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LU-17705 ptlrpc: replace synchronize_rcu() with rcu_barrier()
[fs/lustre-release.git] / lustre / obdclass / cl_page.c
index 33aaf17..7a501f5 100644 (file)
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-/* -*- mode: c; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
- * vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=8:tabstop=8:
- *
+/*
  * GPL HEADER START
  *
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  * version 2 along with this program; If not, see
- * http://www.sun.com/software/products/lustre/docs/GPLv2.pdf
- *
- * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
- * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
- * have any questions.
+ * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html
  *
  * GPL HEADER END
  */
 /*
- * Copyright 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * Use is subject to license terms.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2017, Intel Corporation.
  */
 /*
  * This file is part of Lustre, http://www.lustre.org/
- * Lustre is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
  *
  * Client Lustre Page.
  *
  *   Author: Nikita Danilov <nikita.danilov@sun.com>
+ *   Author: Jinshan Xiong <jinshan.xiong@intel.com>
  */
 
 #define DEBUG_SUBSYSTEM S_CLASS
-#ifndef EXPORT_SYMTAB
-# define EXPORT_SYMTAB
-#endif
 
+#include <linux/list.h>
 #include <libcfs/libcfs.h>
 #include <obd_class.h>
 #include <obd_support.h>
-#include <libcfs/list.h>
 
 #include <cl_object.h>
 #include "cl_internal.h"
 
-static void cl_page_delete0(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *pg,
-                            int radix);
-
-static cfs_mem_cache_t      *cl_page_kmem = NULL;
-
-static struct lu_kmem_descr cl_page_caches[] = {
-        {
-                .ckd_cache = &cl_page_kmem,
-                .ckd_name  = "cl_page_kmem",
-                .ckd_size  = sizeof (struct cl_page)
-        },
-        {
-                .ckd_cache = NULL
-        }
-};
+static void __cl_page_delete(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *pg);
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(cl_page_kmem_mutex);
 
 #ifdef LIBCFS_DEBUG
 # define PASSERT(env, page, expr)                                       \
-  do {                                                                    \
-          if (unlikely(!(expr))) {                                      \
-                  CL_PAGE_DEBUG(D_ERROR, (env), (page), #expr "\n");    \
-                  LASSERT(0);                                           \
-          }                                                             \
-  } while (0)
+do {                                                                    \
+       if (unlikely(!(expr))) {                                        \
+               CL_PAGE_DEBUG(D_ERROR, (env), (page), #expr "\n");      \
+               LASSERT(0);                                             \
+       }                                                               \
+} while (0)
 #else /* !LIBCFS_DEBUG */
-# define PASSERT(env, page, exp) \
-        ((void)sizeof(env), (void)sizeof(page), (void)sizeof !!(exp))
+#define PASSERT(env, page, exp) \
+       ((void)sizeof(env), (void)sizeof(page), (void)sizeof !!(exp))
 #endif /* !LIBCFS_DEBUG */
 
-#ifdef INVARIANT_CHECK
+#ifdef CONFIG_LUSTRE_DEBUG_EXPENSIVE_CHECK
 # define PINVRNT(env, page, expr)                                       \
-  do {                                                                    \
-          if (unlikely(!(expr))) {                                      \
-                  CL_PAGE_DEBUG(D_ERROR, (env), (page), #expr "\n");    \
-                  LINVRNT(0);                                           \
-          }                                                             \
-  } while (0)
-#else /* !INVARIANT_CHECK */
+do {                                                                    \
+       if (unlikely(!(expr))) {                                        \
+               CL_PAGE_DEBUG(D_ERROR, (env), (page), #expr "\n");      \
+               LINVRNT(0);                                             \
+       }                                                               \
+} while (0)
+#else /* !CONFIG_LUSTRE_DEBUG_EXPENSIVE_CHECK */
 # define PINVRNT(env, page, exp) \
-        ((void)sizeof(env), (void)sizeof(page), (void)sizeof !!(exp))
-#endif /* !INVARIANT_CHECK */
+        ((void)sizeof(env), (void)sizeof(page), (void)sizeof !!(exp))
+#endif /* !CONFIG_LUSTRE_DEBUG_EXPENSIVE_CHECK */
 
-/**
- * Internal version of cl_page_top, it should be called with page referenced,
- * or coh_page_guard held.
- */
-static struct cl_page *cl_page_top_trusted(struct cl_page *page)
+/* Disable page statistic by default due to huge performance penalty. */
+static void cs_page_inc(const struct cl_object *obj,
+                       enum cache_stats_item item)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGESTATE_TRACKING
+       atomic_inc(&cl_object_site(obj)->cs_pages.cs_stats[item]);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void cs_page_dec(const struct cl_object *obj,
+                       enum cache_stats_item item)
 {
-        LASSERT(cl_is_page(page));
-        while (page->cp_parent != NULL)
-                page = page->cp_parent;
-        return page;
+#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGESTATE_TRACKING
+       atomic_dec(&cl_object_site(obj)->cs_pages.cs_stats[item]);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void cs_pagestate_inc(const struct cl_object *obj,
+                            enum cl_page_state state)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGESTATE_TRACKING
+       atomic_inc(&cl_object_site(obj)->cs_pages_state[state]);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void cs_pagestate_dec(const struct cl_object *obj,
+                            enum cl_page_state state)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGESTATE_TRACKING
+       atomic_dec(&cl_object_site(obj)->cs_pages_state[state]);
+#endif
 }
 
 /**
@@ -110,256 +111,206 @@ static struct cl_page *cl_page_top_trusted(struct cl_page *page)
  *
  * This function can be used to obtain initial reference to previously
  * unreferenced cached object. It can be called only if concurrent page
- * reclamation is somehow prevented, e.g., by locking page radix-tree
- * (cl_object_header::hdr->coh_page_guard), or by keeping a lock on a VM page,
+ * reclamation is somehow prevented, e.g., by keeping a lock on a VM page,
  * associated with \a page.
  *
  * Use with care! Not exported.
  */
 static void cl_page_get_trust(struct cl_page *page)
 {
-        LASSERT(cl_is_page(page));
-        /*
-         * Checkless version for trusted users.
-         */
-        if (atomic_inc_return(&page->cp_ref) == 1)
-                atomic_inc(&cl_object_site(page->cp_obj)->cs_pages.cs_busy);
+       LASSERT(refcount_read(&page->cp_ref) > 0);
+       refcount_inc(&page->cp_ref);
 }
 
-/**
- * Returns a slice within a page, corresponding to the given layer in the
- * device stack.
- *
- * \see cl_lock_at()
- */
-static const struct cl_page_slice *
-cl_page_at_trusted(const struct cl_page *page,
-                   const struct lu_device_type *dtype)
+static struct cl_page_slice *
+cl_page_slice_get(const struct cl_page *cl_page, int index)
 {
-        const struct cl_page_slice *slice;
-
-#ifdef INVARIANT_CHECK
-        struct cl_object_header *ch = cl_object_header(page->cp_obj);
-
-        if (!atomic_read(&page->cp_ref))
-                LASSERT_SPIN_LOCKED(&ch->coh_page_guard);
-#endif
-        ENTRY;
-
-        page = cl_page_top_trusted((struct cl_page *)page);
-        do {
-                list_for_each_entry(slice, &page->cp_layers, cpl_linkage) {
-                        if (slice->cpl_obj->co_lu.lo_dev->ld_type == dtype)
-                                RETURN(slice);
-                }
-                page = page->cp_child;
-        } while (page != NULL);
-        RETURN(NULL);
+       if (index < 0 || index >= cl_page->cp_layer_count)
+               return NULL;
+
+       /* To get the cp_layer_offset values fit under 256 bytes, we
+        * use the offset beyond the end of struct cl_page.
+        */
+       return (struct cl_page_slice *)((char *)cl_page + sizeof(*cl_page) +
+                                       cl_page->cp_layer_offset[index]);
 }
 
-/**
- * Returns a page with given index in the given object, or NULL if no page is
- * found. Acquires a reference on \a page.
- *
- * Locking: called under cl_object_header::coh_page_guard spin-lock.
- */
-struct cl_page *cl_page_lookup(struct cl_object_header *hdr, pgoff_t index)
-{
-        struct cl_page *page;
+#define cl_page_slice_for_each(cl_page, slice, i)              \
+       for (i = 0, slice = cl_page_slice_get(cl_page, 0);      \
+            i < (cl_page)->cp_layer_count;                     \
+            slice = cl_page_slice_get(cl_page, ++i))
 
-        LASSERT_SPIN_LOCKED(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-
-        page = radix_tree_lookup(&hdr->coh_tree, index);
-        if (page != NULL) {
-                LASSERT(cl_is_page(page));
-                cl_page_get_trust(page);
-        }
-        return page;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_lookup);
+#define cl_page_slice_for_each_reverse(cl_page, slice, i)      \
+       for (i = (cl_page)->cp_layer_count - 1,                 \
+            slice = cl_page_slice_get(cl_page, i); i >= 0;     \
+            slice = cl_page_slice_get(cl_page, --i))
 
