misc/badblocks.c

   1 /*
   2  * badblocks.c          - Bad blocks checker
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994  Remy Card <card@masi.ibp.fr>
   5  *                                 Laboratoire MASI, Institut Blaise Pascal
   6  *                                 Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
   7  *
   8  * Copyright 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 by Theodore Ts'o
   9  * Copyright 1999 by David Beattie
  10  *
  11  * This file is based on the minix file system programs fsck and mkfs
  12  * written and copyrighted by Linus Torvalds <Linus.Torvalds@cs.helsinki.fi>
  13  *
  14  * %Begin-Header%
  15  * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
  16  * License.
  17  * %End-Header%
  18  */
  19
  20 /*
  21  * History:
  22  * 93/05/26     - Creation from e2fsck
  23  * 94/02/27     - Made a separate bad blocks checker
  24  * 99/06/30...99/07/26 - Added non-destructive write-testing,
  25  *                       configurable blocks-at-once parameter,
  26  *                       loading of badblocks list to avoid testing
  27  *                       blocks known to be bad, multiple passes to
  28  *                       make sure that no new blocks are added to the
  29  *                       list.  (Work done by David Beattie)
  30  */
  31
  32 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for O_DIRECT */
  33
  34 #ifndef O_LARGEFILE
  35 #define O_LARGEFILE 0
  36 #endif
  37
  38 #include <errno.h>
  39 #include <fcntl.h>
  40 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
  41 #include <getopt.h>
  42 #else
  43 extern char *optarg;
  44 extern int optind;
  45 #endif
  46 #include <signal.h>
  47 #include <stdio.h>
  48 #include <stdlib.h>
  49 #include <string.h>
  50 #include <unistd.h>
  51 #include <setjmp.h>
  52 #include <time.h>
  53 #include <limits.h>
  54
  55 #include <sys/time.h>
  56 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  57 #include <sys/types.h>
  58
  59 #include "et/com_err.h"
  60 #include "ext2fs/ext2_io.h"
  61 #include "ext2fs/ext2_fs.h"
  62 #include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
  63 #include "nls-enable.h"
  64
  65 const char * program_name = "badblocks";
  66 const char * done_string = N_("done                                \n");
  67
  68 static int v_flag = 0;                  /* verbose */
  69 static int w_flag = 0;                  /* do r/w test: 0=no, 1=yes,
  70                                          * 2=non-destructive */
  71 static int s_flag = 0;                  /* show progress of test */
  72 static int force = 0;                   /* force check of mounted device */
  73 static int t_flag = 0;                  /* number of test patterns */
  74 static int t_max = 0;                   /* allocated test patterns */
  75 static unsigned int *t_patts = NULL;    /* test patterns */
  76 static int current_O_DIRECT = 0;        /* Current status of O_DIRECT flag */
  77 static int exclusive_ok = 0;
  78 static unsigned int max_bb = 0;         /* Abort test if more than this number of bad blocks has been encountered */
  79 static unsigned int d_flag = 0;         /* delay factor between reads */
  80 static struct timeval time_start;
  81
  82 #define T_INC 32
  83
  84 unsigned int sys_page_size = 4096;
  85
  86 static void usage(void)
  87 {
  88         fprintf(stderr, _(
  89 "Usage: %s [-b block_size] [-i input_file] [-o output_file] [-svwnf]\n"
  90 "       [-c blocks_at_once] [-d delay_factor_between_reads] [-e max_bad_blocks]\n"
  91 "       [-p num_passes] [-t test_pattern [-t test_pattern [...]]]\n"
  92 "       device [last_block [first_block]]\n"),
  93                  program_name);
  94         exit (1);
  95 }
  96
  97 static void exclusive_usage(void)
  98 {
  99         fprintf(stderr,
 100                 _("%s: The -n and -w options are mutually exclusive.\n\n"),
 101                 program_name);
 102         exit(1);
 103 }
 104
 105 static blk_t currently_testing = 0;
 106 static blk_t num_blocks = 0;
 107 static ext2_badblocks_list bb_list = NULL;
 108 static FILE *out;
 109 static blk_t next_bad = 0;
 110 static ext2_badblocks_iterate bb_iter = NULL;
 111
 112 static void *allocate_buffer(size_t size)
 113 {
 114         void    *ret = 0;
 115
 116 #ifdef HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN
 117         if (posix_memalign(&ret, sys_page_size, size) < 0)
 118                 ret = 0;
 119 #else
 120 #ifdef HAVE_MEMALIGN
 121         ret = memalign(sys_page_size, size);
 122 #else
 123 #ifdef HAVE_VALLOC
 124         ret = valloc(size);
 125 #endif /* HAVE_VALLOC */
 126 #endif /* HAVE_MEMALIGN */
 127 #endif /* HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN */
 128
 129         if (!ret)
 130                 ret = malloc(size);
 131
 132         return ret;
 133 }
 134
 135 /*
 136  * This routine reports a new bad block.  If the bad block has already
 137  * been seen before, then it returns 0; otherwise it returns 1.
