
 455                 exit (1);
 456         }
 457         if (v_flag) {
 458                 fprintf (stderr, _("Checking blocks %lu to %lu\n"),
 459                          (unsigned long) first_block,
 460                          (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
 461         }
 462         if (t_flag) {
 463                 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in read-only mode\n"), stderr);
 464                 pattern_fill(blkbuf + blocks_at_once * block_size,
 465                              t_patts[0], block_size);
 466         }
 467         flush_bufs();
 468         try = blocks_at_once;
 469         currently_testing = first_block;
 470         num_blocks = last_block - 1;
 471         if (!t_flag && (s_flag || v_flag)) {
 472                 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): "), stderr);
 473                 if (v_flag <= 1)
 474                         alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
 475         }
 476         while (currently_testing < last_block)
 477         {
 478                 if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
 479                         if (s_flag || v_flag) {
 480                                 fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
 481                         }
 482                         break;
 483                 }
 484                 if (next_bad) {
 485                         if (currently_testing == next_bad) {
 486                                 /* fprintf (out, "%lu\n", nextbad); */
 487                                 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
 488                                 currently_testing++;
 489                                 continue;
 490                         }
 491                         else if (currently_testing + try > next_bad)
 492                                 try = next_bad - currently_testing;
 493                 }
 494                 if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
 495                         try = last_block - currently_testing;
 496                 got = do_read (dev, blkbuf, try, block_size, currently_testing);
 497                 if (t_flag) {
 498                         /* test the comparison between all the
 499                            blocks successfully read  */
 500                         int i;
 501                         for (i = 0; i < got; ++i)
 502                                 if (memcmp (blkbuf+i*block_size,
 503                                             blkbuf+blocks_at_once*block_size,
 504                                             block_size))
 505                                         bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + i);
 506                 }
 507                 currently_testing += got;
 508                 if (got == try) {
 509                         try = blocks_at_once;
 510                         /* recover page-aligned offset for O_DIRECT */
 511                         if ( (blocks_at_once >= sys_page_size >> 9)
 512                              && (currently_testing % (sys_page_size >> 9)!= 0))
 513                                 try -= (sys_page_size >> 9)
 514                                         - (currently_testing
 515                                            % (sys_page_size >> 9));
 516                         continue;
 517                 }
 518                 else
 519                         try = 1;
 520                 if (got == 0) {
 521                         bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
 522                 }
 523         }
 524         num_blocks = 0;
 525         alarm(0);
 526         if (s_flag || v_flag)
 527                 fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
 528
 529         fflush (stderr);
 530         free (blkbuf);
 531
 532         ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
 533
 534         return bb_count;
 535 }
 536
 537 static unsigned int test_rw (int dev, blk_t last_block,
 538                              int block_size, blk_t first_block,
 539                              unsigned int blocks_at_once)
 540 {
 541         unsigned char *buffer, *read_buffer;
 542         const unsigned int patterns[] = {0xaa, 0x55, 0xff, 0x00};
 543         const unsigned int *pattern;
 544         int i, try, got, nr_pattern, pat_idx;
 545         unsigned int bb_count = 0;
 546
 547         buffer = allocate_buffer(2 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
 548         read_buffer = buffer + blocks_at_once * block_size;
 549
 550         if (!buffer) {
 551                 com_err (program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
 552                 exit (1);
 553         }
 554
 555         flush_bufs();
 556
 557         if (v_flag) {
 558                 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in read-write mode\n"),
 559                       stderr);
 560                 fprintf(stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"),
 561                         (unsigned long) first_block,
 562                         (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
 563         }
 564         if (t_flag) {
 565                 pattern = t_patts;
 566                 nr_pattern = t_flag;
 567         } else {
 568                 pattern = patterns;
 569                 nr_pattern = sizeof(patterns) / sizeof(patterns[0]);
 570         }
 571         for (pat_idx = 0; pat_idx < nr_pattern; pat_idx++) {
 572                 pattern_fill(buffer, pattern[pat_idx],
 573                              blocks_at_once * block_size);
 574                 num_blocks = last_block - 1;
 575                 currently_testing = first_block;
 576                 if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
 577                         alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
 578
 579                 try = blocks_at_once;
 580                 while (currently_testing < last_block) {
 581                         if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
 582                                 if (s_flag || v_flag) {
 583                                         fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
 584                                 }
 585                                 break;
 586                         }
 587                         if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
 588                                 try = last_block - currently_testing;
 589                         got = do_write(dev, buffer, try, block_size,
 590                                         currently_testing);
 591                         if (v_flag > 1)
 592                                 print_status();
 593
 594                         currently_testing += got;
