debugfs/logdump.c

   1 /*
   2  * logdump.c --- dump the contents of the journal out to a file
   3  *
   4  * Authro: Stephen C. Tweedie, 2001  <sct@redhat.com>
   5  * Copyright (C) 2001 Red Hat, Inc.
   6  * Based on portions  Copyright (C) 1994 Theodore Ts'o.
   7  *
   8  * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
   9  * License.
  10  */
  11
  12 #include "config.h"
  13 #include <stdio.h>
  14 #include <unistd.h>
  15 #include <stdlib.h>
  16 #include <ctype.h>
  17 #include <string.h>
  18 #include <time.h>
  19 #ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
  20 #include <errno.h>
  21 #endif
  22 #include <sys/types.h>
  23 #include <sys/stat.h>
  24 #include <fcntl.h>
  25 #include <utime.h>
  26 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
  27 #include <getopt.h>
  28 #else
  29 extern int optind;
  30 extern char *optarg;
  31 #endif
  32
  33 #include "debugfs.h"
  34 #include "blkid/blkid.h"
  35 #include "jfs_user.h"
  36 #include <uuid/uuid.h>
  37
  38 enum journal_location {JOURNAL_IS_INTERNAL, JOURNAL_IS_EXTERNAL};
  39
  40 #define ANY_BLOCK ((blk64_t) -1)
  41
  42 static int              dump_all, dump_old, dump_contents, dump_descriptors;
  43 static blk64_t          block_to_dump, bitmap_to_dump, inode_block_to_dump;
  44 static unsigned int     group_to_dump, inode_offset_to_dump;
  45 static ext2_ino_t       inode_to_dump;
  46
  47 struct journal_source
  48 {
  49         enum journal_location where;
  50         int fd;
  51         ext2_file_t file;
  52 };
  53
  54 static void dump_journal(char *, FILE *, struct journal_source *);
  55
  56 static void dump_descriptor_block(FILE *, struct journal_source *,
  57                                   char *, journal_superblock_t *,
  58                                   unsigned int *, int, tid_t);
  59
  60 static void dump_revoke_block(FILE *, char *, journal_superblock_t *,
  61                                   unsigned int, int, tid_t);
  62
  63 static void dump_metadata_block(FILE *, struct journal_source *,
  64                                 journal_superblock_t*,
  65                                 unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int,
  66                                 int, tid_t);
  67
  68 static void do_hexdump (FILE *, char *, int);
  69
  70 #define WRAP(jsb, blocknr)                                      \
  71         if (blocknr >= be32_to_cpu((jsb)->s_maxlen))            \
  72                 blocknr -= (be32_to_cpu((jsb)->s_maxlen) -      \
  73                             be32_to_cpu((jsb)->s_first));
  74
  75 void do_logdump(int argc, char **argv)
  76 {
  77         int             c;
  78         int             retval;
  79         char            *out_fn;
  80         FILE            *out_file;
  81
  82         char            *inode_spec = NULL;
  83         char            *journal_fn = NULL;
  84         int             journal_fd = 0;
  85         int             use_sb = 0;
  86         ext2_ino_t      journal_inum;
  87         struct ext2_inode journal_inode;
  88         ext2_file_t     journal_file;
  89         char            *tmp;
  90         struct journal_source journal_source;
  91         struct ext2_super_block *es = NULL;
  92
  93         journal_source.where = JOURNAL_IS_INTERNAL;
  94         journal_source.fd = 0;
  95         journal_source.file = 0;
  96         dump_all = 0;
  97         dump_old = 0;
  98         dump_contents = 0;
  99         dump_descriptors = 1;
 100         block_to_dump = ANY_BLOCK;
 101         bitmap_to_dump = -1;
 102         inode_block_to_dump = ANY_BLOCK;
 103         inode_to_dump = -1;
 104
 105         reset_getopt();
 106         while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "ab:ci:f:Os")) != EOF) {
 107                 switch (c) {
 108                 case 'a':
 109                         dump_all++;
 110                         break;
 111                 case 'b':
 112                         block_to_dump = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
 113                         if (*tmp) {
 114                                 com_err(argv[0], 0,
 115                                         "Bad block number - %s", optarg);
 116                                 return;
 117                         }
 118                         dump_descriptors = 0;
 119                         break;
 120                 case 'c':
 121                         dump_contents++;
 122                         break;
 123                 case 'f':
 124                         journal_fn = optarg;
 125                         break;
 126                 case 'i':
 127                         inode_spec = optarg;
 128                         dump_descriptors = 0;
 129                         break;
 130                 case 'O':
 131                         dump_old++;
 132                         break;
 133                 case 's':
 134                         use_sb++;
 135                         break;
 136                 default:
 137                         goto print_usage;
 138                 }
 139         }
 140         if (optind != argc && optind != argc-1) {
 141                 goto print_usage;
 142         }
 143
 144         if (current_fs)