 138  */
 139 static int bb_output (blk_t bad)
 140 {
 141         errcode_t errcode;
 142
 143         if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list, bad))
 144                 return 0;
 145
 146         fprintf(out, "%lu\n", (unsigned long) bad);
 147         fflush(out);
 148
 149         errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_add (bb_list, bad);
 150         if (errcode) {
 151                 com_err (program_name, errcode, "adding to in-memory bad block list");
 152                 exit (1);
 153         }
 154
 155         /* kludge:
 156            increment the iteration through the bb_list if
 157            an element was just added before the current iteration
 158            position.  This should not cause next_bad to change. */
 159         if (bb_iter && bad < next_bad)
 160                 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
 161         return 1;
 162 }
 163
 164 static char *time_diff_format(struct timeval *tv1,
 165                               struct timeval *tv2, char *buf)
 166 {
 167         time_t  diff = (tv1->tv_sec - tv2->tv_sec);
 168         int     hr,min,sec;
 169
 170         sec = diff % 60;
 171         diff /= 60;
 172         min = diff % 60;
 173         hr = diff / 60;
 174
 175         if (hr)
 176                 sprintf(buf, "%d:%02d:%02d", hr, min, sec);
 177         else
 178                 sprintf(buf, "%d:%02d", min, sec);
 179         return buf;
 180 }
 181
 182 static float calc_percent(unsigned long current, unsigned long total) {
 183         float percent = 0.0;
 184         if (total <= 0)
 185                 return percent;
 186         if (current >= total) {
 187                 percent = 100.0;
 188         } else {
 189                 percent=(100.0*(float)current/(float)total);
 190         }
 191         return percent;
 192 }
 193
 194 static void print_status(void)
 195 {
 196         struct timeval time_end;
 197         char diff_buf[32], line_buf[128];
 198         int len;
 199
 200         gettimeofday(&time_end, 0);
 201         len = snprintf(line_buf, sizeof(line_buf),
 202                        _("%6.2f%% done, %s elapsed"),
 203                        calc_percent((unsigned long) currently_testing,
 204                                     (unsigned long) num_blocks),
 205                        time_diff_format(&time_end, &time_start, diff_buf));
 206         fputs(line_buf, stderr);
 207         memset(line_buf, '\b', len);
 208         line_buf[len] = 0;
 209         fputs(line_buf, stderr);
 210         fflush (stderr);
 211 }
 212
 213 static void alarm_intr(int alnum EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)))
 214 {
 215         signal (SIGALRM, alarm_intr);
 216         alarm(1);
 217         if (!num_blocks)
 218                 return;
 219         print_status();
 220 }
 221
 222 static void *terminate_addr = NULL;
 223
 224 static void terminate_intr(int signo EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)))
 225 {
 226         fprintf(stderr, "\n\nInterrupted at block %llu\n",
 227                 (unsigned long long) currently_testing);
 228         fflush(stderr);
 229         if (terminate_addr)
 230                 longjmp(terminate_addr,1);
 231         exit(1);
 232 }
 233
 234 static void capture_terminate(jmp_buf term_addr)
 235 {
 236         terminate_addr = term_addr;
 237         signal (SIGHUP, terminate_intr);
 238         signal (SIGINT, terminate_intr);
 239         signal (SIGPIPE, terminate_intr);
 240         signal (SIGTERM, terminate_intr);
 241         signal (SIGUSR1, terminate_intr);
 242         signal (SIGUSR2, terminate_intr);
 243 }
 244
 245 static void uncapture_terminate(void)
 246 {
 247         terminate_addr = NULL;
 248         signal (SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
 249         signal (SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
 250         signal (SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
 251         signal (SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);
 252         signal (SIGUSR1, SIG_DFL);
 253         signal (SIGUSR2, SIG_DFL);
 254 }
 255
 256 static void set_o_direct(int dev, unsigned char *buffer, size_t size,
 257                          blk_t current_block)
 258 {
 259 #ifdef O_DIRECT
 260         int new_flag = O_DIRECT;
 261         int flag;
 262
 263         if ((((unsigned long) buffer & (sys_page_size - 1)) != 0) ||
 264             ((size & (sys_page_size - 1)) != 0) ||
 265             ((current_block & ((sys_page_size >> 9)-1)) != 0))
 266                 new_flag = 0;
 267
 268         if (new_flag != current_O_DIRECT) {
 269              /* printf("%s O_DIRECT\n", new_flag ? "Setting" : "Clearing"); */
 270                 flag = fcntl(dev, F_GETFL);
 271                 if (flag > 0) {
 272                         flag = (flag & ~O_DIRECT) | new_flag;
 273                         fcntl(dev, F_SETFL, flag);
 274                 }
 275                 current_O_DIRECT = new_flag;
 276         }
 277 #endif
 278 }
 279
 280
 281 static void pattern_fill(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned int pattern,
 282                          size_t n)
 283 {
 284         unsigned int    i, nb;
 285         unsigned char   bpattern[sizeof(pattern)], *ptr;
 286
 287         if (pattern == (unsigned int) ~0) {
 288                 for (ptr = buffer; ptr < buffer + n; ptr++) {
 289                         (*ptr) = random() % (1 << (8 * sizeof(char)));
 290                 }
 291                 if (s_flag | v_flag)
 292                         fputs(_("Testing with random pattern: "), stderr);
 293         } else {
 294                 bpattern[0] = 0;
 295                 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(bpattern); i++) {
 296                         if (pattern == 0)
 297                                 break;
 298                         bpattern[i] = pattern & 0xFF;
 299                         pattern = pattern >> 8;
 300                 }
 301                 nb = i ? (i-1) : 0;
 302                 for (ptr = buffer, i = nb; ptr < buffer + n; ptr++) {
 303                         *ptr = bpattern[i];
 304                         if (i == 0)
 305                                 i = nb;
 306                         else
 307                                 i--;
 308                 }
 309                 if (s_flag | v_flag) {
 310                         fputs(_("Testing with pattern 0x"), stderr);
 311                         for (i = 0; i <= nb; i++)
 312                                 fprintf(stderr, "%02x", buffer[i]);
 313                         fputs(": ", stderr);
 314                 }
 315         }
 316 }
 317
 318 /*
 319  * Perform a read of a sequence of blocks; return the number of blocks
 320  *    successfully sequentially read.