-/**
- * Returns a list of pages by a given [start, end] of @obj.
- *
- * Gang tree lookup (radix_tree_gang_lookup()) optimization is absolutely
- * crucial in the face of [offset, EOF] locks.
- */
-void cl_page_gang_lookup(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_object *obj,
-                         struct cl_io *io, pgoff_t start, pgoff_t end,
-                         struct cl_page_list *queue)
+static void __cl_page_free(struct cl_page *cl_page, unsigned short bufsize)
 {
-        struct cl_object_header *hdr;
-        struct cl_page          *page;
-        struct cl_page         **pvec;
-        const struct cl_page_slice  *slice;
-        const struct lu_device_type *dtype;
-        pgoff_t                  idx;
-        unsigned int             nr;
-        unsigned int             i;
-        unsigned int             j;
-        ENTRY;
-
-        idx = start;
-        hdr = cl_object_header(obj);
-        pvec = cl_env_info(env)->clt_pvec;
-        dtype = cl_object_top(obj)->co_lu.lo_dev->ld_type;
-        spin_lock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-        while ((nr = radix_tree_gang_lookup(&hdr->coh_tree, (void **)pvec,
-                                            idx, CLT_PVEC_SIZE)) > 0) {
-                idx = pvec[nr - 1]->cp_index + 1;
-                for (i = 0, j = 0; i < nr; ++i) {
-                        page = pvec[i];
-                        PASSERT(env, page, cl_is_page(page));
-                        pvec[i] = NULL;
-                        if (page->cp_index > end)
-                                break;
-                        if (page->cp_state == CPS_FREEING)
-                                continue;
-                        if (page->cp_type == CPT_TRANSIENT) {
-                                /* God, we found a transient page!*/
-                                continue;
-                        }
-
-                        slice = cl_page_at_trusted(page, dtype);
-                        /*
-                         * Pages for lsm-less file has no underneath sub-page
-                         * for osc, in case of ...
-                         */
-                        PASSERT(env, page, slice != NULL);
-                        page = slice->cpl_page;
-                        /*
-                         * Can safely call cl_page_get_trust() under
-                         * radix-tree spin-lock.
-                         *
-                         * XXX not true, because @page is from object another
-                         * than @hdr and protected by different tree lock.
-                         */
-                        cl_page_get_trust(page);
-                        lu_ref_add_atomic(&page->cp_reference,
-                                          "page_list", cfs_current());
-                        pvec[j++] = page;
-                }
-
-                /*
-                 * Here a delicate locking dance is performed. Current thread
-                 * holds a reference to a page, but has to own it before it
-                 * can be placed into queue. Owning implies waiting, so
-                 * radix-tree lock is to be released. After a wait one has to
-                 * check that pages weren't truncated (cl_page_own() returns
-                 * error in the latter case).
-                 */
-                spin_unlock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-                for (i = 0; i < j; ++i) {
-                        page = pvec[i];
-                        if (cl_page_own(env, io, page) == 0)
-                                cl_page_list_add(queue, page);
-                        lu_ref_del(&page->cp_reference,
-                                   "page_list", cfs_current());
-                        cl_page_put(env, page);
-                }
-                spin_lock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-                if (nr < CLT_PVEC_SIZE)
-                        break;
-        }
-        spin_unlock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-        EXIT;
+       int index = cl_page->cp_kmem_index;
+
+       if (index >= 0) {
+               LASSERT(index < ARRAY_SIZE(cl_page_kmem_array));
+               LASSERT(cl_page_kmem_size_array[index] == bufsize);
+               OBD_SLAB_FREE(cl_page, cl_page_kmem_array[index], bufsize);
+       } else {
+               OBD_FREE(cl_page, bufsize);
+       }
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_gang_lookup);
 
-static void cl_page_free(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *page)
+static void cl_page_free(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *cp,
+                        struct folio_batch *fbatch)
 {
-        struct cl_object *obj  = page->cp_obj;
-        struct cl_site   *site = cl_object_site(obj);
-
-        PASSERT(env, page, cl_is_page(page));
-        PASSERT(env, page, list_empty(&page->cp_batch));
-        PASSERT(env, page, page->cp_owner == NULL);
-        PASSERT(env, page, page->cp_req == NULL);
-        PASSERT(env, page, page->cp_parent == NULL);
-        PASSERT(env, page, page->cp_state == CPS_FREEING);
-
-        ENTRY;
-        might_sleep();
-        while (!list_empty(&page->cp_layers)) {
-                struct cl_page_slice *slice;
-
-                slice = list_entry(page->cp_layers.next, struct cl_page_slice,
-                                   cpl_linkage);
-                list_del_init(page->cp_layers.next);
-                slice->cpl_ops->cpo_fini(env, slice);
-        }
-        atomic_dec(&site->cs_pages.cs_total);
-        atomic_dec(&site->cs_pages_state[page->cp_state]);
-        lu_object_ref_del_at(&obj->co_lu, page->cp_obj_ref, "cl_page", page);
-        cl_object_put(env, obj);
-        lu_ref_fini(&page->cp_reference);
-        OBD_SLAB_FREE_PTR(page, cl_page_kmem);
-        EXIT;
+       struct cl_object *obj  = cp->cp_obj;
+       unsigned short bufsize = cl_object_header(obj)->coh_page_bufsize;
+       struct page *vmpage;
+
+       ENTRY;
+       PASSERT(env, cp, list_empty(&cp->cp_batch));
+       PASSERT(env, cp, cp->cp_owner == NULL);
+       if (cp->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               PASSERT(env, cp, cp->cp_state == CPS_FREEING);
+
+       if (cp->cp_type == CPT_CACHEABLE) {
+               /* vmpage->private was already cleared when page was
+                * moved into CPS_FREEING state.
+                */
+               vmpage = cp->cp_vmpage;
+               LASSERT(vmpage != NULL);
+               LASSERT((struct cl_page *)vmpage->private != cp);
+
+               if (fbatch != NULL) {
+                       if (!folio_batch_add_page(fbatch, vmpage))
+                               folio_batch_release(fbatch);
+               } else {
+                       put_page(vmpage);
+               }
+       }
+
+       cp->cp_layer_count = 0;
+       cs_page_dec(obj, CS_total);
+       if (cp->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               cs_pagestate_dec(obj, cp->cp_state);
+       lu_object_ref_del_at(&obj->co_lu, &cp->cp_obj_ref, "cl_page", cp);
+       if (cp->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               cl_object_put(env, obj);
+       lu_ref_fini(&cp->cp_reference);
+       __cl_page_free(cp, bufsize);
+       EXIT;
 }
 
-/**
- * Helper function updating page state. This is the only place in the code
- * where cl_page::cp_state field is mutated.
- */
-static inline void cl_page_state_set_trust(struct cl_page *page,
-                                           enum cl_page_state state)
+static struct cl_page *__cl_page_alloc(struct cl_object *o)
 {
-        /* bypass const. */
-        *(enum cl_page_state *)&page->cp_state = state;
+       int i = 0;
+       struct cl_page *cl_page = NULL;
+       unsigned short bufsize = cl_object_header(o)->coh_page_bufsize;
+
+       if (CFS_FAIL_CHECK(OBD_FAIL_LLITE_PAGE_ALLOC))
+               return NULL;
+
+check:
+       /* the number of entries in cl_page_kmem_array is expected to
+        * only be 2-3 entries, so the lookup overhead should be low.
+        */
+       for ( ; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cl_page_kmem_array); i++) {
+               if (smp_load_acquire(&cl_page_kmem_size_array[i]) == bufsize) {
+                       OBD_SLAB_ALLOC_GFP(cl_page, cl_page_kmem_array[i],
+                                          bufsize, GFP_NOFS);
+                       if (cl_page)
+                               cl_page->cp_kmem_index = i;
+                       return cl_page;
+               }
+               if (cl_page_kmem_size_array[i] == 0)
+                       break;
+       }
+
+       if (i < ARRAY_SIZE(cl_page_kmem_array)) {
+               char cache_name[32];
+
+               mutex_lock(&cl_page_kmem_mutex);
+               if (cl_page_kmem_size_array[i]) {
+                       mutex_unlock(&cl_page_kmem_mutex);
+                       goto check;
+               }
+               snprintf(cache_name, sizeof(cache_name),
+                        "cl_page_kmem-%u", bufsize);
+               cl_page_kmem_array[i] =
+                       kmem_cache_create(cache_name, bufsize,
+                                         0, 0, NULL);
+               if (cl_page_kmem_array[i] == NULL) {
+                       mutex_unlock(&cl_page_kmem_mutex);
+                       return NULL;
+               }
+               smp_store_release(&cl_page_kmem_size_array[i], bufsize);
+               mutex_unlock(&cl_page_kmem_mutex);
+               goto check;
+       } else {
+               OBD_ALLOC_GFP(cl_page, bufsize, GFP_NOFS);
+               if (cl_page)
+                       cl_page->cp_kmem_index = -1;
+       }
+
+       return cl_page;
 }
 