 145                 es = current_fs->super;
 146
 147         if (inode_spec) {
 148                 int inode_group, group_offset, inodes_per_block;
 149
 150                 if (check_fs_open(argv[0]))
 151                         return;
 152
 153                 inode_to_dump = string_to_inode(inode_spec);
 154                 if (!inode_to_dump)
 155                         return;
 156
 157                 inode_group = ((inode_to_dump - 1)
 158                                / es->s_inodes_per_group);
 159                 group_offset = ((inode_to_dump - 1)
 160                                 % es->s_inodes_per_group);
 161                 inodes_per_block = (current_fs->blocksize
 162                                     / sizeof(struct ext2_inode));
 163
 164                 inode_block_to_dump =
 165                         ext2fs_inode_table_loc(current_fs, inode_group) +
 166                         (group_offset / inodes_per_block);
 167                 inode_offset_to_dump = ((group_offset % inodes_per_block)
 168                                         * sizeof(struct ext2_inode));
 169                 printf("Inode %u is at group %u, block %llu, offset %u\n",
 170                        inode_to_dump, inode_group,
 171                        inode_block_to_dump, inode_offset_to_dump);
 172         }
 173
 174         if (optind == argc) {
 175                 out_file = stdout;
 176         } else {
 177                 out_fn = argv[optind];
 178                 out_file = fopen(out_fn, "w");
 179                 if (!out_file) {
 180                         com_err(argv[0], errno, "while opening %s for logdump",
 181                                 out_fn);
 182                         goto errout;
 183                 }
 184         }
 185
 186         if (block_to_dump != ANY_BLOCK && current_fs != NULL) {
 187                 group_to_dump = ((block_to_dump -
 188                                   es->s_first_data_block)
 189                                  / es->s_blocks_per_group);
 190                 bitmap_to_dump = ext2fs_block_bitmap_loc(current_fs, group_to_dump);
 191         }
 192
 193         if (!journal_fn && check_fs_open(argv[0]))
 194                 goto errout;
 195
 196         if (journal_fn) {
 197                 /* Set up to read journal from a regular file somewhere */
 198                 journal_fd = open(journal_fn, O_RDONLY, 0);
 199                 if (journal_fd < 0) {
 200                         com_err(argv[0], errno, "while opening %s for logdump",
 201                                 journal_fn);
 202                         goto errout;
 203                 }
 204
 205                 journal_source.where = JOURNAL_IS_EXTERNAL;
 206                 journal_source.fd = journal_fd;
 207         } else if ((journal_inum = es->s_journal_inum)) {
 208                 if (use_sb) {
 209                         if (es->s_jnl_backup_type != EXT3_JNL_BACKUP_BLOCKS) {
 210                                 com_err(argv[0], 0,
 211                                         "no journal backup in super block\n");
 212                                 goto errout;
 213                         }
 214                         memset(&journal_inode, 0, sizeof(struct ext2_inode));
 215                         memcpy(&journal_inode.i_block[0], es->s_jnl_blocks,
 216                                EXT2_N_BLOCKS*4);
 217                         journal_inode.i_size_high = es->s_jnl_blocks[15];
 218                         journal_inode.i_size = es->s_jnl_blocks[16];
 219                         journal_inode.i_links_count = 1;
 220                         journal_inode.i_mode = LINUX_S_IFREG | 0600;
 221                 } else {
 222                         if (debugfs_read_inode(journal_inum, &journal_inode,
 223                                                argv[0]))
 224                                 goto errout;
 225                 }
 226
 227                 retval = ext2fs_file_open2(current_fs, journal_inum,
 228                                            &journal_inode, 0, &journal_file);
 229                 if (retval) {
 230                         com_err(argv[0], retval, "while opening ext2 file");
 231                         goto errout;
 232                 }
 233                 journal_source.where = JOURNAL_IS_INTERNAL;
 234                 journal_source.file = journal_file;
 235         } else {
 236                 char uuid[37];
 237
 238                 uuid_unparse(es->s_journal_uuid, uuid);
 239                 journal_fn = blkid_get_devname(NULL, "UUID", uuid);
 240                 if (!journal_fn)
 241                                 journal_fn = blkid_devno_to_devname(es->s_journal_dev);
 242                 if (!journal_fn) {
 243                         com_err(argv[0], 0, "filesystem has no journal");
 244                         goto errout;
 245                 }
 246                 journal_fd = open(journal_fn, O_RDONLY, 0);
 247                 if (journal_fd < 0) {
 248                         com_err(argv[0], errno, "while opening %s for logdump",
 249                                 journal_fn);
 250                         free(journal_fn);
 251                         goto errout;
 252                 }