 321  */
 322 static int do_read (int dev, unsigned char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
 323                     blk_t current_block)
 324 {
 325         long got;
 326         struct timeval tv1, tv2;
 327 #define NANOSEC (1000000000L)
 328 #define MILISEC (1000L)
 329
 330         set_o_direct(dev, buffer, try * block_size, current_block);
 331
 332         if (v_flag > 1)
 333                 print_status();
 334
 335         /* Seek to the correct loc. */
 336         if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size,
 337                          SEEK_SET) != (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size)
 338                 com_err (program_name, errno, _("during seek"));
 339
 340         /* Try the read */
 341         if (d_flag)
 342                 gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
 343         got = read (dev, buffer, try * block_size);
 344         if (d_flag)
 345                 gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
 346         if (got < 0)
 347                 got = 0;
 348         if (got & 511)
 349                 fprintf(stderr, _("Weird value (%ld) in do_read\n"), got);
 350         got /= block_size;
 351         if (d_flag && got == try) {
 352 #ifdef HAVE_NANOSLEEP
 353                 struct timespec ts;
 354                 ts.tv_sec = tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec;
 355                 ts.tv_nsec = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) * MILISEC;
 356                 if (ts.tv_nsec < 0) {
 357                         ts.tv_nsec += NANOSEC;
 358                         ts.tv_sec -= 1;
 359                 }
 360                 /* increase/decrease the sleep time based on d_flag value */
 361                 ts.tv_sec = ts.tv_sec * d_flag / 100;
 362                 ts.tv_nsec = ts.tv_nsec * d_flag / 100;
 363                 if (ts.tv_nsec > NANOSEC) {
 364                         ts.tv_sec += ts.tv_nsec / NANOSEC;
 365                         ts.tv_nsec %= NANOSEC;
 366                 }
 367                 if (ts.tv_sec || ts.tv_nsec)
 368                         nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
 369 #else
 370 #ifdef HAVE_USLEEP
 371                 struct timeval tv;
 372                 tv.tv_sec = tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec;
 373                 tv.tv_usec = tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec;
 374                 tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec * d_flag / 100;
 375                 tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec * d_flag / 100;
 376                 if (tv.tv_usec > 1000000) {
 377                         tv.tv_sec += tv.tv_usec / 1000000;
 378                         tv.tv_usec %= 1000000;
 379                 }
 380                 if (tv.tv_sec)
 381                         sleep(tv.tv_sec);
 382                 if (tv.tv_usec)
 383                         usleep(tv.tv_usec);
 384 #endif
 385 #endif
 386         }
 387         return got;
 388 }
 389
 390 /*
 391  * Perform a write of a sequence of blocks; return the number of blocks
 392  *    successfully sequentially written.
 393  */
 394 static int do_write(int dev, unsigned char * buffer, int try, int block_size,
 395                     unsigned long current_block)
 396 {
 397         long got;
 398
 399         set_o_direct(dev, buffer, try * block_size, current_block);
 400
 401         if (v_flag > 1)
 402                 print_status();
 403
 404         /* Seek to the correct loc. */
 405         if (ext2fs_llseek (dev, (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size,
 406                          SEEK_SET) != (ext2_loff_t) current_block * block_size)
 407                 com_err (program_name, errno, _("during seek"));
 408
 409         /* Try the write */
 410         got = write (dev, buffer, try * block_size);
 411         if (got < 0)
 412                 got = 0;
 413         if (got & 511)
 414                 fprintf(stderr, "Weird value (%ld) in do_write\n", got);
 415         got /= block_size;
 416         return got;
 417 }
 418
 419 static int host_dev;
 420
 421 static void flush_bufs(void)
 422 {
 423         errcode_t       retval;
 424
 425         retval = ext2fs_sync_device(host_dev, 1);
 426         if (retval)
 427                 com_err(program_name, retval, _("during ext2fs_sync_device"));
 428 }
 429
 430 static unsigned int test_ro (int dev, blk_t last_block,
 431                              int block_size, blk_t first_block,
 432                              unsigned int blocks_at_once)
 433 {
 434         unsigned char * blkbuf;
 435         int try;
 436         int got;
 437         unsigned int bb_count = 0;
 438         errcode_t errcode;
 439
 440         /* set up abend handler */
 441         capture_terminate(NULL);
 442
 443         errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list,&bb_iter);
 444         if (errcode) {
 445                 com_err (program_name, errcode,
 446                          _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
 447                 exit (1);
 448         }
 449         do {
 450                 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
 451         } while (next_bad && next_bad < first_block);
 452
 453         if (t_flag) {
 454                 blkbuf = allocate_buffer((blocks_at_once + 1) * block_size);
 455         } else {
 456                 blkbuf = allocate_buffer(blocks_at_once * block_size);
 457         }
 458         if (!blkbuf)
 459         {
 460                 com_err (program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
 461                 exit (1);
 462         }
 463         if (v_flag) {
 464                 fprintf (stderr, _("Checking blocks %lu to %lu\n"),
 465                          (unsigned long) first_block,
 466                          (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
 467         }
 468         if (t_flag) {
 469                 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in read-only mode\n"), stderr);
 470                 pattern_fill(blkbuf + blocks_at_once * block_size,
 471                              t_patts[0], block_size);
 472         }
 473         flush_bufs();
 474         try = blocks_at_once;
 475         currently_testing = first_block;
 476         num_blocks = last_block - 1;
 477         if (!t_flag && (s_flag || v_flag)) {
