2 * filefrag.c -- report if a particular file is fragmented
4 * Copyright 2003 by Theodore Ts'o.
7 * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
19 fputs("This program is only supported on Linux!\n", stderr);
23 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
38 #include <sys/types.h>
41 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
43 #include <ext2fs/ext2fs.h>
44 #include <ext2fs/ext2_types.h>
45 #include <ext2fs/fiemap.h>
48 int blocksize; /* Use specified blocksize (default 1kB) */
49 int sync_file = 0; /* fsync file before getting the mapping */
50 int xattr_map = 0; /* get xattr mapping */
51 int force_bmap; /* force use of FIBMAP instead of FIEMAP */
52 int force_extent; /* print output in extent format always */
53 int logical_width = 8;
54 int physical_width = 10;
55 const char *ext_fmt = "%4d: %*llu..%*llu: %*llu..%*llu: %6llu: %s\n";
56 const char *hex_fmt = "%4d: %*llx..%*llx: %*llx..%*llx: %6llx: %s\n";
58 #define FILEFRAG_FIEMAP_FLAGS_COMPAT (FIEMAP_FLAG_SYNC | FIEMAP_FLAG_XATTR)
60 #define FIBMAP _IO(0x00, 1) /* bmap access */
61 #define FIGETBSZ _IO(0x00, 2) /* get the block size used for bmap */
63 #define LUSTRE_SUPER_MAGIC 0x0BD00BD0
65 #define EXT4_EXTENTS_FL 0x00080000 /* Inode uses extents */
66 #define EXT3_IOC_GETFLAGS _IOR('f', 1, long)
68 static int int_log2(int arg)
80 static int int_log10(unsigned long long arg)
92 static unsigned int div_ceil(unsigned int a, unsigned int b)
96 return ((a - 1) / b) + 1;
99 static int get_bmap(int fd, unsigned long block, unsigned long *phy_blk)
105 ret = ioctl(fd, FIBMAP, &b); /* FIBMAP takes pointer to integer */
107 if (errno == EPERM) {
108 fprintf(stderr, "No permission to use FIBMAP ioctl; "
109 "must have root privileges\n");
117 static void print_extent_header(void)
119 printf(" ext: %*s %*s length: %*s flags:\n",
120 logical_width * 2 + 3,
122 physical_width * 2 + 3, "physical_offset:",
127 static void print_extent_info(struct fiemap_extent *fm_extent, int cur_ex,
128 unsigned long long expected, int blk_shift,
129 ext2fs_struct_stat *st)
131 unsigned long long physical_blk;
132 unsigned long long logical_blk;
133 unsigned long long ext_len;
134 unsigned long long ext_blks;
135 char flags[256] = "";
137 /* For inline data all offsets should be in bytes, not blocks */
138 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE)
141 ext_len = fm_extent->fe_length >> blk_shift;
142 ext_blks = (fm_extent->fe_length - 1) >> blk_shift;
143 logical_blk = fm_extent->fe_logical >> blk_shift;
144 physical_blk = fm_extent->fe_physical >> blk_shift;
147 sprintf(flags, ext_fmt == hex_fmt ? "%*llx: " : "%*llu: ",
148 physical_width, expected >> blk_shift);
150 sprintf(flags, "%.*s ", physical_width, " ");
152 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNKNOWN)
153 strcat(flags, "unknown,");
154 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DELALLOC)
155 strcat(flags, "delalloc,");
156 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_ENCRYPTED)
157 strcat(flags, "encrypted,");
158 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_NOT_ALIGNED)
159 strcat(flags, "not_aligned,");
160 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE)
161 strcat(flags, "inline,");
162 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_TAIL)
163 strcat(flags, "tail_packed,");
164 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNWRITTEN)
165 strcat(flags, "unwritten,");
166 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED)
167 strcat(flags, "merged,");
169 if (fm_extent->fe_logical + fm_extent->fe_length >= (__u64) st->st_size)
170 strcat(flags, "eof,");
172 /* Remove trailing comma, if any */
174 flags[strlen(flags) - 1] = '\0';
176 printf(ext_fmt, cur_ex, logical_width, logical_blk,
177 logical_width, logical_blk + ext_blks,
178 physical_width, physical_blk,
179 physical_width, physical_blk + ext_blks,
183 static int filefrag_fiemap(int fd, int blk_shift, int *num_extents,
184 ext2fs_struct_stat *st)
187 struct fiemap *fiemap = (struct fiemap *)buf;
188 struct fiemap_extent *fm_ext = &fiemap->fm_extents[0];
189 int count = (sizeof(buf) - sizeof(*fiemap)) /
190 sizeof(struct fiemap_extent);
191 unsigned long long expected = 0;
192 unsigned long flags = 0;
194 static int fiemap_incompat_printed;
195 int fiemap_header_printed = 0;
196 int tot_extents = 0, n = 0;