 253                 fprintf(out_file, "Using external journal found at %s\n",
 254                         journal_fn);
 255                 free(journal_fn);
 256                 journal_source.where = JOURNAL_IS_EXTERNAL;
 257                 journal_source.fd = journal_fd;
 258         }
 259
 260         dump_journal(argv[0], out_file, &journal_source);
 261
 262         if (journal_source.where == JOURNAL_IS_INTERNAL)
 263                 ext2fs_file_close(journal_file);
 264         else
 265                 close(journal_fd);
 266
 267 errout:
 268         if (out_file && (out_file != stdout))
 269                 fclose(out_file);
 270
 271         return;
 272
 273 print_usage:
 274         fprintf(stderr, "%s: Usage: logdump [-acsO] [-b<block>] [-i<filespec>]\n\t"
 275                 "[-f<journal_file>] [output_file]\n", argv[0]);
 276 }
 277
 278
 279 static int read_journal_block(const char *cmd, struct journal_source *source,
 280                               off_t offset, char *buf, unsigned int size)
 281 {
 282         int retval;
 283         unsigned int got;
 284
 285         if (source->where == JOURNAL_IS_EXTERNAL) {
 286                 if (lseek(source->fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
 287                         retval = errno;
 288                         goto seek_err;
 289                 }
 290                 retval = read(source->fd, buf, size);
 291                 if (retval < 0) {
 292                         retval = errno;
 293                         goto read_err;
 294                 }
 295                 got = retval;
 296                 retval = 0;
 297         } else {
 298                 retval = ext2fs_file_lseek(source->file, offset,
 299                                            EXT2_SEEK_SET, NULL);
 300                 if (retval) {
 301                 seek_err:
 302                         com_err(cmd, retval, "while seeking in reading journal");
 303                         return retval;
 304                 }
 305                 retval = ext2fs_file_read(source->file, buf, size, &got);
 306                 if (retval) {
 307                 read_err:
 308                         com_err(cmd, retval, "while reading journal");
 309                         return retval;
 310                 }
 311         }
 312         if (got != size) {
 313                 com_err(cmd, 0, "short read (read %u, expected %u) "
 314                         "while reading journal", got, size);
 315                 retval = -1;
 316         }
 317         return retval;
 318 }
 319
 320 static const char *type_to_name(int btype)
 321 {
 322         switch (btype) {
 323         case JFS_DESCRIPTOR_BLOCK:
 324                 return "descriptor block";
 325         case JFS_COMMIT_BLOCK:
 326                 return "commit block";
 327         case JFS_SUPERBLOCK_V1:
 328                 return "V1 superblock";
 329         case JFS_SUPERBLOCK_V2:
 330                 return "V2 superblock";
 331         case JFS_REVOKE_BLOCK:
 332                 return "revoke table";
 333         }
 334         return "unrecognised type";
 335 }
 336
 337
 338 static void dump_journal(char *cmdname, FILE *out_file,
 339                          struct journal_source *source)
 340 {
 341         struct ext2_super_block *sb;
 342         char                    jsb_buffer[1024];
 343         char                    buf[8192];
 344         journal_superblock_t    *jsb;
 345         unsigned int            blocksize = 1024;
 346         int                     retval;
 347         __u32                   magic, sequence, blocktype;
 348         journal_header_t        *header;
 349
 350         tid_t                   transaction;
 351         unsigned int            blocknr = 0;
 352
 353         /* First, check to see if there's an ext2 superblock header */
 354         retval = read_journal_block(cmdname, source, 0, buf, 2048);
 355         if (retval)
 356                 return;
 357
 358         jsb = (journal_superblock_t *) buf;
 359         sb = (struct ext2_super_block *) (buf+1024);
 360 #ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 361         if (sb->s_magic == ext2fs_swab16(EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC))
 362                 ext2fs_swap_super(sb);
 363 #endif
 364
 365         if ((be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_header.h_magic) != JFS_MAGIC_NUMBER) &&
 366             (sb->s_magic == EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC) &&
 367             (sb->s_feature_incompat & EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV)) {
 368                 blocksize = EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(sb);
 369                 blocknr = (blocksize == 1024) ? 2 : 1;
 370                 uuid_unparse(sb->s_uuid, jsb_buffer);
 371                 fprintf(out_file, "Ext2 superblock header found.\n");
 372                 if (dump_all) {
 373                         fprintf(out_file, "\tuuid=%s\n", jsb_buffer);
 374                         fprintf(out_file, "\tblocksize=%d\n", blocksize);
 375                         fprintf(out_file, "\tjournal data size %lu\n",
 376                                 (unsigned long) ext2fs_blocks_count(sb));
 377                 }
 378         }
 379