 478                 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): "), stderr);
 479                 if (v_flag <= 1)
 480                         alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
 481         }
 482         while (currently_testing < last_block)
 483         {
 484                 if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
 485                         if (s_flag || v_flag) {
 486                                 fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
 487                         }
 488                         break;
 489                 }
 490                 if (next_bad) {
 491                         if (currently_testing == next_bad) {
 492                                 /* fprintf (out, "%lu\n", nextbad); */
 493                                 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
 494                                 currently_testing++;
 495                                 continue;
 496                         }
 497                         else if (currently_testing + try > next_bad)
 498                                 try = next_bad - currently_testing;
 499                 }
 500                 if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
 501                         try = last_block - currently_testing;
 502                 got = do_read (dev, blkbuf, try, block_size, currently_testing);
 503                 if (t_flag) {
 504                         /* test the comparison between all the
 505                            blocks successfully read  */
 506                         int i;
 507                         for (i = 0; i < got; ++i)
 508                                 if (memcmp (blkbuf+i*block_size,
 509                                             blkbuf+blocks_at_once*block_size,
 510                                             block_size))
 511                                         bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + i);
 512                 }
 513                 currently_testing += got;
 514                 if (got == try) {
 515                         try = blocks_at_once;
 516                         /* recover page-aligned offset for O_DIRECT */
 517                         if ( (blocks_at_once >= sys_page_size >> 9)
 518                              && (currently_testing % (sys_page_size >> 9)!= 0))
 519                                 try -= (sys_page_size >> 9)
 520                                         - (currently_testing
 521                                            % (sys_page_size >> 9));
 522                         continue;
 523                 }
 524                 else
 525                         try = 1;
 526                 if (got == 0) {
 527                         bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
 528                 }
 529         }
 530         num_blocks = 0;
 531         alarm(0);
 532         if (s_flag || v_flag)
 533                 fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
 534
 535         fflush (stderr);
 536         free (blkbuf);
 537
 538         ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
 539
 540         uncapture_terminate();
 541
 542         return bb_count;
 543 }
 544
 545 static unsigned int test_rw (int dev, blk_t last_block,
 546                              int block_size, blk_t first_block,
 547                              unsigned int blocks_at_once)
 548 {
 549         unsigned char *buffer, *read_buffer;
 550         const unsigned int patterns[] = {0xaa, 0x55, 0xff, 0x00};
 551         const unsigned int *pattern;
 552         int i, try, got, nr_pattern, pat_idx;
 553         unsigned int bb_count = 0;
 554
 555         /* set up abend handler */
 556         capture_terminate(NULL);
 557
 558         buffer = allocate_buffer(2 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
 559         read_buffer = buffer + blocks_at_once * block_size;
 560
 561         if (!buffer) {
 562                 com_err (program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
 563                 exit (1);
 564         }
 565
 566         flush_bufs();
 567
 568         if (v_flag) {
 569                 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in read-write mode\n"),
 570                       stderr);
 571                 fprintf(stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"),
 572                         (unsigned long) first_block,
 573                         (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
 574         }
 575         if (t_flag) {
 576                 pattern = t_patts;
 577                 nr_pattern = t_flag;
 578         } else {
 579                 pattern = patterns;
 580                 nr_pattern = sizeof(patterns) / sizeof(patterns[0]);
 581         }
 582         for (pat_idx = 0; pat_idx < nr_pattern; pat_idx++) {
 583                 pattern_fill(buffer, pattern[pat_idx],
 584                              blocks_at_once * block_size);
 585                 num_blocks = last_block - 1;
 586                 currently_testing = first_block;
 587                 if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
 588                         alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
 589
 590                 try = blocks_at_once;
 591                 while (currently_testing < last_block) {
 592                         if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
 593                                 if (s_flag || v_flag) {
 594                                         fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
 595                                 }
 596                                 break;
 597                         }
 598                         if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
 599                                 try = last_block - currently_testing;
 600                         got = do_write(dev, buffer, try, block_size,
 601                                         currently_testing);
 602                         if (v_flag > 1)
 603                                 print_status();
 604
 605                         currently_testing += got;
 606                         if (got == try) {
 607                                 try = blocks_at_once;
 608                                 /* recover page-aligned offset for O_DIRECT */
 609                                 if ( (blocks_at_once >= sys_page_size >> 9)
