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LU-2624 ptlrpc: improve stop of ptlrpcd threads
[fs/lustre-release.git] / lustre / ptlrpc / ptlrpcd.c
index 61ce8e6..669b0d7 100644 (file)
-/* -*- mode: c; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
- * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=8:tabstop=8:
+/*
+ * GPL HEADER START
  *
- *  Copyright (C) 2001-2003 Cluster File Systems, Inc.
- *   Author Peter Braam <braam@clusterfs.com>
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
- *   This file is part of Lustre, http://www.lustre.org.
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only,
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
  *
- *   Lustre is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *   modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public
- *   License as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * General Public License version 2 for more details (a copy is included
+ * in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code).
  *
- *   Lustre is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 along with this program; If not, see
+ * http://www.sun.com/software/products/lustre/docs/GPLv2.pdf
  *
- *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *   along with Lustre; if not, write to the Free Software
- *   Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+ * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
+ * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
+ * have any questions.
  *
+ * GPL HEADER END
+ */
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Use is subject to license terms.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2012, Intel Corporation.
+ */
+/*
+ * This file is part of Lustre, http://www.lustre.org/
+ * Lustre is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
+ *
+ * lustre/ptlrpc/ptlrpcd.c
+ */
+
+/** \defgroup ptlrpcd PortalRPC daemon
+ *
+ * ptlrpcd is a special thread with its own set where other user might add
+ * requests when they don't want to wait for their completion.
+ * PtlRPCD will take care of sending such requests and then processing their
+ * replies and calling completion callbacks as necessary.
+ * The callbacks are called directly from ptlrpcd context.
+ * It is important to never significantly block (esp. on RPCs!) within such
+ * completion handler or a deadlock might occur where ptlrpcd enters some
+ * callback that attempts to send another RPC and wait for it to return,
+ * during which time ptlrpcd is completely blocked, so e.g. if import
+ * fails, recovery cannot progress because connection requests are also
+ * sent by ptlrpcd.
+ *
+ * @{
  */
 
 #define DEBUG_SUBSYSTEM S_RPC
 
 #ifdef __KERNEL__
-# include <linux/version.h>
-# include <linux/module.h>
-# include <linux/mm.h>
-# include <linux/highmem.h>
-# include <linux/lustre_dlm.h>
-# if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2,5,0))
-#  include <linux/workqueue.h>
-#  include <linux/smp_lock.h>
-# else
-#  include <linux/locks.h>
-# endif
-# include <linux/ctype.h>
-# include <linux/init.h>
+# include <libcfs/libcfs.h>
 #else /* __KERNEL__ */
 # include <liblustre.h>
 # include <ctype.h>
 #endif
 
-#include <linux/kp30.h>
-#include <linux/lustre_net.h>
-
-#include <linux/lustre_ha.h>
-#include <linux/obd_support.h> /* for OBD_FAIL_CHECK */
-#include <linux/lprocfs_status.h>
-
-#define LIOD_STOP 0
-struct ptlrpcd_ctl {
-        unsigned long             pc_flags;
-        spinlock_t                pc_lock;
-        struct completion         pc_starting;
-        struct completion         pc_finishing;
-        struct list_head          pc_req_list;
-        wait_queue_head_t         pc_waitq;
-        struct ptlrpc_request_set *pc_set;
-        char                      pc_name[16];
-#ifndef __KERNEL__
-        int                       pc_recurred;
-        void                     *pc_callback;
-#endif
+#include <lustre_net.h>
+# include <lustre_lib.h>
+
+#include <lustre_ha.h>
+#include <obd_class.h>   /* for obd_zombie */
+#include <obd_support.h> /* for OBD_FAIL_CHECK */
+#include <cl_object.h> /* cl_env_{get,put}() */
+#include <lprocfs_status.h>
+
+#include "ptlrpc_internal.h"
+
+struct ptlrpcd {
+        int                pd_size;
+        int                pd_index;
+        int                pd_nthreads;
+        struct ptlrpcd_ctl pd_thread_rcv;
+        struct ptlrpcd_ctl pd_threads[0];
 };
 
-static struct ptlrpcd_ctl ptlrpcd_pc;
-static struct ptlrpcd_ctl ptlrpcd_recovery_pc;
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+static int max_ptlrpcds;
+CFS_MODULE_PARM(max_ptlrpcds, "i", int, 0644,
+                "Max ptlrpcd thread count to be started.");
+
+static int ptlrpcd_bind_policy = PDB_POLICY_PAIR;
+CFS_MODULE_PARM(ptlrpcd_bind_policy, "i", int, 0644,
+                "Ptlrpcd threads binding mode.");
+#endif
+static struct ptlrpcd *ptlrpcds;
 
-static DECLARE_MUTEX(ptlrpcd_sem);
+struct mutex ptlrpcd_mutex;
 static int ptlrpcd_users = 0;
 
 void ptlrpcd_wake(struct ptlrpc_request *req)
 {
-        struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc = req->rq_ptlrpcd_data;
+        struct ptlrpc_request_set *rq_set = req->rq_set;
+
+        LASSERT(rq_set != NULL);
+
+        cfs_waitq_signal(&rq_set->set_waitq);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(ptlrpcd_wake);
+
+static struct ptlrpcd_ctl *
+ptlrpcd_select_pc(struct ptlrpc_request *req, pdl_policy_t policy, int index)
+{
+        int idx = 0;
 