 380         /* Next, read the journal superblock */
 381
 382         retval = read_journal_block(cmdname, source, blocknr*blocksize,
 383                                     jsb_buffer, 1024);
 384         if (retval)
 385                 return;
 386
 387         jsb = (journal_superblock_t *) jsb_buffer;
 388         if (be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_header.h_magic) != JFS_MAGIC_NUMBER) {
 389                 fprintf(out_file,
 390                         "Journal superblock magic number invalid!\n");
 391                 return;
 392         }
 393         blocksize = be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_blocksize);
 394         transaction = be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_sequence);
 395         blocknr = be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_start);
 396
 397         fprintf(out_file, "Journal starts at block %u, transaction %u\n",
 398                 blocknr, transaction);
 399
 400         if (!blocknr) {
 401                 /* Empty journal, nothing to do. */
 402                 if (!dump_old)
 403                         return;
 404                 else
 405                         blocknr = 1;
 406         }
 407
 408         while (1) {
 409                 retval = read_journal_block(cmdname, source,
 410                                             blocknr*blocksize, buf,
 411                                             blocksize);
 412                 if (retval)
 413                         return;
 414
 415                 header = (journal_header_t *) buf;
 416
 417                 magic = be32_to_cpu(header->h_magic);
 418                 sequence = be32_to_cpu(header->h_sequence);
 419                 blocktype = be32_to_cpu(header->h_blocktype);
 420
 421                 if (magic != JFS_MAGIC_NUMBER) {
 422                         fprintf (out_file, "No magic number at block %u: "
 423                                  "end of journal.\n", blocknr);
 424                         return;
 425                 }
 426
 427                 if (sequence != transaction) {
 428                         fprintf (out_file, "Found sequence %u (not %u) at "
 429                                  "block %u: end of journal.\n",
 430                                  sequence, transaction, blocknr);
 431                         if (!dump_old)
 432                                 return;
 433                 }
 434
 435                 if (dump_descriptors) {
 436                         fprintf (out_file, "Found expected sequence %u, "
 437                                  "type %u (%s) at block %u\n",
 438                                  sequence, blocktype,
 439                                  type_to_name(blocktype), blocknr);
 440                 }
 441
 442                 switch (blocktype) {
 443                 case JFS_DESCRIPTOR_BLOCK:
 444                         dump_descriptor_block(out_file, source, buf, jsb,
 445                                               &blocknr, blocksize,
 446                                               transaction);
 447                         continue;
 448
 449                 case JFS_COMMIT_BLOCK:
 450                         transaction++;
 451                         blocknr++;
 452                         WRAP(jsb, blocknr);
 453                         continue;
 454
 455                 case JFS_REVOKE_BLOCK:
 456                         dump_revoke_block(out_file, buf, jsb,
 457                                           blocknr, blocksize,
 458                                           transaction);
 459                         blocknr++;
 460                         WRAP(jsb, blocknr);
 461                         continue;
 462
 463                 default:
 464                         fprintf (out_file, "Unexpected block type %u at "
 465                                  "block %u.\n", blocktype, blocknr);
 466                         return;
 467                 }
 468         }
 469 }
 470
 471
 472 static void dump_descriptor_block(FILE *out_file,
 473                                   struct journal_source *source,
 474                                   char *buf,
 475                                   journal_superblock_t *jsb,
 476                                   unsigned int *blockp, int blocksize,
 477                                   tid_t transaction)
 478 {
 479         int                     offset, tag_size, csum_size = 0;
 480         char                    *tagp;
 481         journal_block_tag_t     *tag;
 482         unsigned int            blocknr;
 483         __u32                   tag_block;
 484         __u32                   tag_flags;
 485
 486         tag_size = journal_super_tag_bytes(jsb);
 487         offset = sizeof(journal_header_t);
 488         blocknr = *blockp;
 489
 490         if (JSB_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(jsb, JFS_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_CSUM_V3) ||
 491             JSB_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(jsb, JFS_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_CSUM_V2))
 492                 csum_size = sizeof(struct journal_block_tail);
 493
 494         if (dump_all)
 495                 fprintf(out_file, "Dumping descriptor block, sequence %u, at "