-static int cl_page_alloc(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_object *o,
-                         pgoff_t ind, struct page *vmpage,
-                         enum cl_page_type type, struct cl_page **out)
+struct cl_page *cl_page_alloc(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_object *o,
+                             pgoff_t ind, struct page *vmpage,
+                             enum cl_page_type type)
 {
-        struct cl_page          *page;
-        struct cl_page          *err  = NULL;
-        struct lu_object_header *head;
-        struct cl_site          *site = cl_object_site(o);
-        int                      result;
-
-        ENTRY;
-        result = +1;
-        OBD_SLAB_ALLOC_PTR_GFP(page, cl_page_kmem, CFS_ALLOC_IO);
-        if (page != NULL) {
-                atomic_set(&page->cp_ref, 1);
-                page->cp_obj = o;
-                cl_object_get(o);
-                page->cp_obj_ref = lu_object_ref_add(&o->co_lu,
-                                                     "cl_page", page);
-                page->cp_index = ind;
-                cl_page_state_set_trust(page, CPS_CACHED);
-                page->cp_type = type;
-                CFS_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&page->cp_layers);
-                CFS_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&page->cp_batch);
-                CFS_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&page->cp_flight);
-                mutex_init(&page->cp_mutex);
-                lu_ref_init(&page->cp_reference);
-                head = o->co_lu.lo_header;
-                list_for_each_entry(o, &head->loh_layers, co_lu.lo_linkage) {
-                        if (o->co_ops->coo_page_init != NULL) {
-                                err = o->co_ops->coo_page_init(env, o,
-                                                               page, vmpage);
-                                if (err != NULL) {
-                                        cl_page_state_set_trust(page,
-                                                                CPS_FREEING);
-                                        cl_page_free(env, page);
-                                        page = err;
-                                        break;
-                                }
-                        }
-                }
-                if (err == NULL) {
-                        atomic_inc(&site->cs_pages.cs_busy);
-                        atomic_inc(&site->cs_pages.cs_total);
-                        atomic_inc(&site->cs_pages_state[CPS_CACHED]);
-                        atomic_inc(&site->cs_pages.cs_created);
-                        result = 0;
-                }
-        } else
-                page = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
-        *out = page;
-        RETURN(result);
+       struct cl_page *cl_page;
+       struct cl_object *head;
+
+       ENTRY;
+
+       cl_page = __cl_page_alloc(o);
+       if (cl_page != NULL) {
+               int result = 0;
+
+               /* Please fix cl_page:cp_state/type declaration if
+                * these assertions fail in the future.
+                */
+               BUILD_BUG_ON((1 << CP_STATE_BITS) < CPS_NR); /* cp_state */
+               BUILD_BUG_ON((1 << CP_TYPE_BITS) < CPT_NR); /* cp_type */
+               refcount_set(&cl_page->cp_ref, 1);
+               cl_page->cp_obj = o;
+               if (type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+                       cl_object_get(o);
+               lu_object_ref_add_at(&o->co_lu, &cl_page->cp_obj_ref,
+                                    "cl_page", cl_page);
+               cl_page->cp_vmpage = vmpage;
+               if (cl_page->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+                       cl_page->cp_state = CPS_CACHED;
+               cl_page->cp_type = type;
+               if (type == CPT_TRANSIENT)
+                       /* correct inode to be added in ll_direct_rw_pages */
+                       cl_page->cp_inode = NULL;
+               else
+                       cl_page->cp_inode = page2inode(vmpage);
+               INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cl_page->cp_batch);
+               lu_ref_init(&cl_page->cp_reference);
+               head = o;
+               cl_page->cp_page_index = ind;
+               cl_object_for_each(o, head) {
+                       if (o->co_ops->coo_page_init != NULL) {
+                               result = o->co_ops->coo_page_init(env, o,
+                                                       cl_page, ind);
+                               if (result != 0) {
+                                       __cl_page_delete(env, cl_page);
+                                       cl_page_free(env, cl_page, NULL);
+                                       cl_page = ERR_PTR(result);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               if (result == 0) {
+                       cs_page_inc(o, CS_total);
+                       cs_page_inc(o, CS_create);
+                       cs_pagestate_dec(o, CPS_CACHED);
+               }
+       } else {
+               cl_page = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+       }
+       RETURN(cl_page);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -373,219 +324,119 @@ static int cl_page_alloc(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_object *o,
  *
  * \see cl_object_find(), cl_lock_find()
  */
-struct cl_page *cl_page_find(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_object *o,
-                             pgoff_t idx, struct page *vmpage,
-                             enum cl_page_type type)
+struct cl_page *cl_page_find(const struct lu_env *env,
+                            struct cl_object *o,
+                            pgoff_t idx, struct page *vmpage,
+                            enum cl_page_type type)
 {
-        struct cl_page          *page;
-        struct cl_page          *ghost = NULL;
-        struct cl_object_header *hdr;
-        struct cl_site          *site = cl_object_site(o);
-        int err;
-
-        LINVRNT(type == CPT_CACHEABLE || type == CPT_TRANSIENT);
-        might_sleep();
-
-        ENTRY;
-
-        hdr = cl_object_header(o);
-        atomic_inc(&site->cs_pages.cs_lookup);
-
-        CDEBUG(D_PAGE, "%lu@"DFID" %p %lu %i\n",
-               idx, PFID(&hdr->coh_lu.loh_fid), vmpage, vmpage->private, type);
-        /* fast path. */
-        if (type == CPT_CACHEABLE) {
-                /*
-                 * cl_vmpage_page() can be called here without any locks as
-                 *
-                 *     - "vmpage" is locked (which prevents ->private from
-                 *       concurrent updates), and
-                 *
-                 *     - "o" cannot be destroyed while current thread holds a
-                 *       reference on it.
-                 */
-                page = cl_vmpage_page(vmpage, o);
-                PINVRNT(env, page,
-                        ergo(page != NULL,
-                             cl_page_vmpage(env, page) == vmpage &&
-                             (void *)radix_tree_lookup(&hdr->coh_tree,
-                                                       idx) == page));
-        } else {
-                spin_lock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-                page = cl_page_lookup(hdr, idx);
-                spin_unlock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-        }
-        if (page != NULL) {
-                atomic_inc(&site->cs_pages.cs_hit);
-                RETURN(page);
-        }
-
-        /* allocate and initialize cl_page */
-        err = cl_page_alloc(env, o, idx, vmpage, type, &page);
-        if (err != 0)
-                RETURN(page);
-        /*
-         * XXX optimization: use radix_tree_preload() here, and change tree
-         * gfp mask to GFP_KERNEL in cl_object_header_init().
-         */
-        spin_lock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-        err = radix_tree_insert(&hdr->coh_tree, idx, page);
-        if (err != 0) {
-                ghost = page;
-                /*
-                 * Noted by Jay: a lock on \a vmpage protects cl_page_find()
-                 * from this race, but
-                 *
-                 *     0. it's better to have cl_page interface "locally
-                 *     consistent" so that its correctness can be reasoned
-                 *     about without appealing to the (obscure world of) VM
-                 *     locking.
-                 *
-                 *     1. handling this race allows ->coh_tree to remain
-                 *     consistent even when VM locking is somehow busted,
-                 *     which is very useful during diagnosing and debugging.
-                 */
-                if (err == -EEXIST) {
-                        /*
-                         * XXX in case of a lookup for CPT_TRANSIENT page,
-                         * nothing protects a CPT_CACHEABLE page from being
-                         * concurrently moved into CPS_FREEING state.
-                         */
-                        page = cl_page_lookup(hdr, idx);
-                        PASSERT(env, page, page != NULL);
-                        if (page->cp_type == CPT_TRANSIENT &&
-                            type == CPT_CACHEABLE) {
-                                /* XXX: We should make sure that inode sem
-                                 * keeps being held in the lifetime of
-                                 * transient pages, so it is impossible to
-                                 * have conflicting transient pages.
-                                 */
-                                spin_unlock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-                                cl_page_put(env, page);
-                                spin_lock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-                                page = ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);
-                        }
-                } else
-                        page = ERR_PTR(err);
-        } else
-                hdr->coh_pages++;
-        spin_unlock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-
-        if (unlikely(ghost != NULL)) {
-                atomic_dec(&site->cs_pages.cs_busy);
-                cl_page_delete0(env, ghost, 0);
-                cl_page_free(env, ghost);
-        }
-        RETURN(page);
+       struct cl_page          *page = NULL;
+       struct cl_object_header *hdr;
+
+       LASSERT(type == CPT_CACHEABLE || type == CPT_TRANSIENT);
+       might_sleep();
+
+       ENTRY;
+
+       hdr = cl_object_header(o);
+       cs_page_inc(o, CS_lookup);
+
+       CDEBUG(D_PAGE, "%lu@"DFID" %p %lx %d\n",
+              idx, PFID(&hdr->coh_lu.loh_fid), vmpage, vmpage->private, type);
+       /* fast path. */
+       if (type == CPT_CACHEABLE) {
+               /* vmpage lock used to protect the child/parent relationship */
+               LASSERT(PageLocked(vmpage));
+               /*
+                * cl_vmpage_page() can be called here without any locks as
+                *
+                *     - "vmpage" is locked (which prevents ->private from
+                *       concurrent updates), and
+                *
+                *     - "o" cannot be destroyed while current thread holds a
+                *       reference on it.
+                */
+               page = cl_vmpage_page(vmpage, o);
+               if (page != NULL) {
+                       cs_page_inc(o, CS_hit);
+                       RETURN(page);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* allocate and initialize cl_page */
+       page = cl_page_alloc(env, o, idx, vmpage, type);
+       RETURN(page);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_find);
 
 static inline int cl_page_invariant(const struct cl_page *pg)
 {
-        struct cl_object_header *header;
-        struct cl_page          *parent;
-        struct cl_page          *child;
-        struct cl_io            *owner;
-
-        LASSERT(cl_is_page(pg));
-        /*
-         * Page invariant is protected by a VM lock.
-         */
-        LINVRNT(cl_page_is_vmlocked(NULL, pg));
-
-        header = cl_object_header(pg->cp_obj);
-        parent = pg->cp_parent;
-        child  = pg->cp_child;
-        owner  = pg->cp_owner;
-
-        return atomic_read(&pg->cp_ref) > 0 &&
-                ergo(parent != NULL, parent->cp_child == pg) &&
-                ergo(child != NULL, child->cp_parent == pg) &&
-                ergo(child != NULL, pg->cp_obj != child->cp_obj) &&
-                ergo(parent != NULL, pg->cp_obj != parent->cp_obj) &&
-                ergo(owner != NULL && parent != NULL,
-                     parent->cp_owner == pg->cp_owner->ci_parent) &&
-                ergo(owner != NULL && child != NULL,
-                     child->cp_owner->ci_parent == owner) &&
-                /*
-                 * Either page is early in initialization (has neither child
-                 * nor parent yet), or it is in the object radix tree.
-                 */
-                ergo(pg->cp_state < CPS_FREEING,
-                     (void *)radix_tree_lookup(&header->coh_tree,
-                                               pg->cp_index) == pg ||
-                     (child == NULL && parent == NULL));
+       return cl_page_in_use_noref(pg);
 }
 
-static void cl_page_state_set0(const struct lu_env *env,
-                               struct cl_page *page, enum cl_page_state state)
+static void __cl_page_state_set(const struct lu_env *env,
+                               struct cl_page *cl_page,
+                               enum cl_page_state state)
 {
-        enum cl_page_state old;
-        struct cl_site *site = cl_object_site(page->cp_obj);
-
-        /*
-         * Matrix of allowed state transitions [old][new], for sanity
-         * checking.
-         */
-        static const int allowed_transitions[CPS_NR][CPS_NR] = {
-                [CPS_CACHED] = {
-                        [CPS_CACHED]  = 0,
-                        [CPS_OWNED]   = 1, /* io finds existing cached page */
-                        [CPS_PAGEIN]  = 0,
-                        [CPS_PAGEOUT] = 1, /* write-out from the cache */
-                        [CPS_FREEING] = 1, /* eviction on the memory pressure */
-                },
-                [CPS_OWNED] = {
-                        [CPS_CACHED]  = 1, /* release to the cache */
-                        [CPS_OWNED]   = 0,
-                        [CPS_PAGEIN]  = 1, /* start read immediately */
-                        [CPS_PAGEOUT] = 1, /* start write immediately */
-                        [CPS_FREEING] = 1, /* lock invalidation or truncate */
-                },
-                [CPS_PAGEIN] = {
-                        [CPS_CACHED]  = 1, /* io completion */
-                        [CPS_OWNED]   = 0,
-                        [CPS_PAGEIN]  = 0,
-                        [CPS_PAGEOUT] = 0,
-                        [CPS_FREEING] = 0,
-                },
-                [CPS_PAGEOUT] = {
-                        [CPS_CACHED]  = 1, /* io completion */
-                        [CPS_OWNED]   = 0,
-                        [CPS_PAGEIN]  = 0,
-                        [CPS_PAGEOUT] = 0,
-                        [CPS_FREEING] = 0,
-                },
-                [CPS_FREEING] = {
-                        [CPS_CACHED]  = 0,
-                        [CPS_OWNED]   = 0,
-                        [CPS_PAGEIN]  = 0,
-                        [CPS_PAGEOUT] = 0,
-                        [CPS_FREEING] = 0,
-                }
-        };
-
-        ENTRY;
-        old = page->cp_state;
-        PASSERT(env, page, allowed_transitions[old][state]);
-        CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, page, "%i -> %i\n", old, state);
-        for (; page != NULL; page = page->cp_child) {
-                PASSERT(env, page, page->cp_state == old);
-                PASSERT(env, page,
-                        equi(state == CPS_OWNED, page->cp_owner != NULL));
-
-                atomic_dec(&site->cs_pages_state[page->cp_state]);
-                atomic_inc(&site->cs_pages_state[state]);
-                cl_page_state_set_trust(page, state);
-        }
-        EXIT;
+       enum cl_page_state old;
+
+       /* Matrix of allowed state transitions [old][new] for sanity checking */
+       static const int allowed_transitions[CPS_NR][CPS_NR] = {
+               [CPS_CACHED] = {
+                       [CPS_CACHED]  = 0,
+                       [CPS_OWNED]   = 1, /* io finds existing cached page */
+                       [CPS_PAGEIN]  = 0,
+                       [CPS_PAGEOUT] = 1, /* write-out from the cache */
+                       [CPS_FREEING] = 1, /* eviction on the memory pressure */
+               },
+               [CPS_OWNED] = {
+                       [CPS_CACHED]  = 1, /* release to the cache */
+                       [CPS_OWNED]   = 0,
+                       [CPS_PAGEIN]  = 1, /* start read immediately */
+                       [CPS_PAGEOUT] = 1, /* start write immediately */
+                       [CPS_FREEING] = 1, /* lock invalidation or truncate */
+               },
+               [CPS_PAGEIN] = {
+                       [CPS_CACHED]  = 1, /* io completion */
+                       [CPS_OWNED]   = 0,
+                       [CPS_PAGEIN]  = 0,
+                       [CPS_PAGEOUT] = 0,
+                       [CPS_FREEING] = 0,
+               },
+               [CPS_PAGEOUT] = {
+                       [CPS_CACHED]  = 1, /* io completion */
+                       [CPS_OWNED]   = 0,
+                       [CPS_PAGEIN]  = 0,
+                       [CPS_PAGEOUT] = 0,
+                       [CPS_FREEING] = 0,
+               },
+               [CPS_FREEING] = {
+                       [CPS_CACHED]  = 0,
+                       [CPS_OWNED]   = 0,
+                       [CPS_PAGEIN]  = 0,
+                       [CPS_PAGEOUT] = 0,
+                       [CPS_FREEING] = 0,
+               }
+       };
+
+       ENTRY;
+       old = cl_page->cp_state;
+       PASSERT(env, cl_page, allowed_transitions[old][state]);
+       CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, cl_page, "%d -> %d\n", old, state);
+       PASSERT(env, cl_page, cl_page->cp_state == old);
+       PASSERT(env, cl_page, equi(state == CPS_OWNED,
+                                  cl_page->cp_owner != NULL));
+
+       cs_pagestate_dec(cl_page->cp_obj, cl_page->cp_state);
+       cs_pagestate_inc(cl_page->cp_obj, state);
+       cl_page->cp_state = state;
+       EXIT;
 }
 