 595                         if (got == try) {
 596                                 try = blocks_at_once;
 597                                 /* recover page-aligned offset for O_DIRECT */
 598                                 if ( (blocks_at_once >= sys_page_size >> 9)
 599                                      && (currently_testing %
 600                                          (sys_page_size >> 9)!= 0))
 601                                         try -= (sys_page_size >> 9)
 602                                                 - (currently_testing
 603                                                    % (sys_page_size >> 9));
 604                                 continue;
 605                         } else
 606                                 try = 1;
 607                         if (got == 0) {
 608                                 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
 609                         }
 610                 }
 611
 612                 num_blocks = 0;
 613                 alarm (0);
 614                 if (s_flag | v_flag)
 615                         fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
 616                 flush_bufs();
 617                 if (s_flag | v_flag)
 618                         fputs(_("Reading and comparing: "), stderr);
 619                 num_blocks = last_block;
 620                 currently_testing = first_block;
 621                 if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
 622                         alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
 623
 624                 try = blocks_at_once;
 625                 while (currently_testing < last_block) {
 626                         if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
 627                                 if (s_flag || v_flag) {
 628                                         fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
 629                                 }
 630                                 break;
 631                         }
 632                         if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
 633                                 try = last_block - currently_testing;
 634                         got = do_read (dev, read_buffer, try, block_size,
 635                                        currently_testing);
 636                         if (got == 0) {
 637                                 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
 638                                 continue;
 639                         }
 640                         for (i=0; i < got; i++) {
 641                                 if (memcmp(read_buffer + i * block_size,
 642                                            buffer + i * block_size,
 643                                            block_size))
 644                                         bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing+i);
 645                         }
 646                         currently_testing += got;
 647                         /* recover page-aligned offset for O_DIRECT */
 648                         if ( (blocks_at_once >= sys_page_size >> 9)
 649                              && (currently_testing % (sys_page_size >> 9)!= 0))
 650                                 try = blocks_at_once - (sys_page_size >> 9)
 651                                         - (currently_testing
 652                                            % (sys_page_size >> 9));
 653                         else
 654                                 try = blocks_at_once;
 655                         if (v_flag > 1)
 656                                 print_status();
 657                 }
 658
 659                 num_blocks = 0;
 660                 alarm (0);
 661                 if (s_flag | v_flag)
 662                         fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
 663                 flush_bufs();
 664         }
 665         uncapture_terminate();
 666         free(buffer);
 667         return bb_count;
 668 }
 669
 670 struct saved_blk_record {
 671         blk_t   block;
 672         int     num;
 673 };
 674
 675 static unsigned int test_nd (int dev, blk_t last_block,
 676                              int block_size, blk_t first_block,
 677                              unsigned int blocks_at_once)
 678 {
 679         unsigned char *blkbuf, *save_ptr, *test_ptr, *read_ptr;
 680         unsigned char *test_base, *save_base, *read_base;
 681         int try, i;
 682         const unsigned int patterns[] = { ~0 };
 683         const unsigned int *pattern;
 684         int nr_pattern, pat_idx;
 685         int got, used2, written;
 686         blk_t save_currently_testing;
 687         struct saved_blk_record *test_record;
 688         /* This is static to prevent being clobbered by the longjmp */
 689         static int num_saved;
 690         jmp_buf terminate_env;
 691         errcode_t errcode;
 692         unsigned long buf_used;
 693         static unsigned int bb_count;
 694
 695         bb_count = 0;
 696         errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list,&bb_iter);
 697         if (errcode) {
 698                 com_err (program_name, errcode,
 699                          _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
 700                 exit (1);
 701         }
 702         do {
 703                 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
 704         } while (next_bad && next_bad < first_block);
 705
 706         blkbuf = allocate_buffer(3 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
 707         test_record = malloc (blocks_at_once*sizeof(struct saved_blk_record));
 708         if (!blkbuf || !test_record) {
 709                 com_err(program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
 710                 exit (1);
 711         }
 712
 713         save_base = blkbuf;
 714         test_base = blkbuf + (blocks_at_once * block_size);
 715         read_base = blkbuf + (2 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
 716
 717         num_saved = 0;
 718
 719         flush_bufs();
 720         if (v_flag) {
 721             fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in non-destructive read-write mode\n"), stderr);
 722             fprintf (stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"),
 723                      (unsigned long) first_block,
 724                      (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
 725         }
 726         if (s_flag || v_flag > 1) {
 727                 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks (non-destructive read-write test)\n"), stderr);
 728         }
 729         if (setjmp(terminate_env)) {
 730                 /*
 731                  * Abnormal termination by a signal is handled here.