-        LASSERT(pc != NULL);
+        if (req != NULL && req->rq_send_state != LUSTRE_IMP_FULL)
+                return &ptlrpcds->pd_thread_rcv;
 
-        wake_up(&pc->pc_waitq);
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+        switch (policy) {
+        case PDL_POLICY_SAME:
+                idx = cfs_smp_processor_id() % ptlrpcds->pd_nthreads;
+                break;
+        case PDL_POLICY_LOCAL:
+                /* Before CPU partition patches available, process it the same
+                 * as "PDL_POLICY_ROUND". */
+# ifdef CFS_CPU_MODE_NUMA
+# warning "fix this code to use new CPU partition APIs"
+# endif
+                /* Fall through to PDL_POLICY_ROUND until the CPU
+                 * CPU partition patches are available. */
+                index = -1;
+        case PDL_POLICY_PREFERRED:
+                if (index >= 0 && index < cfs_num_online_cpus()) {
+                        idx = index % ptlrpcds->pd_nthreads;
+                        break;
+                }
+                /* Fall through to PDL_POLICY_ROUND for bad index. */
+        default:
+                /* Fall through to PDL_POLICY_ROUND for unknown policy. */
+        case PDL_POLICY_ROUND:
+                /* We do not care whether it is strict load balance. */
+                idx = ptlrpcds->pd_index + 1;
+                if (idx == cfs_smp_processor_id())
+                        idx++;
+                idx %= ptlrpcds->pd_nthreads;
+                ptlrpcds->pd_index = idx;
+                break;
+        }
+#endif /* __KERNEL__ */
+
+        return &ptlrpcds->pd_threads[idx];
 }
 
-void ptlrpcd_add_req(struct ptlrpc_request *req)
+/**
+ * Move all request from an existing request set to the ptlrpcd queue.
+ * All requests from the set must be in phase RQ_PHASE_NEW.
+ */
+void ptlrpcd_add_rqset(struct ptlrpc_request_set *set)
 {
+        cfs_list_t *tmp, *pos;
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
         struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc;
+        struct ptlrpc_request_set *new;
+        int count, i;
 
-        if (req->rq_send_state == LUSTRE_IMP_FULL)
-                pc = &ptlrpcd_pc;
-        else 
-                pc = &ptlrpcd_recovery_pc;
+        pc = ptlrpcd_select_pc(NULL, PDL_POLICY_LOCAL, -1);
+        new = pc->pc_set;
+#endif
 
-        do_gettimeofday(&req->rq_rpcd_start);
-        ptlrpc_set_add_new_req(pc->pc_set, req);
-        req->rq_ptlrpcd_data = pc;
-                
-        ptlrpcd_wake(req);
+        cfs_list_for_each_safe(pos, tmp, &set->set_requests) {
+                struct ptlrpc_request *req =
+                        cfs_list_entry(pos, struct ptlrpc_request,
+                                       rq_set_chain);
+
+                LASSERT(req->rq_phase == RQ_PHASE_NEW);
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+                req->rq_set = new;
+                req->rq_queued_time = cfs_time_current();
+#else
+                cfs_list_del_init(&req->rq_set_chain);
+                req->rq_set = NULL;
+                ptlrpcd_add_req(req, PDL_POLICY_LOCAL, -1);
+                cfs_atomic_dec(&set->set_remaining);
+#endif
+        }
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+       spin_lock(&new->set_new_req_lock);
+       cfs_list_splice_init(&set->set_requests, &new->set_new_requests);
+       i = cfs_atomic_read(&set->set_remaining);
+       count = cfs_atomic_add_return(i, &new->set_new_count);
+       cfs_atomic_set(&set->set_remaining, 0);
+       spin_unlock(&new->set_new_req_lock);
+        if (count == i) {
+                cfs_waitq_signal(&new->set_waitq);
+
+                /* XXX: It maybe unnecessary to wakeup all the partners. But to
+                 *      guarantee the async RPC can be processed ASAP, we have
+                 *      no other better choice. It maybe fixed in future. */
+                for (i = 0; i < pc->pc_npartners; i++)
+                        cfs_waitq_signal(&pc->pc_partners[i]->pc_set->set_waitq);
+        }
+#endif
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(ptlrpcd_add_rqset);
 
-static int ptlrpcd_check(struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc)
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+/**
+ * Return transferred RPCs count.
+ */
+static int ptlrpcd_steal_rqset(struct ptlrpc_request_set *des,
+                               struct ptlrpc_request_set *src)
 {
-        struct list_head *tmp, *pos;
+        cfs_list_t *tmp, *pos;
         struct ptlrpc_request *req;
-        unsigned long flags;
         int rc = 0;
-        ENTRY;
 