 static void cl_page_state_set(const struct lu_env *env,
-                              struct cl_page *page, enum cl_page_state state)
+                             struct cl_page *page, enum cl_page_state state)
 {
-        PINVRNT(env, page, cl_page_invariant(page));
-        cl_page_state_set0(env, page, state);
+       LASSERT(page->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT);
+       __cl_page_state_set(env, page, state);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -598,15 +449,42 @@ static void cl_page_state_set(const struct lu_env *env,
  */
 void cl_page_get(struct cl_page *page)
 {
-        ENTRY;
-        LASSERT(page->cp_state != CPS_FREEING);
-        cl_page_get_trust(page);
-        EXIT;
+       ENTRY;
+       cl_page_get_trust(page);
+       EXIT;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_get);
 
 /**
- * Releases a reference to a page.
+ * Releases a reference to a page, use the folio_batch to release the pages
+ * in batch if provided.
+ *
+ * Users need to do a final folio_batch_release() to release any trailing pages.
+ */
+void cl_batch_put(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *page,
+                 struct folio_batch *fbatch)
+{
+       ENTRY;
+       CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, page, "%d\n",
+                      refcount_read(&page->cp_ref));
+
+       if (refcount_dec_and_test(&page->cp_ref)) {
+               if (page->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+                       LASSERT(page->cp_state == CPS_FREEING);
+
+               LASSERT(refcount_read(&page->cp_ref) == 0);
+               PASSERT(env, page, page->cp_owner == NULL);
+               PASSERT(env, page, list_empty(&page->cp_batch));
+               /* Page is no longer reachable by other threads. Tear it down */
+               cl_page_free(env, page, fbatch);
+       }
+
+       EXIT;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_batch_put);
+
+/**
+ * Releases a reference to a page, wrapper to cl_batch_put
  *
  * When last reference is released, page is returned to the cache, unless it
  * is in cl_page_state::CPS_FREEING state, in which case it is immediately
@@ -616,386 +494,242 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_get);
  */
 void cl_page_put(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *page)
 {
-        struct cl_object_header *hdr;
-        struct cl_site *site = cl_object_site(page->cp_obj);
-
-        PASSERT(env, page, atomic_read(&page->cp_ref) > !!page->cp_parent);
-
-        ENTRY;
-        CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, page, "%i\n", atomic_read(&page->cp_ref));
-        hdr = cl_object_header(page->cp_obj);
-        if (atomic_dec_and_test(&page->cp_ref)) {
-                atomic_dec(&site->cs_pages.cs_busy);
-                if (page->cp_state == CPS_FREEING) {
-                        PASSERT(env, page, page->cp_owner == NULL);
-                        PASSERT(env, page, list_empty(&page->cp_batch));
-                        /*
-                         * Page is no longer reachable by other threads. Tear
-                         * it down.
-                         */
-                        cl_page_free(env, page);
-                }
-        }
-        EXIT;
+       cl_batch_put(env, page, NULL);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_put);
 
-/**
- * Returns a VM page associated with a given cl_page.
- */
-cfs_page_t *cl_page_vmpage(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *page)
+/* Returns a cl_page associated with a VM page, and given cl_object. */
+struct cl_page *cl_vmpage_page(struct page *vmpage, struct cl_object *obj)
 {
-        const struct cl_page_slice *slice;
-
-        /*
-         * Find uppermost layer with ->cpo_vmpage() method, and return its
-         * result.
-         */
-        page = cl_page_top(page);
-        do {
-                list_for_each_entry(slice, &page->cp_layers, cpl_linkage) {
-                        if (slice->cpl_ops->cpo_vmpage != NULL)
-                                RETURN(slice->cpl_ops->cpo_vmpage(env, slice));
-                }
-                page = page->cp_child;
-        } while (page != NULL);
-        LBUG(); /* ->cpo_vmpage() has to be defined somewhere in the stack */
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_vmpage);
-
-/**
- * Returns a cl_page associated with a VM page, and given cl_object.
- */
-struct cl_page *cl_vmpage_page(cfs_page_t *vmpage, struct cl_object *obj)
-{
-        struct cl_page *page;
-
-        ENTRY;
-        KLASSERT(PageLocked(vmpage));
-
-        /*
-         * NOTE: absence of races and liveness of data are guaranteed by page
-         *       lock on a "vmpage". That works because object destruction has
-         *       bottom-to-top pass.
-         */
-
-        /*
-         * This loop assumes that ->private points to the top-most page. This
-         * can be rectified easily.
-         */
-        for (page = (void *)vmpage->private;
-             page != NULL; page = page->cp_child) {
-                if (cl_object_same(page->cp_obj, obj)) {
-                        cl_page_get_trust(page);
-                        break;
-                }
-        }
-        LASSERT(ergo(page, cl_is_page(page) && page->cp_type == CPT_CACHEABLE));
-        RETURN(page);
+       struct cl_page *page;
+
+       ENTRY;
+       LASSERT(PageLocked(vmpage));
+
+       /*
+        * NOTE: absence of races and liveness of data are guaranteed by page
+        *       lock on a "vmpage". That works because object destruction has
+        *       bottom-to-top pass.
+        */
+
+       page = (struct cl_page *)vmpage->private;
+       if (page != NULL) {
+               cl_page_get_trust(page);
+               LASSERT(page->cp_type == CPT_CACHEABLE);
+       }
+       RETURN(page);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_vmpage_page);
 