 732                  */
 733                 signal (SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
 734                 fputs(_("\nInterrupt caught, cleaning up\n"), stderr);
 735
 736                 save_ptr = save_base;
 737                 for (i=0; i < num_saved; i++) {
 738                         do_write(dev, save_ptr, test_record[i].num,
 739                                  block_size, test_record[i].block);
 740                         save_ptr += test_record[i].num * block_size;
 741                 }
 742                 fflush (out);
 743                 exit(1);
 744         }
 745
 746         /* set up abend handler */
 747         capture_terminate(terminate_env);
 748
 749         if (t_flag) {
 750                 pattern = t_patts;
 751                 nr_pattern = t_flag;
 752         } else {
 753                 pattern = patterns;
 754                 nr_pattern = sizeof(patterns) / sizeof(patterns[0]);
 755         }
 756         for (pat_idx = 0; pat_idx < nr_pattern; pat_idx++) {
 757                 pattern_fill(test_base, pattern[pat_idx],
 758                              blocks_at_once * block_size);
 759
 760                 buf_used = 0;
 761                 bb_count = 0;
 762                 save_ptr = save_base;
 763                 test_ptr = test_base;
 764                 currently_testing = first_block;
 765                 num_blocks = last_block - 1;
 766                 if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
 767                         alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
 768
 769                 while (currently_testing < last_block) {
 770                         if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
 771                                 if (s_flag || v_flag) {
 772                                         fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
 773                                 }
 774                                 break;
 775                         }
 776                         got = try = blocks_at_once - buf_used;
 777                         if (next_bad) {
 778                                 if (currently_testing == next_bad) {
 779                                         /* fprintf (out, "%lu\n", nextbad); */
 780                                         ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
 781                                         currently_testing++;
 782                                         goto check_for_more;
 783                                 }
 784                                 else if (currently_testing + try > next_bad)
 785                                         try = next_bad - currently_testing;
 786                         }
 787                         if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
 788                                 try = last_block - currently_testing;
 789                         got = do_read (dev, save_ptr, try, block_size,
 790                                        currently_testing);
 791                         if (got == 0) {
 792                                 /* First block must have been bad. */
 793                                 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
 794                                 goto check_for_more;
 795                         }
 796
 797                         /*
 798                          * Note the fact that we've saved this much data
 799                          * *before* we overwrite it with test data
 800                          */
 801                         test_record[num_saved].block = currently_testing;
 802                         test_record[num_saved].num = got;
 803                         num_saved++;
 804
 805                         /* Write the test data */
 806                         written = do_write (dev, test_ptr, got, block_size,
 807                                             currently_testing);
 808                         if (written != got)
 809                                 com_err (program_name, errno,
 810                                          _("during test data write, block %lu"),
 811                                          (unsigned long) currently_testing +
 812                                          written);
 813
 814                         buf_used += got;
 815                         save_ptr += got * block_size;
 816                         test_ptr += got * block_size;
 817                         currently_testing += got;
 818                         if (got != try)
 819                                 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
 820
 821                 check_for_more:
 822                         /*
 823                          * If there's room for more blocks to be tested this
 824                          * around, and we're not done yet testing the disk, go
 825                          * back and get some more blocks.
 826                          */
 827                         if ((buf_used != blocks_at_once) &&
 828                             (currently_testing < last_block))
 829                                 continue;
 830
 831                         flush_bufs();
 832                         save_currently_testing = currently_testing;
 833
 834                         /*
 835                          * for each contiguous block that we read into the
 836                          * buffer (and wrote test data into afterwards), read
 837                          * it back (looping if necessary, to get past newly
 838                          * discovered unreadable blocks, of which there should
 839                          * be none, but with a hard drive which is unreliable,
 840                          * it has happened), and compare with the test data
 841                          * that was written; output to the bad block list if
 842                          * it doesn't match.