 496                         "block %u:\n", transaction, blocknr);
 497
 498         ++blocknr;
 499         WRAP(jsb, blocknr);
 500
 501         do {
 502                 /* Work out the location of the current tag, and skip to
 503                  * the next one... */
 504                 tagp = &buf[offset];
 505                 tag = (journal_block_tag_t *) tagp;
 506                 offset += tag_size;
 507
 508                 /* ... and if we have gone too far, then we've reached the
 509                    end of this block. */
 510                 if (offset > blocksize - csum_size)
 511                         break;
 512
 513                 tag_block = be32_to_cpu(tag->t_blocknr);
 514                 tag_flags = be16_to_cpu(tag->t_flags);
 515
 516                 if (!(tag_flags & JFS_FLAG_SAME_UUID))
 517                         offset += 16;
 518
 519                 dump_metadata_block(out_file, source, jsb,
 520                                     blocknr, tag_block, tag_flags, blocksize,
 521                                     transaction);
 522
 523                 ++blocknr;
 524                 WRAP(jsb, blocknr);
 525
 526         } while (!(tag_flags & JFS_FLAG_LAST_TAG));
 527
 528         *blockp = blocknr;
 529 }
 530
 531
 532 static void dump_revoke_block(FILE *out_file, char *buf,
 533                               journal_superblock_t *jsb EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)),
 534                               unsigned int blocknr,
 535                               int blocksize EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)),
 536                               tid_t transaction)
 537 {
 538         int                     offset, max;
 539         journal_revoke_header_t *header;
 540         unsigned long long      rblock;
 541         int                     tag_size = sizeof(__u32);
 542
 543         if (dump_all)
 544                 fprintf(out_file, "Dumping revoke block, sequence %u, at "
 545                         "block %u:\n", transaction, blocknr);
 546
 547         if (be32_to_cpu(jsb->s_feature_incompat) & JFS_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_64BIT)
 548                 tag_size = sizeof(__u64);
 549
 550         header = (journal_revoke_header_t *) buf;
 551         offset = sizeof(journal_revoke_header_t);
 552         max = be32_to_cpu(header->r_count);
 553
 554         while (offset < max) {
 555                 if (tag_size == sizeof(__u32)) {
 556                         __u32 *entry = (__u32 *) (buf + offset);
 557                         rblock = be32_to_cpu(*entry);
 558                 } else {
 559                         __u64 *entry = (__u64 *) (buf + offset);
 560                         rblock = ext2fs_be64_to_cpu(*entry);
 561                 }
 562                 if (dump_all || rblock == block_to_dump) {
 563                         fprintf(out_file, "  Revoke FS block %llu", rblock);
 564                         if (dump_all)
 565                                 fprintf(out_file, "\n");
 566                         else
 567                                 fprintf(out_file," at block %u, sequence %u\n",
 568                                         blocknr, transaction);
 569                 }
 570                 offset += tag_size;
 571         }
 572 }
 573
 574
 575 static void show_extent(FILE *out_file, int start_extent, int end_extent,
 576                         __u32 first_block)
 577 {
 578         if (start_extent >= 0 && first_block != 0)
 579                 fprintf(out_file, "(%d+%u): %u ",
 580                         start_extent, end_extent-start_extent, first_block);
 581 }
 582
 583 static void show_indirect(FILE *out_file, const char *name, __u32 where)
 584 {
 585         if (where)
 586                 fprintf(out_file, "(%s): %u ", name, where);
 587 }
 588
 589
 590 static void dump_metadata_block(FILE *out_file, struct journal_source *source,
 591                                 journal_superblock_t *jsb EXT2FS_ATTR((unused)),
 592                                 unsigned int log_blocknr,
 593                                 unsigned int fs_blocknr,
 594                                 unsigned int log_tag_flags,
 595                                 int blocksize,
 596                                 tid_t transaction)
 597 {
 598         int             retval;
 599         char            buf[8192];
 600
 601         if (!(dump_all
 602               || (fs_blocknr == block_to_dump)
 603               || (fs_blocknr == inode_block_to_dump)
 604               || (fs_blocknr == bitmap_to_dump)))
 605                 return;
 606
 607         fprintf(out_file, "  FS block %u logged at ", fs_blocknr);
 608         if (!dump_all)
 609                 fprintf(out_file, "sequence %u, ", transaction);
 610         fprintf(out_file, "journal block %u (flags 0x%x)\n", log_blocknr,
 611                 log_tag_flags);
 612
 613         /* There are two major special cases to parse:
 614          *
 615          * If this block is a block
 616          * bitmap block, we need to give it special treatment so that we
 617          * can log any allocates and deallocates which affect the
 618          * block_to_dump query block.