-        if (test_bit(LIOD_STOP, &pc->pc_flags))
-                RETURN(1);
+       spin_lock(&src->set_new_req_lock);
+        if (likely(!cfs_list_empty(&src->set_new_requests))) {
+                cfs_list_for_each_safe(pos, tmp, &src->set_new_requests) {
+                        req = cfs_list_entry(pos, struct ptlrpc_request,
+                                             rq_set_chain);
+                        req->rq_set = des;
+                }
+                cfs_list_splice_init(&src->set_new_requests,
+                                     &des->set_requests);
+                rc = cfs_atomic_read(&src->set_new_count);
+                cfs_atomic_add(rc, &des->set_remaining);
+                cfs_atomic_set(&src->set_new_count, 0);
+        }
+       spin_unlock(&src->set_new_req_lock);
+       return rc;
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Requests that are added to the ptlrpcd queue are sent via
+ * ptlrpcd_check->ptlrpc_check_set().
+ */
+void ptlrpcd_add_req(struct ptlrpc_request *req, pdl_policy_t policy, int idx)
+{
+        struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc;
+
+       if (req->rq_reqmsg)
+               lustre_msg_set_jobid(req->rq_reqmsg, NULL);
+
+       spin_lock(&req->rq_lock);
+        if (req->rq_invalid_rqset) {
+                struct l_wait_info lwi = LWI_TIMEOUT(cfs_time_seconds(5),
+                                                     back_to_sleep, NULL);
+
+                req->rq_invalid_rqset = 0;
+               spin_unlock(&req->rq_lock);
+                l_wait_event(req->rq_set_waitq, (req->rq_set == NULL), &lwi);
+        } else if (req->rq_set) {
+                /* If we have a vaid "rq_set", just reuse it to avoid double
+                 * linked. */
+                LASSERT(req->rq_phase == RQ_PHASE_NEW);
+                LASSERT(req->rq_send_state == LUSTRE_IMP_REPLAY);
+
+                /* ptlrpc_check_set will decrease the count */
+                cfs_atomic_inc(&req->rq_set->set_remaining);
+               spin_unlock(&req->rq_lock);
+               cfs_waitq_signal(&req->rq_set->set_waitq);
+               return;
+       } else {
+               spin_unlock(&req->rq_lock);
+        }
+
+        pc = ptlrpcd_select_pc(req, policy, idx);
+
+        DEBUG_REQ(D_INFO, req, "add req [%p] to pc [%s:%d]",
+                  req, pc->pc_name, pc->pc_index);
+
+        ptlrpc_set_add_new_req(pc, req);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(ptlrpcd_add_req);
+
+static inline void ptlrpc_reqset_get(struct ptlrpc_request_set *set)
+{
+        cfs_atomic_inc(&set->set_refcount);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if there is more work to do on ptlrpcd set.
+ * Returns 1 if yes.
+ */
+static int ptlrpcd_check(struct lu_env *env, struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc)
+{
+        cfs_list_t *tmp, *pos;
+        struct ptlrpc_request *req;
+        struct ptlrpc_request_set *set = pc->pc_set;
+        int rc = 0;
+        int rc2;
+        ENTRY;
 
-        spin_lock_irqsave(&pc->pc_set->set_new_req_lock, flags);
-        list_for_each_safe(pos, tmp, &pc->pc_set->set_new_requests) {
-                req = list_entry(pos, struct ptlrpc_request, rq_set_chain);
-                list_del_init(&req->rq_set_chain);
-                ptlrpc_set_add_req(pc->pc_set, req);
-                rc = 1; /* need to calculate its timeout */
+        if (cfs_atomic_read(&set->set_new_count)) {
+               spin_lock(&set->set_new_req_lock);
+                if (likely(!cfs_list_empty(&set->set_new_requests))) {
+                        cfs_list_splice_init(&set->set_new_requests,
+                                             &set->set_requests);
+                        cfs_atomic_add(cfs_atomic_read(&set->set_new_count),
+                                       &set->set_remaining);
+                        cfs_atomic_set(&set->set_new_count, 0);
+                        /*
+                         * Need to calculate its timeout.
+                         */
+                        rc = 1;
+                }
+               spin_unlock(&set->set_new_req_lock);
         }
-        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pc->pc_set->set_new_req_lock, flags);
 
-        if (pc->pc_set->set_remaining) {
-                rc = rc | ptlrpc_check_set(pc->pc_set);
+        /* We should call lu_env_refill() before handling new requests to make
+         * sure that env key the requests depending on really exists.
+         */
+        rc2 = lu_env_refill(env);
+        if (rc2 != 0) {
+                /*
+                 * XXX This is very awkward situation, because
+                 * execution can neither continue (request
+                 * interpreters assume that env is set up), nor repeat
+                 * the loop (as this potentially results in a tight
+                 * loop of -ENOMEM's).
+                 *
+                 * Fortunately, refill only ever does something when
+                 * new modules are loaded, i.e., early during boot up.
+                 */
+                CERROR("Failure to refill session: %d\n", rc2);
+                RETURN(rc);
+        }
 
-                /* XXX our set never completes, so we prune the completed
-                 * reqs after each iteration. boy could this be smarter. */
-                list_for_each_safe(pos, tmp, &pc->pc_set->set_requests) {
-                        req = list_entry(pos, struct ptlrpc_request,
-                                         rq_set_chain);
+        if (cfs_atomic_read(&set->set_remaining))
+                rc |= ptlrpc_check_set(env, set);
+
+        if (!cfs_list_empty(&set->set_requests)) {
+                /*
+                 * XXX: our set never completes, so we prune the completed
+                 * reqs after each iteration. boy could this be smarter.
+                 */
+                cfs_list_for_each_safe(pos, tmp, &set->set_requests) {
+                        req = cfs_list_entry(pos, struct ptlrpc_request,
+                                             rq_set_chain);
                         if (req->rq_phase != RQ_PHASE_COMPLETE)
                                 continue;
 