-/**
- * Returns the top-page for a given page.
- *
- * \see cl_object_top(), cl_io_top()
- */
-struct cl_page *cl_page_top(struct cl_page *page)
-{
-        return cl_page_top_trusted(page);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_top);
-
-/**
- * Returns true if \a addr is an address of an allocated cl_page. Used in
- * assertions. This check is optimistically imprecise, i.e., it occasionally
- * returns true for the incorrect addresses, but if it returns false, then the
- * address is guaranteed to be incorrect. (Should be named cl_pagep().)
- *
- * \see cl_is_lock()
- */
-int cl_is_page(const void *addr)
-{
-        return cfs_mem_is_in_cache(addr, cl_page_kmem);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_is_page);
-
-const struct cl_page_slice *cl_page_at(const struct cl_page *page,
-                                       const struct lu_device_type *dtype)
-{
-        return cl_page_at_trusted(page, dtype);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_at);
-
-#define CL_PAGE_OP(opname) offsetof(struct cl_page_operations, opname)
-
-#define CL_PAGE_INVOKE(_env, _page, _op, _proto, ...)                   \
-({                                                                      \
-        const struct lu_env        *__env  = (_env);                    \
-        struct cl_page             *__page = (_page);                   \
-        const struct cl_page_slice *__scan;                             \
-        int                         __result;                           \
-        ptrdiff_t                   __op   = (_op);                     \
-        int                       (*__method)_proto;                    \
-                                                                        \
-        __result = 0;                                                   \
-        __page = cl_page_top(__page);                                   \
-        do {                                                            \
-                list_for_each_entry(__scan, &__page->cp_layers,         \
-                                    cpl_linkage) {                      \
-                        __method = *(void **)((char *)__scan->cpl_ops + \
-                                              __op);                    \
-                        if (__method != NULL) {                         \
-                                __result = (*__method)(__env, __scan,   \
-                                                       ## __VA_ARGS__); \
-                                if (__result != 0)                      \
-                                        break;                          \
-                        }                                               \
-                }                                                       \
-                __page = __page->cp_child;                              \
-        } while (__page != NULL && __result == 0);                      \
-        if (__result > 0)                                               \
-                __result = 0;                                           \
-        __result;                                                       \
-})
-
-#define CL_PAGE_INVOID(_env, _page, _op, _proto, ...)                   \
-do {                                                                    \
-        const struct lu_env        *__env  = (_env);                    \
-        struct cl_page             *__page = (_page);                   \
-        const struct cl_page_slice *__scan;                             \
-        ptrdiff_t                   __op   = (_op);                     \
-        void                      (*__method)_proto;                    \
-                                                                        \
-        __page = cl_page_top(__page);                                   \
-        do {                                                            \
-                list_for_each_entry(__scan, &__page->cp_layers,         \
-                                    cpl_linkage) {                      \
-                        __method = *(void **)((char *)__scan->cpl_ops + \
-                                              __op);                    \
-                        if (__method != NULL)                           \
-                                (*__method)(__env, __scan,              \
-                                            ## __VA_ARGS__);            \
-                }                                                       \
-                __page = __page->cp_child;                              \
-        } while (__page != NULL);                                       \
-} while (0)
-
-#define CL_PAGE_INVOID_REVERSE(_env, _page, _op, _proto, ...)           \
-do {                                                                    \
-        const struct lu_env        *__env  = (_env);                    \
-        struct cl_page             *__page = (_page);                   \
-        const struct cl_page_slice *__scan;                             \
-        ptrdiff_t                   __op   = (_op);                     \
-        void                      (*__method)_proto;                    \
-                                                                        \
-        /* get to the bottom page. */                                   \
-        while (__page->cp_child != NULL)                                \
-                __page = __page->cp_child;                              \
-        do {                                                            \
-                list_for_each_entry_reverse(__scan, &__page->cp_layers, \
-                                            cpl_linkage) {              \
-                        __method = *(void **)((char *)__scan->cpl_ops + \
-                                              __op);                    \
-                        if (__method != NULL)                           \
-                                (*__method)(__env, __scan,              \
-                                            ## __VA_ARGS__);            \
-                }                                                       \
-                __page = __page->cp_parent;                             \
-        } while (__page != NULL);                                       \
-} while (0)
-
-static int cl_page_invoke(const struct lu_env *env,
-                          struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *page, ptrdiff_t op)
-
-{
-        PINVRNT(env, page, cl_object_same(page->cp_obj, io->ci_obj));
-        ENTRY;
-        RETURN(CL_PAGE_INVOKE(env, page, op,
-                              (const struct lu_env *,
-                               const struct cl_page_slice *, struct cl_io *),
-                              io));
-}
-
-static void cl_page_invoid(const struct lu_env *env,
-                           struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *page, ptrdiff_t op)
-
-{
-        PINVRNT(env, page, cl_object_same(page->cp_obj, io->ci_obj));
-        ENTRY;
-        CL_PAGE_INVOID(env, page, op,
-                       (const struct lu_env *,
-                        const struct cl_page_slice *, struct cl_io *), io);
-        EXIT;
-}
-
 static void cl_page_owner_clear(struct cl_page *page)
 {
-        ENTRY;
-        for (page = cl_page_top(page); page != NULL; page = page->cp_child) {
-                if (page->cp_owner != NULL) {
-                        LASSERT(page->cp_owner->ci_owned_nr > 0);
-                        page->cp_owner->ci_owned_nr--;
-                        page->cp_owner = NULL;
-                        page->cp_task = NULL;
-                }
-        }
-        EXIT;
+       ENTRY;
+       if (page->cp_owner != NULL) {
+               LASSERT(page->cp_owner->ci_owned_nr > 0);
+               page->cp_owner->ci_owned_nr--;
+               page->cp_owner = NULL;
+       }
+       EXIT;
 }
 
 static void cl_page_owner_set(struct cl_page *page)
 {
-        ENTRY;
-        for (page = cl_page_top(page); page != NULL; page = page->cp_child) {
-                LASSERT(page->cp_owner != NULL);
-                page->cp_owner->ci_owned_nr++;
-        }
-        EXIT;
+       ENTRY;
+       LASSERT(page->cp_owner != NULL);
+       page->cp_owner->ci_owned_nr++;
+       EXIT;
 }
 
-void cl_page_disown0(const struct lu_env *env,
-                     struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *pg)
+void __cl_page_disown(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *cp)
 {
-        enum cl_page_state state;
-
-        ENTRY;
-        state = pg->cp_state;
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, state == CPS_OWNED || state == CPS_FREEING);
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
-        cl_page_owner_clear(pg);
-
-        if (state == CPS_OWNED)
-                cl_page_state_set(env, pg, CPS_CACHED);
-        /*
-         * Completion call-backs are executed in the bottom-up order, so that
-         * uppermost layer (llite), responsible for VFS/VM interaction runs
-         * last and can release locks safely.
-         */
-        CL_PAGE_INVOID_REVERSE(env, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_disown),
-                               (const struct lu_env *,
-                                const struct cl_page_slice *, struct cl_io *),
-                               io);
-        EXIT;
+       struct page *vmpage;
+       enum cl_page_state state;
+
+       ENTRY;
+       cl_page_owner_clear(cp);
+
+       if (cp->cp_type == CPT_CACHEABLE) {
+               state = cp->cp_state;
+               PINVRNT(env, cp, state == CPS_OWNED || state == CPS_FREEING);
+               PINVRNT(env, cp, cl_page_invariant(cp) || state == CPS_FREEING);
+               if (state == CPS_OWNED)
+                       cl_page_state_set(env, cp, CPS_CACHED);
+               vmpage = cp->cp_vmpage;
+               LASSERT(vmpage != NULL);
+               LASSERT(PageLocked(vmpage));
+               unlock_page(vmpage);
+       }
+
+       EXIT;
 }
 
-/**
- * returns true, iff page is owned by the given io.
- */
+/* returns true, iff page is owned by the given io. */
 int cl_page_is_owned(const struct cl_page *pg, const struct cl_io *io)
 {
-        LINVRNT(cl_object_same(pg->cp_obj, io->ci_obj));
-        ENTRY;
-        RETURN(pg->cp_state == CPS_OWNED && pg->cp_owner == io);
+       struct cl_io *top = cl_io_top((struct cl_io *)io);
+
+       LINVRNT(cl_object_same(pg->cp_obj, top->ci_obj));
+       ENTRY;
+       if (pg->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               RETURN(pg->cp_state == CPS_OWNED && pg->cp_owner == top);
+       else
+               RETURN(pg->cp_owner == top);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_is_owned);
 
 /**
- * Owns a page by IO.
+ * Try to own a page by IO.
  *
  * Waits until page is in cl_page_state::CPS_CACHED state, and then switch it
  * into cl_page_state::CPS_OWNED state.
  *
- * \pre  !cl_page_is_owned(pg, io)
- * \post result == 0 iff cl_page_is_owned(pg, io)
+ * \pre  !cl_page_is_owned(cl_page, io)
+ * \post result == 0 iff cl_page_is_owned(cl_page, io)
  *
  * \retval 0   success
  *
- * \retval -ve failure, e.g., page was destroyed (and landed in
+ * \retval -ve failure, e.g., cl_page was destroyed (and landed in
  *             cl_page_state::CPS_FREEING instead of cl_page_state::CPS_CACHED).
+ *             or, page was owned by another thread, or in IO.
  *
  * \see cl_page_disown()
- * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_own()
+ * \see cl_page_own_try()
+ * \see cl_page_own
  */
+static int __cl_page_own(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_io *io,
+                        struct cl_page *cl_page, int nonblock)
+{
+       struct page *vmpage = cl_page->cp_vmpage;
+       int result;
+
+       ENTRY;
+       PINVRNT(env, cl_page, !cl_page_is_owned(cl_page, io));
+
+       if (cl_page->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT &&
+           cl_page->cp_state == CPS_FREEING) {
+               result = -ENOENT;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       LASSERT(vmpage != NULL);
+
+       if (cl_page->cp_type == CPT_TRANSIENT) {
+               /* OK */
+       } else if (nonblock) {
+               if (!trylock_page(vmpage)) {
+                       result = -EAGAIN;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+
+               if (unlikely(PageWriteback(vmpage))) {
+                       unlock_page(vmpage);
+                       result = -EAGAIN;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       } else {
+               lock_page(vmpage);
+               wait_on_page_writeback(vmpage);
+       }
+
+       PASSERT(env, cl_page, cl_page->cp_owner == NULL);
+       cl_page->cp_owner = cl_io_top(io);
+       cl_page_owner_set(cl_page);
+
+       if (cl_page->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT) {
+               if (cl_page->cp_state == CPS_FREEING) {
+                       __cl_page_disown(env, cl_page);
+                       result = -ENOENT;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+
+               cl_page_state_set(env, cl_page, CPS_OWNED);
+       }
+
+       result = 0;
+out:
+       CDEBUG(D_INFO, "res %d\n", result);
+       PINVRNT(env, cl_page, ergo(result == 0,
+               cl_page_invariant(cl_page)));
+       RETURN(result);
+}
+
+/* Own a page, might be blocked. (see __cl_page_own()) */
 int cl_page_own(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *pg)
 {
-        int result;
-
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, !cl_page_is_owned(pg, io));
-
-        ENTRY;
-        pg = cl_page_top(pg);
-        io = cl_io_top(io);
-
-        if (pg->cp_state == CPS_FREEING) {
-                result = -EAGAIN;
-        } else {
-                cl_page_invoid(env, io, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_own));
-                PASSERT(env, pg, pg->cp_owner == NULL);
-                PASSERT(env, pg, pg->cp_req == NULL);
-                pg->cp_owner = io;
-                pg->cp_task  = current;
-                cl_page_owner_set(pg);
-                if (pg->cp_state != CPS_FREEING) {
-                        cl_page_state_set(env, pg, CPS_OWNED);
-                        result = 0;
-                } else {
-                        cl_page_disown0(env, io, pg);
-                        result = -EAGAIN;
-                }
-        }
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, ergo(result == 0, cl_page_invariant(pg)));
-        RETURN(result);
+       return __cl_page_own(env, io, pg, 0);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_own);
 
+/* Nonblock version of cl_page_own(). (see __cl_page_own()) */
+int cl_page_own_try(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_io *io,
+                   struct cl_page *pg)
+{
+       return __cl_page_own(env, io, pg, 1);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_own_try);
+
+
 /**
  * Assume page ownership.
  *
  * Called when page is already locked by the hosting VM.
  *
- * \pre !cl_page_is_owned(pg, io)
- * \post cl_page_is_owned(pg, io)
- *
- * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_assume()
+ * \pre !cl_page_is_owned(cp, io)
+ * \post cl_page_is_owned(cp, io)
  */
 void cl_page_assume(const struct lu_env *env,
-                    struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *pg)
+                   struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *cp)
 {
-        PASSERT(env, pg, pg->cp_state < CPS_OWNED);
-        PASSERT(env, pg, pg->cp_owner == NULL);
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_object_same(pg->cp_obj, io->ci_obj));
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
-
-        ENTRY;
-        pg = cl_page_top(pg);
-        io = cl_io_top(io);
-
-        cl_page_invoid(env, io, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_assume));
-        pg->cp_owner = io;
-        pg->cp_task = current;
-        cl_page_owner_set(pg);
-        cl_page_state_set(env, pg, CPS_OWNED);
-        EXIT;
+       struct page *vmpage;
+
+       ENTRY;
+       PINVRNT(env, cp, cl_object_same(cp->cp_obj, cl_io_top(io)->ci_obj));
+
+       if (cp->cp_type == CPT_CACHEABLE) {
+               vmpage = cp->cp_vmpage;
+               LASSERT(vmpage != NULL);
+               LASSERT(PageLocked(vmpage));
+               wait_on_page_writeback(vmpage);
+       }
+
+       PASSERT(env, cp, cp->cp_owner == NULL);
+       cp->cp_owner = cl_io_top(io);
+       cl_page_owner_set(cp);
+       if (cp->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               cl_page_state_set(env, cp, CPS_OWNED);
+       EXIT;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_assume);
 