 843                          */
 844                         used2 = 0;
 845                         save_ptr = save_base;
 846                         test_ptr = test_base;
 847                         read_ptr = read_base;
 848                         try = 0;
 849
 850                         while (1) {
 851                                 if (try == 0) {
 852                                         if (used2 >= num_saved)
 853                                                 break;
 854                                         currently_testing = test_record[used2].block;
 855                                         try = test_record[used2].num;
 856                                         used2++;
 857                                 }
 858
 859                                 got = do_read (dev, read_ptr, try,
 860                                                block_size, currently_testing);
 861
 862                                 /* test the comparison between all the
 863                                    blocks successfully read  */
 864                                 for (i = 0; i < got; ++i)
 865                                         if (memcmp (test_ptr+i*block_size,
 866                                                     read_ptr+i*block_size, block_size))
 867                                                 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + i);
 868                                 if (got < try) {
 869                                         bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + got);
 870                                         got++;
 871                                 }
 872
 873                                 /* write back original data */
 874                                 do_write (dev, save_ptr, got,
 875                                           block_size, currently_testing);
 876                                 save_ptr += got * block_size;
 877
 878                                 currently_testing += got;
 879                                 test_ptr += got * block_size;
 880                                 read_ptr += got * block_size;
 881                                 try -= got;
 882                         }
 883
 884                         /* empty the buffer so it can be reused */
 885                         num_saved = 0;
 886                         buf_used = 0;
 887                         save_ptr = save_base;
 888                         test_ptr = test_base;
 889                         currently_testing = save_currently_testing;
 890                 }
 891                 num_blocks = 0;
 892                 alarm(0);
 893                 if (s_flag || v_flag > 1)
 894                         fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
 895
 896                 flush_bufs();
 897         }
 898         uncapture_terminate();
 899         fflush(stderr);
 900         free(blkbuf);
 901         free(test_record);
 902
 903         ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
 904
 905         return bb_count;
 906 }
 907
 908 static void check_mount(char *device_name)
 909 {
 910         errcode_t       retval;
 911         int             mount_flags;
 912
 913         retval = ext2fs_check_if_mounted(device_name, &mount_flags);
 914         if (retval) {
 915                 com_err("ext2fs_check_if_mount", retval,
 916                         _("while determining whether %s is mounted."),
 917                         device_name);
 918                 return;
 919         }
 920         if (mount_flags & EXT2_MF_MOUNTED) {
 921                 fprintf(stderr, _("%s is mounted; "), device_name);
 922                 if (force) {
 923                         fputs(_("badblocks forced anyway.  "
 924                                 "Hope /etc/mtab is incorrect.\n"), stderr);
 925                         return;
 926                 }
 927         abort_badblocks:
 928                 fputs(_("it's not safe to run badblocks!\n"), stderr);
 929                 exit(1);
 930         }
 931
 932         if ((mount_flags & EXT2_MF_BUSY) && !exclusive_ok) {
 933                 fprintf(stderr, _("%s is apparently in use by the system; "),
 934                         device_name);
 935                 if (force)
 936                         fputs(_("badblocks forced anyway.\n"), stderr);
 937                 else
 938                         goto abort_badblocks;
 939         }
 940
 941 }
 942
 943 /*
 944  * This function will convert a string to an unsigned long, printing
 945  * an error message if it fails, and returning success or failure in err.