-                        list_del_init(&req->rq_set_chain);
+                        cfs_list_del_init(&req->rq_set_chain);
                         req->rq_set = NULL;
-                        ptlrpc_req_finished (req);
+                        ptlrpc_req_finished(req);
                 }
         }
+
         if (rc == 0) {
-                /* If new requests have been added, make sure to wake up */
-                spin_lock_irqsave(&pc->pc_set->set_new_req_lock, flags);
-                rc = !list_empty(&pc->pc_set->set_new_requests);
-                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pc->pc_set->set_new_req_lock, flags);
+                /*
+                 * If new requests have been added, make sure to wake up.
+                 */
+                rc = cfs_atomic_read(&set->set_new_count);
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+                /* If we have nothing to do, check whether we can take some
+                 * work from our partner threads. */
+                if (rc == 0 && pc->pc_npartners > 0) {
+                        struct ptlrpcd_ctl *partner;
+                        struct ptlrpc_request_set *ps;
+                        int first = pc->pc_cursor;
+
+                        do {
+                                partner = pc->pc_partners[pc->pc_cursor++];
+                                if (pc->pc_cursor >= pc->pc_npartners)
+                                        pc->pc_cursor = 0;
+                                if (partner == NULL)
+                                        continue;
+
+                               spin_lock(&partner->pc_lock);
+                               ps = partner->pc_set;
+                               if (ps == NULL) {
+                                       spin_unlock(&partner->pc_lock);
+                                       continue;
+                               }
+
+                               ptlrpc_reqset_get(ps);
+                               spin_unlock(&partner->pc_lock);
+
+                                if (cfs_atomic_read(&ps->set_new_count)) {
+                                        rc = ptlrpcd_steal_rqset(set, ps);
+                                        if (rc > 0)
+                                                CDEBUG(D_RPCTRACE, "transfer %d"
+                                                       " async RPCs [%d->%d]\n",
+                                                        rc, partner->pc_index,
+                                                        pc->pc_index);
+                                }
+                                ptlrpc_reqset_put(ps);
+                        } while (rc == 0 && pc->pc_cursor != first);
+                }
+#endif
         }
+
         RETURN(rc);
 }
 
 #ifdef __KERNEL__
-/* ptlrpc's code paths like to execute in process context, so we have this
- * thread which spins on a set which contains the io rpcs.  llite specifies
- * ptlrpcd's set when it pushes pages down into the oscs */
+/**
+ * Main ptlrpcd thread.
+ * ptlrpc's code paths like to execute in process context, so we have this
+ * thread which spins on a set which contains the rpcs and sends them.
+ *
+ */
 static int ptlrpcd(void *arg)
 {
         struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc = arg;
-        unsigned long flags;
+        struct ptlrpc_request_set *set = pc->pc_set;
+        struct lu_env env = { .le_ses = NULL };
+        int rc, exit = 0;
         ENTRY;
 
-        kportal_daemonize(pc->pc_name);
-
-        SIGNAL_MASK_LOCK(current, flags);
-        sigfillset(&current->blocked);
-        RECALC_SIGPENDING;
-        SIGNAL_MASK_UNLOCK(current, flags);
-
-        complete(&pc->pc_starting);
-
-        /* this mainloop strongly resembles ptlrpc_set_wait except
-         * that our set never completes.  ptlrpcd_check calls ptlrpc_check_set
-         * when there are requests in the set.  new requests come in
-         * on the set's new_req_list and ptlrpcd_check moves them into
-         * the set. */
-        while (1) {
-                wait_queue_t set_wait;
+       cfs_daemonize_ctxt(pc->pc_name);
+#if defined(CONFIG_SMP) && \
+(defined(HAVE_CPUMASK_OF_NODE) || defined(HAVE_NODE_TO_CPUMASK))
+       if (test_bit(LIOD_BIND, &pc->pc_flags)) {
+               int index = pc->pc_index;
+
+                if (index >= 0 && index < cfs_num_possible_cpus()) {
+                       while (!cpu_online(index)) {
+                               if (++index >= cfs_num_possible_cpus())
+                                       index = 0;
+                       }
+                       cfs_set_cpus_allowed(cfs_current(),
+                                    *cpumask_of_node(cpu_to_node(index)));
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+        /*
+         * XXX So far only "client" ptlrpcd uses an environment. In
+         * the future, ptlrpcd thread (or a thread-set) has to given
+         * an argument, describing its "scope".
+         */
+        rc = lu_context_init(&env.le_ctx,
+                             LCT_CL_THREAD|LCT_REMEMBER|LCT_NOREF);
+       complete(&pc->pc_starting);
+
+        if (rc != 0)
+                RETURN(rc);
+
+        /*
+         * This mainloop strongly resembles ptlrpc_set_wait() except that our
+         * set never completes.  ptlrpcd_check() calls ptlrpc_check_set() when
+         * there are requests in the set. New requests come in on the set's
+         * new_req_list and ptlrpcd_check() moves them into the set.
+         */
+        do {
                 struct l_wait_info lwi;
                 int timeout;
 