 /**
  * Releases page ownership without unlocking the page.
  *
- * Moves page into cl_page_state::CPS_CACHED without releasing a lock on the
- * underlying VM page (as VM is supposed to do this itself).
+ * Moves cl_page into cl_page_state::CPS_CACHED without releasing a lock
+ * on the underlying VM page (as VM is supposed to do this itself).
  *
- * \pre   cl_page_is_owned(pg, io)
- * \post !cl_page_is_owned(pg, io)
- *
- * \see cl_page_assume()
+ * \pre   cl_page_is_owned(cp, io)
+ * \post !cl_page_is_owned(cp, io)
  */
 void cl_page_unassume(const struct lu_env *env,
-                      struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *pg)
+                     struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *cp)
 {
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_is_owned(pg, io));
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
-
-        ENTRY;
-        pg = cl_page_top(pg);
-        io = cl_io_top(io);
-        cl_page_owner_clear(pg);
-        cl_page_state_set(env, pg, CPS_CACHED);
-        CL_PAGE_INVOID_REVERSE(env, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_unassume),
-                               (const struct lu_env *,
-                                const struct cl_page_slice *, struct cl_io *),
-                               io);
-        EXIT;
+       struct page *vmpage;
+
+       ENTRY;
+       PINVRNT(env, cp, cl_page_is_owned(cp, io));
+       PINVRNT(env, cp, cl_page_invariant(cp));
+
+       cl_page_owner_clear(cp);
+       if (cp->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               cl_page_state_set(env, cp, CPS_CACHED);
+
+       if (cp->cp_type == CPT_CACHEABLE) {
+               vmpage = cp->cp_vmpage;
+               LASSERT(vmpage != NULL);
+               LASSERT(PageLocked(vmpage));
+       }
+
+       EXIT;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_unassume);
 
@@ -1008,93 +742,80 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_unassume);
  * \post !cl_page_is_owned(pg, io)
  *
  * \see cl_page_own()
- * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_disown()
  */
 void cl_page_disown(const struct lu_env *env,
-                    struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *pg)
+                   struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *pg)
 {
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_is_owned(pg, io));
+       if (pg->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT) {
+               PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_is_owned(pg, cl_io_top(io)) ||
+                       pg->cp_state == CPS_FREEING);
+       }
 
-        ENTRY;
-        pg = cl_page_top(pg);
-        io = cl_io_top(io);
-        cl_page_disown0(env, io, pg);
-        EXIT;
+       __cl_page_disown(env, pg);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_disown);
 
 /**
- * Called when page is to be removed from the object, e.g., as a result of
- * truncate.
+ * Called when cl_page is to be removed from the object, e.g.,
+ * as a result of truncate.
  *
  * Calls cl_page_operations::cpo_discard() top-to-bottom.
  *
- * \pre cl_page_is_owned(pg, io)
+ * \pre cl_page_is_owned(cl_page, io)
  *
  * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_discard()
  */
 void cl_page_discard(const struct lu_env *env,
-                     struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *pg)
+                    struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *cp)
 {
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_is_owned(pg, io));
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
-
-        cl_page_invoid(env, io, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_discard));
+       struct page *vmpage;
+       const struct cl_page_slice *slice;
+       int i;
+
+       PINVRNT(env, cp, cl_page_is_owned(cp, io));
+       PINVRNT(env, cp, cl_page_invariant(cp));
+
+       cl_page_slice_for_each(cp, slice, i) {
+               if (slice->cpl_ops->cpo_discard != NULL)
+                       (*slice->cpl_ops->cpo_discard)(env, slice, io);
+       }
+
+       if (cp->cp_type == CPT_CACHEABLE) {
+               vmpage = cp->cp_vmpage;
+               LASSERT(vmpage != NULL);
+               LASSERT(PageLocked(vmpage));
+               generic_error_remove_folio(vmpage->mapping, page_folio(vmpage));
+       } else {
+               cl_page_delete(env, cp);
+       }
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_discard);
 
 /**
  * Version of cl_page_delete() that can be called for not fully constructed
- * pages, e.g,. in a error handling cl_page_find()->cl_page_delete0()
- * path. Doesn't check page invariant.
+ * cl_pages, e.g. in an error handling cl_page_find()->__cl_page_delete()
+ * path. Doesn't check cl_page invariant.
  */
-static void cl_page_delete0(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *pg,
-                            int radix)
+static void __cl_page_delete(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *cp)
 {
-        struct cl_page *tmp = pg;
-        ENTRY;
-
-        PASSERT(env, pg, pg == cl_page_top(pg));
-        PASSERT(env, pg, pg->cp_state != CPS_FREEING);
-
-        /*
-         * Severe all ways to obtain new pointers to @pg.
-         */
-        cl_page_owner_clear(pg);
-
-        /* 
-         * unexport the page firstly before freeing it so that
-         * the page content is considered to be invalid.
-         * We have to do this because a CPS_FREEING cl_page may
-         * be NOT under the protection of a cl_lock.
-         * Afterwards, if this page is found by other threads, then this
-         * page will be forced to reread.
-         */
-        cl_page_export(env, pg, 0);
-        cl_page_state_set0(env, pg, CPS_FREEING);
-
-        if (!radix)
-                /*
-                 * !radix means that @pg is not yet in the radix tree, skip
-                 * removing it.
-                 */
-                tmp = pg->cp_child;
-        for (; tmp != NULL; tmp = tmp->cp_child) {
-                void                    *value;
-                struct cl_object_header *hdr;
-
-                hdr = cl_object_header(tmp->cp_obj);
-                spin_lock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-                value = radix_tree_delete(&hdr->coh_tree, tmp->cp_index);
-                PASSERT(env, tmp, value == tmp);
-                PASSERT(env, tmp, hdr->coh_pages > 0);
-                hdr->coh_pages--;
-                spin_unlock(&hdr->coh_page_guard);
-        }
-
-        CL_PAGE_INVOID(env, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_delete),
-                       (const struct lu_env *, const struct cl_page_slice *));
-        EXIT;
+       const struct cl_page_slice *slice;
+       int i;
+
+       ENTRY;
+       if (cp->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               PASSERT(env, cp, cp->cp_state != CPS_FREEING);
+
+       /* Severe all ways to obtain new pointers to @pg. */
+       cl_page_owner_clear(cp);
+       if (cp->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               __cl_page_state_set(env, cp, CPS_FREEING);
+
+       cl_page_slice_for_each_reverse(cp, slice, i) {
+               if (slice->cpl_ops->cpo_delete != NULL)
+                       (*slice->cpl_ops->cpo_delete)(env, slice);
+       }
+
+       EXIT;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1116,7 +837,6 @@ static void cl_page_delete0(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *pg,
  * Once page reaches cl_page_state::CPS_FREEING, all remaining references will
  * drain after some time, at which point page will be recycled.
  *
- * \pre  pg == cl_page_top(pg)
  * \pre  VM page is locked
  * \post pg->cp_state == CPS_FREEING
  *
@@ -1124,123 +844,83 @@ static void cl_page_delete0(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *pg,
  */
 void cl_page_delete(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *pg)
 {
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
-        ENTRY;
-        cl_page_delete0(env, pg, 1);
-        EXIT;
+       PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
+       ENTRY;
+       __cl_page_delete(env, pg);
+       EXIT;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_delete);
 
-/**
- * Unmaps page from user virtual memory.
- *
- * Calls cl_page_operations::cpo_unmap() through all layers top-to-bottom. The
- * layer responsible for VM interaction has to unmap page from user space
- * virtual memory.
- *
- * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_unmap()
- */
-int cl_page_unmap(const struct lu_env *env,
-                  struct cl_io *io, struct cl_page *pg)
+void cl_page_touch(const struct lu_env *env,
+                  const struct cl_page *cl_page, size_t to)
 {
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_is_owned(pg, io));
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
+       const struct cl_page_slice *slice;
+       int i;
 
-        return cl_page_invoke(env, io, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_unmap));
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_unmap);
+       ENTRY;
 
-/**
- * Marks page up-to-date.
- *
- * Call cl_page_operations::cpo_export() through all layers top-to-bottom. The
- * layer responsible for VM interaction has to mark/clear page as up-to-date
- * by the @uptodate argument.
- *
- * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_export()
- */
-void cl_page_export(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *pg, int uptodate)
-{
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
-        CL_PAGE_INVOID(env, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_export),
-                       (const struct lu_env *,
-                        const struct cl_page_slice *, int), uptodate);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_export);
+       cl_page_slice_for_each(cl_page, slice, i) {
+               if (slice->cpl_ops->cpo_page_touch != NULL)
+                       (*slice->cpl_ops->cpo_page_touch)(env, slice, to);
+       }
 
-/**
- * Returns true, iff \a pg is VM locked in a suitable sense by the calling
- * thread.
- */
-int cl_page_is_vmlocked(const struct lu_env *env, const struct cl_page *pg)
-{
-        int result;
-        const struct cl_page_slice *slice;
-
-        ENTRY;
-        pg = cl_page_top_trusted((struct cl_page *)pg);
-        slice = container_of(pg->cp_layers.next,
-                             const struct cl_page_slice, cpl_linkage);
-        PASSERT(env, pg, slice->cpl_ops->cpo_is_vmlocked != NULL);
-        /*
-         * Call ->cpo_is_vmlocked() directly instead of going through
-         * CL_PAGE_INVOKE(), because cl_page_is_vmlocked() is used by
-         * cl_page_invariant().
-         */
-        result = slice->cpl_ops->cpo_is_vmlocked(env, slice);
-        PASSERT(env, pg, result == -EBUSY || result == -ENODATA);
-        RETURN(result == -EBUSY);
+       EXIT;
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_is_vmlocked);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_touch);
 
 static enum cl_page_state cl_req_type_state(enum cl_req_type crt)
 {
-        ENTRY;
-        RETURN(crt == CRT_WRITE ? CPS_PAGEOUT : CPS_PAGEIN);
+       ENTRY;
+       RETURN(crt == CRT_WRITE ? CPS_PAGEOUT : CPS_PAGEIN);
 }
 
 static void cl_page_io_start(const struct lu_env *env,
-                             struct cl_page *pg, enum cl_req_type crt)
+                            struct cl_page *pg, enum cl_req_type crt)
 {
-        /*
-         * Page is queued for IO, change its state.
-         */
-        ENTRY;
-        cl_page_owner_clear(pg);
-        cl_page_state_set(env, pg, cl_req_type_state(crt));
-        EXIT;
+       /* Page is queued for IO, change its state. */
+       ENTRY;
+       cl_page_owner_clear(pg);
+       if (pg->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               cl_page_state_set(env, pg, cl_req_type_state(crt));
+       EXIT;
 }
 