 610                                      && (currently_testing %
 611                                          (sys_page_size >> 9)!= 0))
 612                                         try -= (sys_page_size >> 9)
 613                                                 - (currently_testing
 614                                                    % (sys_page_size >> 9));
 615                                 continue;
 616                         } else
 617                                 try = 1;
 618                         if (got == 0) {
 619                                 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
 620                         }
 621                 }
 622
 623                 num_blocks = 0;
 624                 alarm (0);
 625                 if (s_flag | v_flag)
 626                         fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
 627                 flush_bufs();
 628                 if (s_flag | v_flag)
 629                         fputs(_("Reading and comparing: "), stderr);
 630                 num_blocks = last_block;
 631                 currently_testing = first_block;
 632                 if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
 633                         alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
 634
 635                 try = blocks_at_once;
 636                 while (currently_testing < last_block) {
 637                         if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
 638                                 if (s_flag || v_flag) {
 639                                         fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
 640                                 }
 641                                 break;
 642                         }
 643                         if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
 644                                 try = last_block - currently_testing;
 645                         got = do_read (dev, read_buffer, try, block_size,
 646                                        currently_testing);
 647                         if (got == 0) {
 648                                 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
 649                                 continue;
 650                         }
 651                         for (i=0; i < got; i++) {
 652                                 if (memcmp(read_buffer + i * block_size,
 653                                            buffer + i * block_size,
 654                                            block_size))
 655                                         bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing+i);
 656                         }
 657                         currently_testing += got;
 658                         /* recover page-aligned offset for O_DIRECT */
 659                         if ( (blocks_at_once >= sys_page_size >> 9)
 660                              && (currently_testing % (sys_page_size >> 9)!= 0))
 661                                 try = blocks_at_once - (sys_page_size >> 9)
 662                                         - (currently_testing
 663                                            % (sys_page_size >> 9));
 664                         else
 665                                 try = blocks_at_once;
 666                         if (v_flag > 1)
 667                                 print_status();
 668                 }
 669
 670                 num_blocks = 0;
 671                 alarm (0);
 672                 if (s_flag | v_flag)
 673                         fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
 674                 flush_bufs();
 675         }
 676         uncapture_terminate();
 677         free(buffer);
 678         return bb_count;
 679 }
 680
 681 struct saved_blk_record {
 682         blk_t   block;
 683         int     num;
 684 };
 685
 686 static unsigned int test_nd (int dev, blk_t last_block,
 687                              int block_size, blk_t first_block,
 688                              unsigned int blocks_at_once)
 689 {
 690         unsigned char *blkbuf, *save_ptr, *test_ptr, *read_ptr;
 691         unsigned char *test_base, *save_base, *read_base;
 692         int try, i;
 693         const unsigned int patterns[] = { ~0 };
 694         const unsigned int *pattern;
 695         int nr_pattern, pat_idx;
 696         int got, used2, written;
 697         blk_t save_currently_testing;
 698         struct saved_blk_record *test_record;
 699         /* This is static to prevent being clobbered by the longjmp */
 700         static int num_saved;
 701         jmp_buf terminate_env;
 702         errcode_t errcode;
 703         unsigned long buf_used;
 704         static unsigned int bb_count;
 705
 706         bb_count = 0;
 707         errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list,&bb_iter);
 708         if (errcode) {
 709                 com_err (program_name, errcode,
 710                          _("while beginning bad block list iteration"));
 711                 exit (1);
 712         }
 713         do {
 714                 ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
 715         } while (next_bad && next_bad < first_block);
 716
 717         blkbuf = allocate_buffer(3 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
 718         test_record = malloc (blocks_at_once*sizeof(struct saved_blk_record));
 719         if (!blkbuf || !test_record) {
 720                 com_err(program_name, ENOMEM, _("while allocating buffers"));
 721                 exit (1);
 722         }
 723
 724         save_base = blkbuf;
 725         test_base = blkbuf + (blocks_at_once * block_size);
 726         read_base = blkbuf + (2 * blocks_at_once * block_size);
 727
 728         num_saved = 0;
 729
 730         flush_bufs();
 731         if (v_flag) {
 732             fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks in non-destructive read-write mode\n"), stderr);
 733             fprintf (stderr, _("From block %lu to %lu\n"),
 734                      (unsigned long) first_block,
 735                      (unsigned long) last_block - 1);
 736         }
 737         if (s_flag || v_flag > 1) {
 738                 fputs(_("Checking for bad blocks (non-destructive read-write test)\n"), stderr);
 739         }
 740         if (setjmp(terminate_env)) {
 741                 /*
 742                  * Abnormal termination by a signal is handled here.