-                timeout = ptlrpc_set_next_timeout(pc->pc_set) * HZ;
-                lwi = LWI_TIMEOUT(timeout, ptlrpc_expired_set, pc->pc_set);
+                timeout = ptlrpc_set_next_timeout(set);
+                lwi = LWI_TIMEOUT(cfs_time_seconds(timeout ? timeout : 1),
+                                  ptlrpc_expired_set, set);
+
+                lu_context_enter(&env.le_ctx);
+                l_wait_event(set->set_waitq,
+                             ptlrpcd_check(&env, pc), &lwi);
+                lu_context_exit(&env.le_ctx);
+
+                /*
+                 * Abort inflight rpcs for forced stop case.
+                 */
+               if (test_bit(LIOD_STOP, &pc->pc_flags)) {
+                       if (test_bit(LIOD_FORCE, &pc->pc_flags))
+                                ptlrpc_abort_set(set);
+                        exit++;
+                }
 
-                /* ala the pinger, wait on pc's waitqueue and the set's */
-                init_waitqueue_entry(&set_wait, current);
-                add_wait_queue(&pc->pc_set->set_waitq, &set_wait);
-                l_wait_event(pc->pc_waitq, ptlrpcd_check(pc), &lwi);
-                remove_wait_queue(&pc->pc_set->set_waitq, &set_wait);
+                /*
+                 * Let's make one more loop to make sure that ptlrpcd_check()
+                 * copied all raced new rpcs into the set so we can kill them.
+                 */
+        } while (exit < 2);
+
+        /*
+         * Wait for inflight requests to drain.
+         */
+        if (!cfs_list_empty(&set->set_requests))
+                ptlrpc_set_wait(set);
+        lu_context_fini(&env.le_ctx);
+
+       complete(&pc->pc_finishing);
 
-                if (test_bit(LIOD_STOP, &pc->pc_flags))
-                        break;
-        }
-        /* wait for inflight requests to drain */
-        if (!list_empty(&pc->pc_set->set_requests))
-                ptlrpc_set_wait(pc->pc_set);
-        complete(&pc->pc_finishing);
         return 0;
 }
+
+/* XXX: We want multiple CPU cores to share the async RPC load. So we start many
+ *      ptlrpcd threads. We also want to reduce the ptlrpcd overhead caused by
+ *      data transfer cross-CPU cores. So we bind ptlrpcd thread to specified
+ *      CPU core. But binding all ptlrpcd threads maybe cause response delay
+ *      because of some CPU core(s) busy with other loads.
+ *
+ *      For example: "ls -l", some async RPCs for statahead are assigned to
+ *      ptlrpcd_0, and ptlrpcd_0 is bound to CPU_0, but CPU_0 may be quite busy
+ *      with other non-ptlrpcd, like "ls -l" itself (we want to the "ls -l"
+ *      thread, statahead thread, and ptlrpcd thread can run in parallel), under
+ *      such case, the statahead async RPCs can not be processed in time, it is
+ *      unexpected. If ptlrpcd_0 can be re-scheduled on other CPU core, it may
+ *      be better. But it breaks former data transfer policy.
+ *
+ *      So we shouldn't be blind for avoiding the data transfer. We make some
+ *      compromise: divide the ptlrpcd threds pool into two parts. One part is
+ *      for bound mode, each ptlrpcd thread in this part is bound to some CPU
+ *      core. The other part is for free mode, all the ptlrpcd threads in the
+ *      part can be scheduled on any CPU core. We specify some partnership
+ *      between bound mode ptlrpcd thread(s) and free mode ptlrpcd thread(s),
+ *      and the async RPC load within the partners are shared.
+ *
+ *      It can partly avoid data transfer cross-CPU (if the bound mode ptlrpcd
+ *      thread can be scheduled in time), and try to guarantee the async RPC
+ *      processed ASAP (as long as the free mode ptlrpcd thread can be scheduled
+ *      on any CPU core).
+ *
+ *      As for how to specify the partnership between bound mode ptlrpcd
+ *      thread(s) and free mode ptlrpcd thread(s), the simplest way is to use
+ *      <free bound> pair. In future, we can specify some more complex
+ *      partnership based on the patches for CPU partition. But before such
+ *      patches are available, we prefer to use the simplest one.
+ */
+# ifdef CFS_CPU_MODE_NUMA
+# warning "fix ptlrpcd_bind() to use new CPU partition APIs"
+# endif
+static int ptlrpcd_bind(int index, int max)
+{
+       struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc;
+       int rc = 0;
+#if defined(CONFIG_NUMA) && \
+(defined(HAVE_CPUMASK_OF_NODE) || defined(HAVE_NODE_TO_CPUMASK))
+       cpumask_t mask;
+#endif
+       ENTRY;
+
+        LASSERT(index <= max - 1);
+        pc = &ptlrpcds->pd_threads[index];
+        switch (ptlrpcd_bind_policy) {
+        case PDB_POLICY_NONE:
+                pc->pc_npartners = -1;
+                break;
+        case PDB_POLICY_FULL:
+                pc->pc_npartners = 0;
+               set_bit(LIOD_BIND, &pc->pc_flags);
+                break;
+        case PDB_POLICY_PAIR:
+                LASSERT(max % 2 == 0);
+                pc->pc_npartners = 1;
+                break;
+       case PDB_POLICY_NEIGHBOR:
+#if defined(CONFIG_NUMA) && \
+(defined(HAVE_CPUMASK_OF_NODE) || defined(HAVE_NODE_TO_CPUMASK))
+       {
+               int i;
+               mask = *cpumask_of_node(cpu_to_node(index));
+               for (i = max; i < cfs_num_online_cpus(); i++)
+                       cpu_clear(i, mask);
+               pc->pc_npartners = cpus_weight(mask) - 1;
+               set_bit(LIOD_BIND, &pc->pc_flags);
+       }
 #else
+                LASSERT(max >= 3);
+                pc->pc_npartners = 2;
+#endif
+                break;
+        default:
+                CERROR("unknown ptlrpcd bind policy %d\n", ptlrpcd_bind_policy);
+                rc = -EINVAL;
+        }
 