 619          *
 620          * If the block is an inode block for the inode being searched
 621          * for, then we need to dump the contents of that inode
 622          * structure symbolically.
 623          */
 624
 625         if (!(dump_contents && dump_all)
 626             && fs_blocknr != block_to_dump
 627             && fs_blocknr != bitmap_to_dump
 628             && fs_blocknr != inode_block_to_dump)
 629                 return;
 630
 631         retval = read_journal_block("logdump", source,
 632                                     blocksize * log_blocknr,
 633                                     buf, blocksize);
 634         if (retval)
 635                 return;
 636
 637         if (fs_blocknr == bitmap_to_dump) {
 638                 struct ext2_super_block *super;
 639                 int offset;
 640
 641                 super = current_fs->super;
 642                 offset = ((block_to_dump - super->s_first_data_block) %
 643                           super->s_blocks_per_group);
 644
 645                 fprintf(out_file, "    (block bitmap for block %llu: "
 646                         "block is %s)\n",
 647                         block_to_dump,
 648                         ext2fs_test_bit(offset, buf) ? "SET" : "CLEAR");
 649         }
 650
 651         if (fs_blocknr == inode_block_to_dump) {
 652                 struct ext2_inode *inode;
 653                 int first, prev, this, start_extent, i;
 654
 655                 fprintf(out_file, "    (inode block for inode %u):\n",
 656                         inode_to_dump);
 657
 658                 inode = (struct ext2_inode *) (buf + inode_offset_to_dump);
 659                 internal_dump_inode(out_file, "    ", inode_to_dump, inode, 0);
 660
 661                 /* Dump out the direct/indirect blocks here:
 662                  * internal_dump_inode can only dump them from the main
 663                  * on-disk inode, not from the journaled copy of the
 664                  * inode. */
 665
 666                 fprintf (out_file, "    Blocks:  ");
 667                 first = prev = start_extent = -1;
 668
 669                 for (i=0; i<EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS; i++) {
 670                         this = inode->i_block[i];
 671                         if (start_extent >= 0  && this == prev+1) {
 672                                 prev = this;
 673                                 continue;
 674                         } else {
 675                                 show_extent(out_file, start_extent, i, first);
 676                                 start_extent = i;
 677                                 first = prev = this;
 678                         }
 679                 }
 680                 show_extent(out_file, start_extent, i, first);
 681                 show_indirect(out_file, "IND", inode->i_block[i++]);
 682                 show_indirect(out_file, "DIND", inode->i_block[i++]);
 683                 show_indirect(out_file, "TIND", inode->i_block[i++]);
 684
 685                 fprintf(out_file, "\n");
 686         }
 687
 688         if (dump_contents)
 689                 do_hexdump(out_file, buf, blocksize);
 690
 691 }
 692
 693 static void do_hexdump (FILE *out_file, char *buf, int blocksize)
 694 {
 695         int i,j;
 696         int *intp;
 697         char *charp;
 698         unsigned char c;
 699
 700         intp = (int *) buf;
 701         charp = (char *) buf;
 702
 703         for (i=0; i<blocksize; i+=16) {
 704                 fprintf(out_file, "    %04x:  ", i);
 705                 for (j=0; j<16; j+=4)
 706                         fprintf(out_file, "%08x ", *intp++);
 707                 for (j=0; j<16; j++) {
 708                         c = *charp++;
 709                         if (c < ' ' || c >= 127)
 710                                 c = '.';
 711                         fprintf(out_file, "%c", c);
 712                 }
 713                 fprintf(out_file, "\n");
 714         }
 715 }
 716