 946  */
 947 static unsigned int parse_uint(const char *str, const char *descr)
 948 {
 949         char            *tmp;
 950         unsigned long   ret;
 951
 952         errno = 0;
 953         ret = strtoul(str, &tmp, 0);
 954         if (*tmp || errno || (ret > UINT_MAX) ||
 955             (ret == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)) {
 956                 com_err (program_name, 0, _("invalid %s - %s"), descr, str);
 957                 exit (1);
 958         }
 959         return ret;
 960 }
 961
 962 int main (int argc, char ** argv)
 963 {
 964         int c;
 965         char * device_name;
 966         char * host_device_name = NULL;
 967         char * input_file = NULL;
 968         char * output_file = NULL;
 969         FILE * in = NULL;
 970         int block_size = 1024;
 971         unsigned int blocks_at_once = 64;
 972         blk_t last_block, first_block;
 973         int num_passes = 0;
 974         int passes_clean = 0;
 975         int dev;
 976         errcode_t errcode;
 977         unsigned int pattern;
 978         unsigned int (*test_func)(int, blk_t,
 979                                   int, blk_t,
 980                                   unsigned int);
 981         int open_flag;
 982         long sysval;
 983
 984         setbuf(stdout, NULL);
 985         setbuf(stderr, NULL);
 986 #ifdef ENABLE_NLS
 987         setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
 988         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
 989         bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
 990         textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
 991 #endif
 992         srandom((unsigned int)time(NULL));  /* simple randomness is enough */
 993         test_func = test_ro;
 994
 995         /* Determine the system page size if possible */
 996 #ifdef HAVE_SYSCONF
 997 #if (!defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) && defined(_SC_PAGE_SIZE))
 998 #define _SC_PAGESIZE _SC_PAGE_SIZE
 999 #endif
1000 #ifdef _SC_PAGESIZE
1001         sysval = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
1002         if (sysval > 0)
1003                 sys_page_size = sysval;
1004 #endif /* _SC_PAGESIZE */
1005 #endif /* HAVE_SYSCONF */
1006
1007         if (argc && *argv)
1008                 program_name = *argv;
1009         while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "b:d:e:fi:o:svwnc:p:h:t:X")) != EOF) {
1010                 switch (c) {
1011                 case 'b':
1012                         block_size = parse_uint(optarg, "block size");
1013                         break;
1014                 case 'f':
1015                         force++;
1016                         break;
1017                 case 'i':
1018                         input_file = optarg;
1019                         break;
1020                 case 'o':
1021                         output_file = optarg;
1022                         break;
1023                 case 's':
1024                         s_flag = 1;
1025                         break;
1026                 case 'v':
1027                         v_flag++;
1028                         break;
1029                 case 'w':
1030                         if (w_flag)
1031                                 exclusive_usage();
1032                         test_func = test_rw;
1033                         w_flag = 1;
1034                         break;
1035                 case 'n':
1036                         if (w_flag)
1037                                 exclusive_usage();
1038                         test_func = test_nd;
1039                         w_flag = 2;
1040                         break;
1041                 case 'c':
1042                         blocks_at_once = parse_uint(optarg, "blocks at once");
1043                         break;
1044                 case 'e':
1045                         max_bb = parse_uint(optarg, "max bad block count");
1046                         break;
1047                 case 'd':
1048                         d_flag = parse_uint(optarg, "read delay factor");
1049                         break;
1050                 case 'p':
1051                         num_passes = parse_uint(optarg,
1052                                                 "number of clean passes");
1053                         break;
1054                 case 'h':
1055                         host_device_name = optarg;
1056                         break;
1057                 case 't':
1058                         if (t_flag + 1 > t_max) {
1059                                 unsigned int *t_patts_new;
1060
1061                                 t_patts_new = realloc(t_patts, sizeof(int) *
1062                                                       (t_max + T_INC));
1063                                 if (!t_patts_new) {
1064                                         com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
1065                                                 _("can't allocate memory for "
1066                                                   "test_pattern - %s"),
1067                                                 optarg);
1068                                         exit(1);
1069                                 }
1070                                 t_patts = t_patts_new;
1071                                 t_max += T_INC;
1072                         }
1073                         if (!strcmp(optarg, "r") || !strcmp(optarg,"random")) {
1074                                 t_patts[t_flag++] = ~0;
1075                         } else {
1076                                 pattern = parse_uint(optarg, "test pattern");
1077                                 if (pattern == (unsigned int) ~0)
1078                                         pattern = 0xffff;
1079                                 t_patts[t_flag++] = pattern;
1080                         }
1081                         break;
1082                 case 'X':
1083                         exclusive_ok++;
1084                         break;
1085                 default:
1086                         usage();
1087                 }
1088         }
1089         if (!w_flag) {
1090                 if (t_flag > 1) {
1091                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1092                         _("Maximum of one test_pattern may be specified "