+        if (rc == 0 && pc->pc_npartners > 0) {
+                OBD_ALLOC(pc->pc_partners,
+                          sizeof(struct ptlrpcd_ctl *) * pc->pc_npartners);
+                if (pc->pc_partners == NULL) {
+                        pc->pc_npartners = 0;
+                        rc = -ENOMEM;
+                } else {
+                        switch (ptlrpcd_bind_policy) {
+                        case PDB_POLICY_PAIR:
+                                if (index & 0x1) {
+                                       set_bit(LIOD_BIND, &pc->pc_flags);
+                                        pc->pc_partners[0] = &ptlrpcds->
+                                                pd_threads[index - 1];
+                                        ptlrpcds->pd_threads[index - 1].
+                                                pc_partners[0] = pc;
+                                }
+                                break;
+                       case PDB_POLICY_NEIGHBOR:
+#if defined(CONFIG_NUMA) && \
+(defined(HAVE_CPUMASK_OF_NODE) || defined(HAVE_NODE_TO_CPUMASK))
+                       {
+                               struct ptlrpcd_ctl *ppc;
+                               int i, pidx;
+                               /* partners are cores in the same NUMA node.
+                                * setup partnership only with ptlrpcd threads
+                                * that are already initialized
+                                */
+                               for (pidx = 0, i = 0; i < index; i++) {
+                                       if (cpu_isset(i, mask)) {
+                                               ppc = &ptlrpcds->pd_threads[i];
+                                               pc->pc_partners[pidx++] = ppc;
+                                               ppc->pc_partners[ppc->
+                                                         pc_npartners++] = pc;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                                /* adjust number of partners to the number
+                                 * of partnership really setup */
+                                pc->pc_npartners = pidx;
+                       }
+#else
+                                if (index & 0x1)
+                                       set_bit(LIOD_BIND, &pc->pc_flags);
+                                if (index > 0) {
+                                        pc->pc_partners[0] = &ptlrpcds->
+                                                pd_threads[index - 1];
+                                        ptlrpcds->pd_threads[index - 1].
+                                                pc_partners[1] = pc;
+                                        if (index == max - 1) {
+                                                pc->pc_partners[1] =
+                                                &ptlrpcds->pd_threads[0];
+                                                ptlrpcds->pd_threads[0].
+                                                pc_partners[0] = pc;
+                                        }
+                                }
+#endif
+                                break;
+                        }
+                }
+        }
+
+        RETURN(rc);
+}
+
+#else /* !__KERNEL__ */
+
+/**
+ * In liblustre we do not have separate threads, so this function
+ * is called from time to time all across common code to see
+ * if something needs to be processed on ptlrpcd set.
+ */
 int ptlrpcd_check_async_rpcs(void *arg)
 {
         struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc = arg;
-        int                  rc = 0;
+        int                 rc = 0;
 
-        /* single threaded!! */
+        /*
+         * Single threaded!!
+         */
         pc->pc_recurred++;
 
         if (pc->pc_recurred == 1) {
-                rc = ptlrpcd_check(pc);
-                if (!rc)
-                        ptlrpc_expired_set(pc->pc_set);
+                rc = lu_env_refill(&pc->pc_env);
+                if (rc == 0) {
+                        lu_context_enter(&pc->pc_env.le_ctx);
+                        rc = ptlrpcd_check(&pc->pc_env, pc);
+                        if (!rc)
+                                ptlrpc_expired_set(pc->pc_set);
+                        /*
+                         * XXX: send replay requests.
+                         */
+                       if (test_bit(LIOD_RECOVERY, &pc->pc_flags))
+                                rc = ptlrpcd_check(&pc->pc_env, pc);
+                        lu_context_exit(&pc->pc_env.le_ctx);
+                }
         }
 
         pc->pc_recurred--;
         return rc;
 }
-#endif
 
-static int ptlrpcd_start(char *name, struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc)
+int ptlrpcd_idle(void *arg)
 {
-        int rc = 0;
+        struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc = arg;
 
-        memset(pc, 0, sizeof(*pc));
-        init_completion(&pc->pc_starting);
-        init_completion(&pc->pc_finishing);
-        init_waitqueue_head(&pc->pc_waitq);
-        pc->pc_flags = 0;
-        spin_lock_init(&pc->pc_lock);
-        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pc->pc_req_list);
-        snprintf (pc->pc_name, sizeof (pc->pc_name), name);
+        return (cfs_atomic_read(&pc->pc_set->set_new_count) == 0 &&
+                cfs_atomic_read(&pc->pc_set->set_remaining) == 0);
+}
 