 743                  */
 744                 signal (SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
 745                 fputs(_("\nInterrupt caught, cleaning up\n"), stderr);
 746
 747                 save_ptr = save_base;
 748                 for (i=0; i < num_saved; i++) {
 749                         do_write(dev, save_ptr, test_record[i].num,
 750                                  block_size, test_record[i].block);
 751                         save_ptr += test_record[i].num * block_size;
 752                 }
 753                 fflush (out);
 754                 exit(1);
 755         }
 756
 757         /* set up abend handler */
 758         capture_terminate(terminate_env);
 759
 760         if (t_flag) {
 761                 pattern = t_patts;
 762                 nr_pattern = t_flag;
 763         } else {
 764                 pattern = patterns;
 765                 nr_pattern = sizeof(patterns) / sizeof(patterns[0]);
 766         }
 767         for (pat_idx = 0; pat_idx < nr_pattern; pat_idx++) {
 768                 pattern_fill(test_base, pattern[pat_idx],
 769                              blocks_at_once * block_size);
 770
 771                 buf_used = 0;
 772                 bb_count = 0;
 773                 save_ptr = save_base;
 774                 test_ptr = test_base;
 775                 currently_testing = first_block;
 776                 num_blocks = last_block - 1;
 777                 if (s_flag && v_flag <= 1)
 778                         alarm_intr(SIGALRM);
 779
 780                 while (currently_testing < last_block) {
 781                         if (max_bb && bb_count >= max_bb) {
 782                                 if (s_flag || v_flag) {
 783                                         fputs(_("Too many bad blocks, aborting test\n"), stderr);
 784                                 }
 785                                 break;
 786                         }
 787                         got = try = blocks_at_once - buf_used;
 788                         if (next_bad) {
 789                                 if (currently_testing == next_bad) {
 790                                         /* fprintf (out, "%lu\n", nextbad); */
 791                                         ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate (bb_iter, &next_bad);
 792                                         currently_testing++;
 793                                         goto check_for_more;
 794                                 }
 795                                 else if (currently_testing + try > next_bad)
 796                                         try = next_bad - currently_testing;
 797                         }
 798                         if (currently_testing + try > last_block)
 799                                 try = last_block - currently_testing;
 800                         got = do_read (dev, save_ptr, try, block_size,
 801                                        currently_testing);
 802                         if (got == 0) {
 803                                 /* First block must have been bad. */
 804                                 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
 805                                 goto check_for_more;
 806                         }
 807
 808                         /*
 809                          * Note the fact that we've saved this much data
 810                          * *before* we overwrite it with test data
 811                          */
 812                         test_record[num_saved].block = currently_testing;
 813                         test_record[num_saved].num = got;
 814                         num_saved++;
 815
 816                         /* Write the test data */
 817                         written = do_write (dev, test_ptr, got, block_size,
 818                                             currently_testing);
 819                         if (written != got)
 820                                 com_err (program_name, errno,
 821                                          _("during test data write, block %lu"),
 822                                          (unsigned long) currently_testing +
 823                                          written);
 824
 825                         buf_used += got;
 826                         save_ptr += got * block_size;
 827                         test_ptr += got * block_size;
 828                         currently_testing += got;
 829                         if (got != try)
 830                                 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing++);
 831
 832                 check_for_more:
 833                         /*
 834                          * If there's room for more blocks to be tested this
 835                          * around, and we're not done yet testing the disk, go
 836                          * back and get some more blocks.
 837                          */
 838                         if ((buf_used != blocks_at_once) &&
 839                             (currently_testing < last_block))
 840                                 continue;
 841
 842                         flush_bufs();
 843                         save_currently_testing = currently_testing;
 844
 845                         /*
 846                          * for each contiguous block that we read into the
 847                          * buffer (and wrote test data into afterwards), read
 848                          * it back (looping if necessary, to get past newly
 849                          * discovered unreadable blocks, of which there should
 850                          * be none, but with a hard drive which is unreliable,
 851                          * it has happened), and compare with the test data
 852                          * that was written; output to the bad block list if
 853                          * it doesn't match.
 854                          */
 855                         used2 = 0;
 856                         save_ptr = save_base;
 857                         test_ptr = test_base;
 858                         read_ptr = read_base;
 859                         try = 0;
 860
 861                         while (1) {
 862                                 if (try == 0) {
 863                                         if (used2 >= num_saved)
 864                                                 break;
 865                                         currently_testing = test_record[used2].block;
 866                                         try = test_record[used2].num;
 867                                         used2++;
 868                                 }
 869
 870                                 got = do_read (dev, read_ptr, try,
 871                                                block_size, currently_testing);
 872
 873                                 /* test the comparison between all the
 874                                    blocks successfully read  */
 875                                 for (i = 0; i < got; ++i)
 876                                         if (memcmp (test_ptr+i*block_size,
 877                                                     read_ptr+i*block_size, block_size))
 878                                                 bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + i);
 879                                 if (got < try) {
 880                                         bb_count += bb_output(currently_testing + got);
 881                                         got++;
 882                                 }
 883
 884                                 /* write back original data */
 885                                 do_write (dev, save_ptr, got,
 886                                           block_size, currently_testing);
 887                                 save_ptr += got * block_size;
 888
 889                                 currently_testing += got;
 890                                 test_ptr += got * block_size;
 891                                 read_ptr += got * block_size;
 892                                 try -= got;
 893                         }
 894
 895                         /* empty the buffer so it can be reused */
 896                         num_saved = 0;
 897                         buf_used = 0;
 898                         save_ptr = save_base;
 899                         test_ptr = test_base;
 900                         currently_testing = save_currently_testing;
 901                 }
 902                 num_blocks = 0;
 903                 alarm(0);
 904                 if (s_flag || v_flag > 1)
 905                         fputs(_(done_string), stderr);
 906
 907                 flush_bufs();
 908         }
 909         uncapture_terminate();
 910         fflush(stderr);
 911         free(blkbuf);
 912         free(test_record);
 913
 914         ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
 915
 916         return bb_count;
 917 }
 918
 919 static void check_mount(char *device_name)
 920 {
 921         errcode_t       retval;
 922         int             mount_flags;
 923
 924         retval = ext2fs_check_if_mounted(device_name, &mount_flags);
 925         if (retval) {
 926                 com_err("ext2fs_check_if_mount", retval,
 927                         _("while determining whether %s is mounted."),
 928                         device_name);
 929                 return;
 930         }
 931         if (mount_flags & EXT2_MF_MOUNTED) {
 932                 fprintf(stderr, _("%s is mounted; "), device_name);
 933                 if (force) {
 934                         fputs(_("badblocks forced anyway.  "
 935                                 "Hope /etc/mtab is incorrect.\n"), stderr);
 936                         return;
 937                 }
 938         abort_badblocks:
 939                 fputs(_("it's not safe to run badblocks!\n"), stderr);
 940                 exit(1);
 941         }
 942
 943         if ((mount_flags & EXT2_MF_BUSY) && !exclusive_ok) {
 944                 fprintf(stderr, _("%s is apparently in use by the system; "),
 945                         device_name);
 946                 if (force)
 947                         fputs(_("badblocks forced anyway.\n"), stderr);
 948                 else
 949                         goto abort_badblocks;
 950         }
 951
 952 }
 953
 954 /*
 955  * This function will convert a string to an unsigned long, printing
 956  * an error message if it fails, and returning success or failure in err.