 /**
- * Prepares page for immediate transfer. cl_page_operations::cpo_prep() is
- * called top-to-bottom. Every layer either agrees to submit this page (by
- * returning 0), or requests to omit this page (by returning -EALREADY). Layer
- * handling interactions with the VM also has to inform VM that page is under
- * transfer now.
+ * Prepares page for immediate transfer. Return -EALREADY if this page
+ * should be omitted from transfer.
  */
 int cl_page_prep(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_io *io,
-                 struct cl_page *pg, enum cl_req_type crt)
+                struct cl_page *cp, enum cl_req_type crt)
 {
-        int result;
-
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_is_owned(pg, io));
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, crt < CRT_NR);
-
-        /*
-         * XXX this has to be called bottom-to-top, so that llite can set up
-         * PG_writeback without risking other layers deciding to skip this
-         * page.
-         */
-        result = cl_page_invoke(env, io, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(io[crt].cpo_prep));
-        if (result == 0)
-                cl_page_io_start(env, pg, crt);
-
-        KLASSERT(ergo(crt == CRT_WRITE && pg->cp_type == CPT_CACHEABLE,
-                      equi(result == 0,
-                           PageWriteback(cl_page_vmpage(env, pg)))));
-        CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, pg, "%i %i\n", crt, result);
-        return result;
+       struct page *vmpage = cp->cp_vmpage;
+       int rc;
+
+       PASSERT(env, cp, crt < CRT_NR);
+       PINVRNT(env, cp, cl_page_is_owned(cp, io));
+       PINVRNT(env, cp, cl_page_invariant(cp));
+
+       if (cp->cp_type == CPT_TRANSIENT) {
+               /* Nothing to do. */
+       } else if (crt == CRT_READ) {
+               if (PageUptodate(vmpage))
+                       GOTO(out, rc = -EALREADY);
+       } else {
+               LASSERT(PageLocked(vmpage));
+               LASSERT(!PageDirty(vmpage));
+
+               /* ll_writepage path is not a sync write, so need to
+                * set page writeback flag
+                */
+               if (cp->cp_sync_io == NULL)
+                       set_page_writeback(vmpage);
+       }
+
+       cl_page_io_start(env, cp, crt);
+       rc = 0;
+out:
+       CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, cp, "%d %d\n", crt, rc);
+
+       return rc;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_prep);
 
@@ -1254,43 +934,43 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_prep);
  * uppermost layer (llite), responsible for the VFS/VM interaction runs last
  * and can release locks safely.
  *
- * \pre  pg->cp_state == CPS_PAGEIN || pg->cp_state == CPS_PAGEOUT
- * \post pg->cp_state == CPS_CACHED
+ * \pre  cl_page->cp_state == CPS_PAGEIN || cl_page->cp_state == CPS_PAGEOUT
+ * \post cl_page->cl_page_state == CPS_CACHED
  *
  * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_completion()
  */
 void cl_page_completion(const struct lu_env *env,
-                        struct cl_page *pg, enum cl_req_type crt, int ioret)
+                       struct cl_page *cl_page, enum cl_req_type crt,
+                       int ioret)
 {
-        PASSERT(env, pg, crt < CRT_NR);
-        /* cl_page::cp_req already cleared by the caller (osc_completion()) */
-        PASSERT(env, pg, pg->cp_req == NULL);
-        PASSERT(env, pg, pg->cp_state == cl_req_type_state(crt));
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
-
-        ENTRY;
-        CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, pg, "%i %i\n", crt, ioret);
-        if (crt == CRT_READ && ioret == 0) {
-                PASSERT(env, pg, !(pg->cp_flags & CPF_READ_COMPLETED));
-                pg->cp_flags |= CPF_READ_COMPLETED;
-        }
-
-        cl_page_state_set(env, pg, CPS_CACHED);
-        CL_PAGE_INVOID_REVERSE(env, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(io[crt].cpo_completion),
-                               (const struct lu_env *,
-                                const struct cl_page_slice *, int), ioret);
-        if (pg->cp_sync_io) {
-                cl_sync_io_note(pg->cp_sync_io, ioret);
-                pg->cp_sync_io = NULL;
-        }
-
-        /* Don't assert the page writeback bit here because the lustre file
-         * may be as a backend of swap space. in this case, the page writeback
-         * is set by VM, and obvious we shouldn't clear it at all. Fortunately
-         * this type of pages are all TRANSIENT pages. */
-        KLASSERT(ergo(pg->cp_type == CPT_CACHEABLE,
-                      !PageWriteback(cl_page_vmpage(env, pg))));
-        EXIT;
+       const struct cl_page_slice *slice;
+       struct cl_sync_io *anchor = cl_page->cp_sync_io;
+       int i;
+
+       ENTRY;
+       PASSERT(env, cl_page, crt < CRT_NR);
+       if (cl_page->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               PASSERT(env, cl_page,
+                       cl_page->cp_state == cl_req_type_state(crt));
+
+       CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, cl_page, "%d %d\n", crt, ioret);
+       if (cl_page->cp_type != CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               cl_page_state_set(env, cl_page, CPS_CACHED);
+       if (crt >= CRT_NR)
+               return;
+
+       cl_page_slice_for_each_reverse(cl_page, slice, i) {
+               if (slice->cpl_ops->io[crt].cpo_completion != NULL)
+                       (*slice->cpl_ops->io[crt].cpo_completion)(env, slice,
+                                                                 ioret);
+       }
+
+       if (anchor != NULL) {
+               LASSERT(cl_page->cp_sync_io == anchor);
+               cl_page->cp_sync_io = NULL;
+               cl_sync_io_note(env, anchor, ioret);
+       }
+       EXIT;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_completion);
 
@@ -1298,225 +978,161 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_completion);
  * Notify layers that transfer formation engine decided to yank this page from
  * the cache and to make it a part of a transfer.
  *
- * \pre  pg->cp_state == CPS_CACHED
- * \post pg->cp_state == CPS_PAGEIN || pg->cp_state == CPS_PAGEOUT
- *
- * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_make_ready()
+ * \pre  cl_page->cp_state == CPS_CACHED
+ * \post cl_page->cp_state == CPS_PAGEIN || cl_page->cp_state == CPS_PAGEOUT
  */
-int cl_page_make_ready(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *pg,
-                       enum cl_req_type crt)
+int cl_page_make_ready(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *cp,
+                      enum cl_req_type crt)
 {
-        int result;
-
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, crt < CRT_NR);
-
-        ENTRY;
-        result = CL_PAGE_INVOKE(env, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(io[crt].cpo_make_ready),
-                                (const struct lu_env *,
-                                 const struct cl_page_slice *));
-        if (result == 0) {
-                PASSERT(env, pg, pg->cp_state == CPS_CACHED);
-                cl_page_io_start(env, pg, crt);
-        }
-        CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, pg, "%i %i\n", crt, result);
-        RETURN(result);
+       struct page *vmpage = cp->cp_vmpage;
+       bool unlock = false;
+       int rc;
+
+       ENTRY;
+       PASSERT(env, cp, crt == CRT_WRITE);
+
+       if (cp->cp_type == CPT_TRANSIENT)
+               GOTO(out, rc = 0);
+
+       lock_page(vmpage);
+       PASSERT(env, cp, PageUptodate(vmpage));
+       unlock = true;
+
+       if (clear_page_dirty_for_io(vmpage)) {
+               LASSERT(cp->cp_state == CPS_CACHED);
+               /* This actually clears the dirty bit in the radix tree  */
+               set_page_writeback(vmpage);
+               CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_PAGE, env, cp, "readied\n");
+               rc = 0;
+       } else if (cp->cp_state == CPS_PAGEOUT) {
+               /* is it possible for osc_flush_async_page()
+                * to already make it ready?
+                */
+               rc = -EALREADY;
+       } else {
+               CL_PAGE_DEBUG(D_ERROR, env, cp,
+                             "unexpecting page state %d\n",
+                             cp->cp_state);
+               LBUG();
+       }
+
+out:
+       if (rc == 0) {
+               PASSERT(env, cp, cp->cp_state == CPS_CACHED);
+               cl_page_io_start(env, cp, crt);
+       }
+
+       if (unlock)
+               unlock_page(vmpage);
+
+       CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, cp, "%d %d\n", crt, rc);
+
+       return rc;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_make_ready);
 