1093                           "in read-only mode"));
1094                         exit(1);
1095                 }
1096                 if (t_patts && (t_patts[0] == (unsigned int) ~0)) {
1097                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1098                         _("Random test_pattern is not allowed "
1099                           "in read-only mode"));
1100                         exit(1);
1101                 }
1102         }
1103         if (optind > argc - 1)
1104                 usage();
1105         device_name = argv[optind++];
1106         if (optind > argc - 1) {
1107                 errcode = ext2fs_get_device_size(device_name,
1108                                                  block_size,
1109                                                  &last_block);
1110                 if (errcode == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
1111                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1112                                 _("Couldn't determine device size; you "
1113                                   "must specify\nthe size manually\n"));
1114                         exit(1);
1115                 }
1116                 if (errcode) {
1117                         com_err(program_name, errcode,
1118                                 _("while trying to determine device size"));
1119                         exit(1);
1120                 }
1121         } else {
1122                 errno = 0;
1123                 last_block = parse_uint(argv[optind], _("last block"));
1124                 last_block++;
1125                 optind++;
1126         }
1127         if (optind <= argc-1) {
1128                 errno = 0;
1129                 first_block = parse_uint(argv[optind], _("first block"));
1130         } else first_block = 0;
1131         if (first_block >= last_block) {
1132             com_err (program_name, 0, _("invalid starting block (%lu): must be less than %lu"),
1133                      (unsigned long) first_block, (unsigned long) last_block);
1134             exit (1);
1135         }
1136         if (w_flag)
1137                 check_mount(device_name);
1138
1139         gettimeofday(&time_start, 0);
1140         open_flag = O_LARGEFILE | (w_flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY);
1141         dev = open (device_name, open_flag);
1142         if (dev == -1) {
1143                 com_err (program_name, errno, _("while trying to open %s"),
1144                          device_name);
1145                 exit (1);
1146         }
1147         if (host_device_name) {
1148                 host_dev = open (host_device_name, open_flag);
1149                 if (host_dev == -1) {
1150                         com_err (program_name, errno,
1151                                  _("while trying to open %s"),
1152                                  host_device_name);
1153                         exit (1);
1154                 }
1155         } else
1156                 host_dev = dev;
1157         if (input_file) {
1158                 if (strcmp (input_file, "-") == 0)
1159                         in = stdin;
1160                 else {
1161                         in = fopen (input_file, "r");
1162                         if (in == NULL)
1163                         {
1164                                 com_err (program_name, errno,
1165                                          _("while trying to open %s"),
1166                                          input_file);
1167                                 exit (1);
1168                         }
1169                 }
1170         }
1171         if (output_file && strcmp (output_file, "-") != 0)
1172         {
1173                 out = fopen (output_file, "w");
1174                 if (out == NULL)
1175                 {
1176                         com_err (program_name, errno,
1177                                  _("while trying to open %s"),
1178                                  output_file);
1179                         exit (1);
1180                 }
1181         }
1182         else
1183                 out = stdout;
1184
1185         errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_create(&bb_list,0);
1186         if (errcode) {
1187                 com_err (program_name, errcode,
1188                          _("while creating in-memory bad blocks list"));
1189                 exit (1);
1190         }
1191
1192         if (in) {
1193                 for(;;) {
1194                         switch(fscanf (in, "%u\n", &next_bad)) {
1195                                 case 0:
1196                                         com_err (program_name, 0, "input file - bad format");
1197                                         exit (1);
1198                                 case EOF:
1199                                         break;
1200                                 default:
1201                                         errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_add(bb_list,next_bad);
1202                                         if (errcode) {
1203                                                 com_err (program_name, errcode, _("while adding to in-memory bad block list"));
1204                                                 exit (1);
1205                                         }
1206                                         continue;
1207                         }
1208                         break;
1209                 }
1210
1211                 if (in != stdin)
1212                         fclose (in);
1213         }
1214
1215         do {
1216                 unsigned int bb_count;
1217
1218                 bb_count = test_func(dev, last_block, block_size,
1219                                      first_block, blocks_at_once);
1220                 if (bb_count)
1221                         passes_clean = 0;
1222                 else
1223                         ++passes_clean;
1224
1225                 if (v_flag)
1226                         fprintf(stderr,
1227                                 _("Pass completed, %u bad blocks found.\n"),
1228                                 bb_count);
1229
1230         } while (passes_clean < num_passes);
1231
1232         close (dev);
1233         if (out != stdout)
1234                 fclose (out);
1235         free(t_patts);
1236         return 0;
1237 }
1238