+#endif
+
+int ptlrpcd_start(int index, int max, const char *name, struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc)
+{
+        int rc;
+        int env = 0;
+        ENTRY;
+
+        /*
+         * Do not allow start second thread for one pc.
+         */
+       if (test_and_set_bit(LIOD_START, &pc->pc_flags)) {
+               CWARN("Starting second thread (%s) for same pc %p\n",
+                     name, pc);
+               RETURN(0);
+       }
+
+       pc->pc_index = index;
+       init_completion(&pc->pc_starting);
+       init_completion(&pc->pc_finishing);
+       spin_lock_init(&pc->pc_lock);
+        strncpy(pc->pc_name, name, sizeof(pc->pc_name) - 1);
         pc->pc_set = ptlrpc_prep_set();
         if (pc->pc_set == NULL)
                 GOTO(out, rc = -ENOMEM);
+        /*
+         * So far only "client" ptlrpcd uses an environment. In the future,
+         * ptlrpcd thread (or a thread-set) has to be given an argument,
+         * describing its "scope".
+         */
+        rc = lu_context_init(&pc->pc_env.le_ctx, LCT_CL_THREAD|LCT_REMEMBER);
+        if (rc != 0)
+                GOTO(out, rc);
 
+        env = 1;
 #ifdef __KERNEL__
-        if (kernel_thread(ptlrpcd, pc, 0) < 0)  {
-                ptlrpc_set_destroy(pc->pc_set);
-                GOTO(out, rc = -ECHILD);
+        if (index >= 0) {
+                rc = ptlrpcd_bind(index, max);
+                if (rc < 0)
+                        GOTO(out, rc);
         }
 
-        wait_for_completion(&pc->pc_starting);
+        rc = cfs_create_thread(ptlrpcd, pc, 0);
+        if (rc < 0)
+                GOTO(out, rc);
+
+        rc = 0;
+       wait_for_completion(&pc->pc_starting);
 #else
-        pc->pc_callback =
-                liblustre_register_wait_callback(&ptlrpcd_check_async_rpcs, pc);
+        pc->pc_wait_callback =
+                liblustre_register_wait_callback("ptlrpcd_check_async_rpcs",
+                                                 &ptlrpcd_check_async_rpcs, pc);
+        pc->pc_idle_callback =
+                liblustre_register_idle_callback("ptlrpcd_check_idle_rpcs",
+                                                 &ptlrpcd_idle, pc);
 #endif
 out:
-        RETURN(rc);
+        if (rc) {
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+                if (pc->pc_set != NULL) {
+                        struct ptlrpc_request_set *set = pc->pc_set;
+
+                       spin_lock(&pc->pc_lock);
+                       pc->pc_set = NULL;
+                       spin_unlock(&pc->pc_lock);
+                       ptlrpc_set_destroy(set);
+               }
+               if (env != 0)
+                       lu_context_fini(&pc->pc_env.le_ctx);
+               clear_bit(LIOD_BIND, &pc->pc_flags);
+#else
+               SET_BUT_UNUSED(env);
+#endif
+               clear_bit(LIOD_START, &pc->pc_flags);
+       }
+       RETURN(rc);
 }
 
-static void ptlrpcd_stop(struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc)
+void ptlrpcd_stop(struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc, int force)
 {
-        set_bit(LIOD_STOP, &pc->pc_flags);
-        wake_up(&pc->pc_waitq);
+       ENTRY;
+
+       if (!test_bit(LIOD_START, &pc->pc_flags)) {
+               CWARN("Thread for pc %p was not started\n", pc);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       set_bit(LIOD_STOP, &pc->pc_flags);
+       if (force)
+               set_bit(LIOD_FORCE, &pc->pc_flags);
+       cfs_waitq_signal(&pc->pc_set->set_waitq);
+
+out:
+       EXIT;
+}
+
+void ptlrpcd_free(struct ptlrpcd_ctl *pc)
+{
+       struct ptlrpc_request_set *set = pc->pc_set;
+       ENTRY;
+
+       if (!test_bit(LIOD_START, &pc->pc_flags)) {
+               CWARN("Thread for pc %p was not started\n", pc);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
 #ifdef __KERNEL__
-        wait_for_completion(&pc->pc_finishing);
+       wait_for_completion(&pc->pc_finishing);
 #else
-        liblustre_deregister_wait_callback(pc->pc_callback);
+       liblustre_deregister_wait_callback(pc->pc_wait_callback);
+       liblustre_deregister_idle_callback(pc->pc_idle_callback);
 #endif
-        ptlrpc_set_destroy(pc->pc_set);
+       lu_context_fini(&pc->pc_env.le_ctx);
+
+       spin_lock(&pc->pc_lock);
+       pc->pc_set = NULL;
+       spin_unlock(&pc->pc_lock);
+       ptlrpc_set_destroy(set);
+
+       clear_bit(LIOD_START, &pc->pc_flags);
+       clear_bit(LIOD_STOP, &pc->pc_flags);
+       clear_bit(LIOD_FORCE, &pc->pc_flags);
+       clear_bit(LIOD_BIND, &pc->pc_flags);
+
+out:
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+        if (pc->pc_npartners > 0) {
+                LASSERT(pc->pc_partners != NULL);
+
+                OBD_FREE(pc->pc_partners,
+                         sizeof(struct ptlrpcd_ctl *) * pc->pc_npartners);
+                pc->pc_partners = NULL;
+        }
+        pc->pc_npartners = 0;
+#endif
+        EXIT;
 }
 