 957  */
 958 static unsigned int parse_uint(const char *str, const char *descr)
 959 {
 960         char            *tmp;
 961         unsigned long   ret;
 962
 963         errno = 0;
 964         ret = strtoul(str, &tmp, 0);
 965         if (*tmp || errno || (ret > UINT_MAX) ||
 966             (ret == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)) {
 967                 com_err (program_name, 0, _("invalid %s - %s"), descr, str);
 968                 exit (1);
 969         }
 970         return ret;
 971 }
 972
 973 int main (int argc, char ** argv)
 974 {
 975         int c;
 976         char * device_name;
 977         char * host_device_name = NULL;
 978         char * input_file = NULL;
 979         char * output_file = NULL;
 980         FILE * in = NULL;
 981         int block_size = 1024;
 982         unsigned int blocks_at_once = 64;
 983         blk_t last_block, first_block;
 984         int num_passes = 0;
 985         int passes_clean = 0;
 986         int dev;
 987         errcode_t errcode;
 988         unsigned int pattern;
 989         unsigned int (*test_func)(int, blk_t,
 990                                   int, blk_t,
 991                                   unsigned int);
 992         int open_flag;
 993         long sysval;
 994
 995         setbuf(stdout, NULL);
 996         setbuf(stderr, NULL);
 997 #ifdef ENABLE_NLS
 998         setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
 999         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1000         bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
1001         textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
1002 #endif
1003         srandom((unsigned int)time(NULL));  /* simple randomness is enough */
1004         test_func = test_ro;
1005
1006         /* Determine the system page size if possible */
1007 #ifdef HAVE_SYSCONF
1008 #if (!defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) && defined(_SC_PAGE_SIZE))
1009 #define _SC_PAGESIZE _SC_PAGE_SIZE
1010 #endif
1011 #ifdef _SC_PAGESIZE
1012         sysval = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
1013         if (sysval > 0)
1014                 sys_page_size = sysval;
1015 #endif /* _SC_PAGESIZE */
1016 #endif /* HAVE_SYSCONF */
1017
1018         if (argc && *argv)
1019                 program_name = *argv;
1020         while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "b:d:e:fi:o:svwnc:p:h:t:X")) != EOF) {
1021                 switch (c) {
1022                 case 'b':
1023                         block_size = parse_uint(optarg, "block size");
1024                         break;
1025                 case 'f':
1026                         force++;
1027                         break;
1028                 case 'i':
1029                         input_file = optarg;
1030                         break;
1031                 case 'o':
1032                         output_file = optarg;
1033                         break;
1034                 case 's':
1035                         s_flag = 1;
1036                         break;
1037                 case 'v':
1038                         v_flag++;
1039                         break;
1040                 case 'w':
1041                         if (w_flag)
1042                                 exclusive_usage();
1043                         test_func = test_rw;
1044                         w_flag = 1;
1045                         break;
1046                 case 'n':
1047                         if (w_flag)
1048                                 exclusive_usage();
1049                         test_func = test_nd;
1050                         w_flag = 2;
1051                         break;
1052                 case 'c':
1053                         blocks_at_once = parse_uint(optarg, "blocks at once");
1054                         break;
1055                 case 'e':
1056                         max_bb = parse_uint(optarg, "max bad block count");
1057                         break;
1058                 case 'd':
1059                         d_flag = parse_uint(optarg, "read delay factor");
1060                         break;
1061                 case 'p':
1062                         num_passes = parse_uint(optarg,
1063                                                 "number of clean passes");
1064                         break;
1065                 case 'h':
1066                         host_device_name = optarg;
1067                         break;
1068                 case 't':
1069                         if (t_flag + 1 > t_max) {
1070                                 unsigned int *t_patts_new;
1071
1072                                 t_patts_new = realloc(t_patts, sizeof(int) *
1073                                                       (t_max + T_INC));
1074                                 if (!t_patts_new) {
1075                                         com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
1076                                                 _("can't allocate memory for "
1077                                                   "test_pattern - %s"),
1078                                                 optarg);
1079                                         exit(1);
1080                                 }
1081                                 t_patts = t_patts_new;
1082                                 t_max += T_INC;
1083                         }
1084                         if (!strcmp(optarg, "r") || !strcmp(optarg,"random")) {
1085                                 t_patts[t_flag++] = ~0;
1086                         } else {
1087                                 pattern = parse_uint(optarg, "test pattern");
1088                                 if (pattern == (unsigned int) ~0)
1089                                         pattern = 0xffff;
1090                                 t_patts[t_flag++] = pattern;
1091                         }
1092                         break;
1093                 case 'X':
1094                         exclusive_ok++;
1095                         break;
1096                 default:
1097                         usage();
1098                 }
1099         }
1100         if (!w_flag) {
1101                 if (t_flag > 1) {
1102                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1103                         _("Maximum of one test_pattern may be specified "