 /**
- * Notify layers that high level io decided to place this page into a cache
- * for future transfer.
- *
- * The layer implementing transfer engine (osc) has to register this page in
- * its queues.
+ * Called if a page is being written back by kernel's intention.
  *
- * \pre  cl_page_is_owned(pg, io)
- * \post ergo(result == 0,
- *            pg->cp_state == CPS_PAGEIN || pg->cp_state == CPS_PAGEOUT)
- *
- * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_cache_add()
- */
-int cl_page_cache_add(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_io *io,
-                      struct cl_page *pg, enum cl_req_type crt)
-{
-        int result;
-
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, crt < CRT_NR);
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_is_owned(pg, io));
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
-
-        ENTRY;
-        result = cl_page_invoke(env, io, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(io[crt].cpo_cache_add));
-        if (result == 0) {
-                cl_page_owner_clear(pg);
-                cl_page_state_set(env, pg, CPS_CACHED);
-        }
-        CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, pg, "%i %i\n", crt, result);
-        RETURN(result);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_cache_add);
-
-/**
- * Checks whether page is protected by any extent lock is at least required
- * mode.
+ * \pre  cl_page_is_owned(cl_page, io)
+ * \post ergo(result == 0, cl_page->cp_state == CPS_PAGEOUT)
  *
- * \return the same as in cl_page_operations::cpo_is_under_lock() method.
- * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_is_under_lock()
+ * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_flush()
  */
-int cl_page_is_under_lock(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_io *io,
-                          struct cl_page *page)
+int cl_page_flush(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_io *io,
+                 struct cl_page *cl_page)
 {
-        int rc;
-
-        PINVRNT(env, page, cl_page_invariant(page));
-
-        ENTRY;
-        rc = CL_PAGE_INVOKE(env, page, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_is_under_lock),
-                            (const struct lu_env *,
-                             const struct cl_page_slice *, struct cl_io *),
-                            io);
-        PASSERT(env, page, rc != 0);
-        RETURN(rc);
+       const struct cl_page_slice *slice;
+       int result = 0;
+       int i;
+
+       ENTRY;
+       PINVRNT(env, cl_page, cl_page_is_owned(cl_page, io));
+       PINVRNT(env, cl_page, cl_page_invariant(cl_page));
+
+       cl_page_slice_for_each(cl_page, slice, i) {
+               if (slice->cpl_ops->cpo_flush != NULL)
+                       result = (*slice->cpl_ops->cpo_flush)(env, slice, io);
+               if (result != 0)
+                       break;
+       }
+       if (result > 0)
+               result = 0;
+
+       CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, cl_page, "%d\n", result);
+       RETURN(result);
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_is_under_lock);
-
-/**
- * Purges all cached pages belonging to the object \a obj.
- */
-int cl_pages_prune(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_object *clobj)
-{
-        struct cl_thread_info   *info;
-        struct cl_object        *obj = cl_object_top(clobj);
-        struct cl_io            *io;
-        struct cl_page_list     *plist;
-        int                      result;
-
-        ENTRY;
-        info  = cl_env_info(env);
-        plist = &info->clt_list;
-        io    = &info->clt_io;
-
-        /*
-         * initialize the io. This is ugly since we never do IO in this
-         * function, we just make cl_page_list functions happy. -jay
-         */
-        io->ci_obj = obj;
-        result = cl_io_init(env, io, CIT_MISC, obj);
-        if (result != 0) {
-                cl_io_fini(env, io);
-                RETURN(io->ci_result);
-        }
-
-        cl_page_list_init(plist);
-        cl_page_gang_lookup(env, obj, io, 0, CL_PAGE_EOF, plist);
-        /*
-         * Since we're purging the pages of an object, we don't care
-         * the possible outcomes of the following functions.
-         */
-        cl_page_list_unmap(env, io, plist);
-        cl_page_list_discard(env, io, plist);
-        cl_page_list_disown(env, io, plist);
-        cl_page_list_fini(env, plist);
-
-        cl_io_fini(env, io);
-        RETURN(result);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_pages_prune);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_flush);
 
 /**
  * Tells transfer engine that only part of a page is to be transmitted.
  *
  * \see cl_page_operations::cpo_clip()
  */
-void cl_page_clip(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *pg,
-                  int from, int to)
+void cl_page_clip(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *cl_page,
+                 int from, int to)
 {
-        PINVRNT(env, pg, cl_page_invariant(pg));
+       const struct cl_page_slice *slice;
+       int i;
+
+       PINVRNT(env, cl_page, cl_page_invariant(cl_page));
 
-        CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, pg, "%i %i\n", from, to);
-        CL_PAGE_INVOID(env, pg, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_clip),
-                       (const struct lu_env *,
-                        const struct cl_page_slice *,int, int),
-                       from, to);
+       CL_PAGE_HEADER(D_TRACE, env, cl_page, "%d %d\n", from, to);
+       cl_page_slice_for_each(cl_page, slice, i) {
+               if (slice->cpl_ops->cpo_clip != NULL)
+                       (*slice->cpl_ops->cpo_clip)(env, slice, from, to);
+       }
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_clip);
 
-/**
- * Prints human readable representation of \a pg to the \a f.
- */
+/* Prints human readable representation of \a pg to the \a f. */
 void cl_page_header_print(const struct lu_env *env, void *cookie,
-                          lu_printer_t printer, const struct cl_page *pg)
+                         lu_printer_t printer, const struct cl_page *pg)
 {
-        (*printer)(env, cookie,
-                   "page@%p[%d %p:%lu ^%p_%p %d %d %d %p %p %#x]\n",
-                   pg, atomic_read(&pg->cp_ref), pg->cp_obj,
-                   pg->cp_index, pg->cp_parent, pg->cp_child,
-                   pg->cp_state, pg->cp_error, pg->cp_type,
-                   pg->cp_owner, pg->cp_req, pg->cp_flags);
+       (*printer)(env, cookie,
+                  "page@%p[%d %p %d %d %p]\n",
+                  pg, refcount_read(&pg->cp_ref), pg->cp_obj,
+                  pg->cp_state, pg->cp_type,
+                  pg->cp_owner);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_header_print);
 
-/**
- * Prints human readable representation of \a pg to the \a f.
- */
+/* Prints human readable representation of \a cl_page to the \a f. */
 void cl_page_print(const struct lu_env *env, void *cookie,
-                   lu_printer_t printer, const struct cl_page *pg)
+                  lu_printer_t printer, const struct cl_page *cp)
 {
-        struct cl_page *scan;
-
-        for (scan = cl_page_top((struct cl_page *)pg);
-             scan != NULL; scan = scan->cp_child)
-                cl_page_header_print(env, cookie, printer, scan);
-        CL_PAGE_INVOKE(env, (struct cl_page *)pg, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_print),
-                       (const struct lu_env *env,
-                        const struct cl_page_slice *slice,
-                        void *cookie, lu_printer_t p), cookie, printer);
-        (*printer)(env, cookie, "end page@%p\n", pg);
+       struct page *vmpage = cp->cp_vmpage;
+       const struct cl_page_slice *slice;
+       int result = 0;
+       int i;
+
+       cl_page_header_print(env, cookie, printer, cp);
+
+       (*printer)(env, cookie, "vmpage @%p", vmpage);
+
+       if (vmpage != NULL) {
+               (*printer)(env, cookie, " %lx %d:%d %lx %lu %slru",
+                          (long)vmpage->flags, page_count(vmpage),
+                          page_mapcount(vmpage), vmpage->private,
+                          page_index(vmpage),
+                          list_empty(&vmpage->lru) ? "not-" : "");
+       }
+
+       (*printer)(env, cookie, "\n");
+
+       cl_page_slice_for_each(cp, slice, i) {
+               if (slice->cpl_ops->cpo_print != NULL)
+                       result = (*slice->cpl_ops->cpo_print)(env, slice,
+                                                             cookie, printer);
+               if (result != 0)
+                       break;
+       }
+
+       (*printer)(env, cookie, "end page@%p\n", cp);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_print);
 
 /**
- * Cancel a page which is still in a transfer.
- */
-int cl_page_cancel(const struct lu_env *env, struct cl_page *page)
-{
-        return CL_PAGE_INVOKE(env, page, CL_PAGE_OP(cpo_cancel),
-                              (const struct lu_env *,
-                               const struct cl_page_slice *));
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_cancel);
-
-/**
- * Converts a byte offset within object \a obj into a page index.
- */
-loff_t cl_offset(const struct cl_object *obj, pgoff_t idx)
-{
-        /*
-         * XXX for now.
-         */
-        return (loff_t)idx << CFS_PAGE_SHIFT;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_offset);
-
-/**
- * Converts a page index into a byte offset within object \a obj.
- */
-pgoff_t cl_index(const struct cl_object *obj, loff_t offset)
-{
-        /*
-         * XXX for now.
-         */
-        return offset >> CFS_PAGE_SHIFT;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_index);
-
-int cl_page_size(const struct cl_object *obj)
-{
-        return 1 << CFS_PAGE_SHIFT;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_size);
-
-/**
  * Adds page slice to the compound page.
  *
  * This is called by cl_object_operations::coo_page_init() methods to add a
@@ -1525,25 +1141,64 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_size);
  *
  * \see cl_lock_slice_add(), cl_req_slice_add(), cl_io_slice_add()
  */
-void cl_page_slice_add(struct cl_page *page, struct cl_page_slice *slice,
-                       struct cl_object *obj,
-                       const struct cl_page_operations *ops)
+void cl_page_slice_add(struct cl_page *cl_page, struct cl_page_slice *slice,
+                      struct cl_object *obj,
+                      const struct cl_page_operations *ops)
 {
-        ENTRY;
-        list_add_tail(&slice->cpl_linkage, &page->cp_layers);
-        slice->cpl_obj  = obj;
-        slice->cpl_ops  = ops;
-        slice->cpl_page = page;
-        EXIT;
+       unsigned int offset = (char *)slice -
+                       ((char *)cl_page + sizeof(*cl_page));
+
+       ENTRY;
+       LASSERT(cl_page->cp_layer_count < CP_MAX_LAYER);
+       LASSERT(offset < (1 << sizeof(cl_page->cp_layer_offset[0]) * 8));
+       cl_page->cp_layer_offset[cl_page->cp_layer_count++] = offset;
+       slice->cpl_ops  = ops;
+       slice->cpl_page = cl_page;
+
+       EXIT;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_page_slice_add);
 
-int  cl_page_init(void)
+/* Allocate and initialize cl_cache, called by ll_init_sbi(). */
+struct cl_client_cache *cl_cache_init(unsigned long lru_page_max)
+{
+       struct cl_client_cache  *cache = NULL;
+
+       ENTRY;
+       OBD_ALLOC(cache, sizeof(*cache));
+       if (cache == NULL)
+               RETURN(NULL);
+
+       /* Initialize cache data */
+       refcount_set(&cache->ccc_users, 1);
+       cache->ccc_lru_max = lru_page_max;
+       atomic_long_set(&cache->ccc_lru_left, lru_page_max);
+       spin_lock_init(&cache->ccc_lru_lock);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cache->ccc_lru);
+
+       cache->ccc_unstable_check = 1;
+       atomic_long_set(&cache->ccc_unstable_nr, 0);
+       mutex_init(&cache->ccc_max_cache_mb_lock);
+
+       RETURN(cache);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_cache_init);
+
+/* Increase cl_cache refcount */
+void cl_cache_incref(struct cl_client_cache *cache)
 {
-        return lu_kmem_init(cl_page_caches);
+       refcount_inc(&cache->ccc_users);
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_cache_incref);
 
-void cl_page_fini(void)
+/**
+ * Decrease cl_cache refcount and free the cache if refcount=0.
+ * Since llite, lov and osc all hold cl_cache refcount,
+ * the free will not cause race. (LU-6173)
+ */
+void cl_cache_decref(struct cl_client_cache *cache)
 {
-        lu_kmem_fini(cl_page_caches);
+       if (refcount_dec_and_test(&cache->ccc_users))
+               OBD_FREE(cache, sizeof(*cache));
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(cl_cache_decref);