-int ptlrpcd_addref(void)
+static void ptlrpcd_fini(void)
 {
-        int rc = 0;
+       int i;
+       ENTRY;
+
+       if (ptlrpcds != NULL) {
+               for (i = 0; i < ptlrpcds->pd_nthreads; i++)
+                       ptlrpcd_stop(&ptlrpcds->pd_threads[i], 0);
+               for (i = 0; i < ptlrpcds->pd_nthreads; i++)
+                       ptlrpcd_free(&ptlrpcds->pd_threads[i]);
+               ptlrpcd_stop(&ptlrpcds->pd_thread_rcv, 0);
+               ptlrpcd_free(&ptlrpcds->pd_thread_rcv);
+               OBD_FREE(ptlrpcds, ptlrpcds->pd_size);
+               ptlrpcds = NULL;
+       }
+
+       EXIT;
+}
+
+static int ptlrpcd_init(void)
+{
+        int nthreads = cfs_num_online_cpus();
+        char name[16];
+        int size, i = -1, j, rc = 0;
         ENTRY;
 
-        down(&ptlrpcd_sem);
-        if (++ptlrpcd_users != 1)
-                GOTO(out, rc);
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+        if (max_ptlrpcds > 0 && max_ptlrpcds < nthreads)
+                nthreads = max_ptlrpcds;
+        if (nthreads < 2)
+                nthreads = 2;
+        if (nthreads < 3 && ptlrpcd_bind_policy == PDB_POLICY_NEIGHBOR)
+                ptlrpcd_bind_policy = PDB_POLICY_PAIR;
+        else if (nthreads % 2 != 0 && ptlrpcd_bind_policy == PDB_POLICY_PAIR)
+                nthreads &= ~1; /* make sure it is even */
+#else
+        nthreads = 1;
+#endif
 
-        rc = ptlrpcd_start("ptlrpcd", &ptlrpcd_pc);
-        if (rc) {
-                --ptlrpcd_users;
-                GOTO(out, rc);
-        }
+        size = offsetof(struct ptlrpcd, pd_threads[nthreads]);
+        OBD_ALLOC(ptlrpcds, size);
+        if (ptlrpcds == NULL)
+                GOTO(out, rc = -ENOMEM);
 
-        rc = ptlrpcd_start("ptlrpcd-recov", &ptlrpcd_recovery_pc);
-        if (rc) {
-                ptlrpcd_stop(&ptlrpcd_pc);
-                --ptlrpcd_users;
+        snprintf(name, 15, "ptlrpcd_rcv");
+       set_bit(LIOD_RECOVERY, &ptlrpcds->pd_thread_rcv.pc_flags);
+        rc = ptlrpcd_start(-1, nthreads, name, &ptlrpcds->pd_thread_rcv);
+        if (rc < 0)
                 GOTO(out, rc);
+
+        /* XXX: We start nthreads ptlrpc daemons. Each of them can process any
+         *      non-recovery async RPC to improve overall async RPC efficiency.
+         *
+         *      But there are some issues with async I/O RPCs and async non-I/O
+         *      RPCs processed in the same set under some cases. The ptlrpcd may
+         *      be blocked by some async I/O RPC(s), then will cause other async
+         *      non-I/O RPC(s) can not be processed in time.
+         *
+         *      Maybe we should distinguish blocked async RPCs from non-blocked
+         *      async RPCs, and process them in different ptlrpcd sets to avoid
+         *      unnecessary dependency. But how to distribute async RPCs load
+         *      among all the ptlrpc daemons becomes another trouble. */
+        for (i = 0; i < nthreads; i++) {
+                snprintf(name, 15, "ptlrpcd_%d", i);
+                rc = ptlrpcd_start(i, nthreads, name, &ptlrpcds->pd_threads[i]);
+                if (rc < 0)
+                        GOTO(out, rc);
         }
+
+        ptlrpcds->pd_size = size;
+        ptlrpcds->pd_index = 0;
+        ptlrpcds->pd_nthreads = nthreads;
+
 out:
-        up(&ptlrpcd_sem);
+        if (rc != 0 && ptlrpcds != NULL) {
+                for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
+                        ptlrpcd_stop(&ptlrpcds->pd_threads[j], 0);
+               for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
+                       ptlrpcd_free(&ptlrpcds->pd_threads[j]);
+               ptlrpcd_stop(&ptlrpcds->pd_thread_rcv, 0);
+               ptlrpcd_free(&ptlrpcds->pd_thread_rcv);
+                OBD_FREE(ptlrpcds, size);
+                ptlrpcds = NULL;
+        }
+
+        RETURN(0);
+}
+
+int ptlrpcd_addref(void)
+{
+        int rc = 0;
+        ENTRY;
+
+       mutex_lock(&ptlrpcd_mutex);
+        if (++ptlrpcd_users == 1)
+                rc = ptlrpcd_init();
+       mutex_unlock(&ptlrpcd_mutex);
         RETURN(rc);
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(ptlrpcd_addref);
 
 void ptlrpcd_decref(void)
 {
-        down(&ptlrpcd_sem);
-        if (--ptlrpcd_users == 0) {
-                ptlrpcd_stop(&ptlrpcd_pc);
-                ptlrpcd_stop(&ptlrpcd_recovery_pc);
-        }
-        up(&ptlrpcd_sem);
+       mutex_lock(&ptlrpcd_mutex);
+        if (--ptlrpcd_users == 0)
+                ptlrpcd_fini();
+       mutex_unlock(&ptlrpcd_mutex);
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(ptlrpcd_decref);
+/** @} ptlrpcd */