1104                           "in read-only mode"));
1105                         exit(1);
1106                 }
1107                 if (t_patts && (t_patts[0] == (unsigned int) ~0)) {
1108                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1109                         _("Random test_pattern is not allowed "
1110                           "in read-only mode"));
1111                         exit(1);
1112                 }
1113         }
1114         if (optind > argc - 1)
1115                 usage();
1116         device_name = argv[optind++];
1117         if (optind > argc - 1) {
1118                 errcode = ext2fs_get_device_size(device_name,
1119                                                  block_size,
1120                                                  &last_block);
1121                 if (errcode == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
1122                         com_err(program_name, 0,
1123                                 _("Couldn't determine device size; you "
1124                                   "must specify\nthe size manually\n"));
1125                         exit(1);
1126                 }
1127                 if (errcode) {
1128                         com_err(program_name, errcode,
1129                                 _("while trying to determine device size"));
1130                         exit(1);
1131                 }
1132         } else {
1133                 errno = 0;
1134                 last_block = parse_uint(argv[optind], _("last block"));
1135                 last_block++;
1136                 optind++;
1137         }
1138         if (optind <= argc-1) {
1139                 errno = 0;
1140                 first_block = parse_uint(argv[optind], _("first block"));
1141         } else first_block = 0;
1142         if (first_block >= last_block) {
1143             com_err (program_name, 0, _("invalid starting block (%lu): must be less than %lu"),
1144                      (unsigned long) first_block, (unsigned long) last_block);
1145             exit (1);
1146         }
1147         if (w_flag)
1148                 check_mount(device_name);
1149
1150         gettimeofday(&time_start, 0);
1151         open_flag = O_LARGEFILE | (w_flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY);
1152         dev = open (device_name, open_flag);
1153         if (dev == -1) {
1154                 com_err (program_name, errno, _("while trying to open %s"),
1155                          device_name);
1156                 exit (1);
1157         }
1158         if (host_device_name) {
1159                 host_dev = open (host_device_name, open_flag);
1160                 if (host_dev == -1) {
1161                         com_err (program_name, errno,
1162                                  _("while trying to open %s"),
1163                                  host_device_name);
1164                         exit (1);
1165                 }
1166         } else
1167                 host_dev = dev;
1168         if (input_file) {
1169                 if (strcmp (input_file, "-") == 0)
1170                         in = stdin;
1171                 else {
1172                         in = fopen (input_file, "r");
1173                         if (in == NULL)
1174                         {
1175                                 com_err (program_name, errno,
1176                                          _("while trying to open %s"),
1177                                          input_file);
1178                                 exit (1);
1179                         }
1180                 }
1181         }
1182         if (output_file && strcmp (output_file, "-") != 0)
1183         {
1184                 out = fopen (output_file, "w");
1185                 if (out == NULL)
1186                 {
1187                         com_err (program_name, errno,
1188                                  _("while trying to open %s"),
1189                                  output_file);
1190                         exit (1);
1191                 }
1192         }
1193         else
1194                 out = stdout;
1195
1196         errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_create(&bb_list,0);
1197         if (errcode) {
1198                 com_err (program_name, errcode,
1199                          _("while creating in-memory bad blocks list"));
1200                 exit (1);
1201         }
1202
1203         if (in) {
1204                 for(;;) {
1205                         switch(fscanf (in, "%u\n", &next_bad)) {
1206                                 case 0:
1207                                         com_err (program_name, 0, "input file - bad format");
1208                                         exit (1);
1209                                 case EOF:
1210                                         break;
1211                                 default:
1212                                         errcode = ext2fs_badblocks_list_add(bb_list,next_bad);
1213                                         if (errcode) {
1214                                                 com_err (program_name, errcode, _("while adding to in-memory bad block list"));
1215                                                 exit (1);
1216                                         }
1217                                         continue;
1218                         }
1219                         break;
1220                 }
1221
1222                 if (in != stdin)
1223                         fclose (in);
1224         }
1225
1226         do {
1227                 unsigned int bb_count;
1228
1229                 bb_count = test_func(dev, last_block, block_size,
1230                                      first_block, blocks_at_once);
1231                 if (bb_count)
1232                         passes_clean = 0;
1233                 else
1234                         ++passes_clean;
1235
1236                 if (v_flag)
1237                         fprintf(stderr,
1238                                 _("Pass completed, %u bad blocks found.\n"),
1239                                 bb_count);
1240
1241         } while (passes_clean < num_passes);
1242
1243         close (dev);
1244         if (out != stdout)
1245                 fclose (out);
1246         free(t_patts);
1247         return 0;
1248 }
1249