200 memset(fiemap, 0, sizeof(struct fiemap));
203 flags |= FIEMAP_FLAG_SYNC;
206 flags |= FIEMAP_FLAG_XATTR;
209 fiemap->fm_length = ~0ULL;
210 fiemap->fm_flags = flags;
211 fiemap->fm_extent_count = count;
212 rc = ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_FIEMAP, (unsigned long) fiemap);
214 if (errno == EBADR && fiemap_incompat_printed == 0) {
215 printf("FIEMAP failed with unsupported "
216 "flags %x\n", fiemap->fm_flags);
217 fiemap_incompat_printed = 1;
222 /* If 0 extents are returned, then more ioctls are not needed */
223 if (fiemap->fm_mapped_extents == 0)
226 if (verbose && !fiemap_header_printed) {
227 print_extent_header();
228 fiemap_header_printed = 1;
231 for (i = 0; i < fiemap->fm_mapped_extents; i++) {
232 if (fm_ext[i].fe_logical != 0 &&
233 fm_ext[i].fe_physical != expected) {
241 print_extent_info(&fm_ext[i], n, expected,
244 expected = fm_ext[i].fe_physical + fm_ext[i].fe_length;
245 if (fm_ext[i].fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_LAST)
250 fiemap->fm_start = (fm_ext[i - 1].fe_logical +
251 fm_ext[i - 1].fe_length);
254 *num_extents = tot_extents;
259 #define EXT2_DIRECT 12
261 static int filefrag_fibmap(int fd, int blk_shift, int *num_extents,
262 ext2fs_struct_stat *st,
263 unsigned long numblocks, int is_ext2)
265 struct fiemap_extent fm_ext;
266 unsigned long i, last_block;
267 unsigned long long logical;
268 /* Blocks per indirect block */
269 const long bpib = st->st_blksize / 4;
273 memset(&fm_ext, 0, sizeof(fm_ext));
274 fm_ext.fe_flags = FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED;
280 for (i = 0, logical = 0, *num_extents = 0, count = last_block = 0;
282 i++, logical += st->st_blksize) {
283 unsigned long block = 0;
286 if (is_ext2 && last_block) {
287 if (((i - EXT2_DIRECT) % bpib) == 0)
289 if (((i - EXT2_DIRECT - bpib) % (bpib * bpib)) == 0)
291 if (((i - EXT2_DIRECT - bpib - bpib * bpib) %
292 (((unsigned long long)bpib) * bpib * bpib)) == 0)
295 rc = get_bmap(fd, i, &block);
300 if (*num_extents == 0) {
303 print_extent_header();
304 fm_ext.fe_physical = block * st->st_blksize;
308 if (force_extent && last_block != 0 &&
309 (block != last_block + 1 ||
310 fm_ext.fe_logical + fm_ext.fe_length != logical)) {
311 print_extent_info(&fm_ext, *num_extents - 1,
312 (last_block + 1) * st->st_blksize,
314 fm_ext.fe_logical = logical;
315 fm_ext.fe_physical = block * st->st_blksize;
316 fm_ext.fe_length = 0;
318 } else if (verbose && last_block && (block != last_block + 1)) {
319 printf("Discontinuity: Block %ld is at %lu (was %lu)\n",
320 i, block, last_block + 1);
323 fm_ext.fe_length += st->st_blksize;
328 print_extent_info(&fm_ext, *num_extents - 1,
329 last_block * st->st_blksize, blk_shift, st);
334 static void frag_report(const char *filename)
336 static struct statfs fsinfo;
337 ext2fs_struct_stat st;
340 unsigned long numblocks;
341 int data_blocks_per_cyl = 1;
342 int num_extents = 1, expected = ~0;
344 static dev_t last_device;
348 #if defined(HAVE_OPEN64) && !defined(__OSX_AVAILABLE_BUT_DEPRECATED)
349 fd = open64(filename, O_RDONLY);
351 fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
358 #if defined(HAVE_FSTAT64) && !defined(__OSX_AVAILABLE_BUT_DEPRECATED)
359 if (fstat64(fd, &st) < 0) {
361 if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
368 if (last_device != st.st_dev) {
369 if (fstatfs(fd, &fsinfo) < 0) {
375 printf("Filesystem type is: %lx\n",
376 (unsigned long) fsinfo.f_type);
378 st.st_blksize = fsinfo.f_bsize;
379 if (ioctl(fd, EXT3_IOC_GETFLAGS, &flags) < 0)
381 if (!(flags & EXT4_EXTENTS_FL) &&
382 ((fsinfo.f_type == 0xef51) || (fsinfo.f_type == 0xef52) ||
383 (fsinfo.f_type == 0xef53)))
387 long cylgroups = div_ceil(fsinfo.f_blocks, fsinfo.f_bsize * 8);
389 if (verbose && last_device != st.st_dev)
390 printf("Filesystem cylinder groups approximately %ld\n",
393 data_blocks_per_cyl = fsinfo.f_bsize * 8 -
394 (fsinfo.f_files / 8 / cylgroups) - 3;
396 last_device = st.st_dev;
398 width = int_log10(fsinfo.f_blocks);
399 if (width > physical_width)
400 physical_width = width;
402 numblocks = (st.st_size + fsinfo.f_bsize - 1) / fsinfo.f_bsize;
404 blk_shift = int_log2(blocksize);
406 blk_shift = int_log2(fsinfo.f_bsize);
408 width = int_log10(numblocks);
409 if (width > logical_width)
410 logical_width = width;
412 printf("File size of %s is %llu (%lu block%s of %d bytes)\n",
413 filename, (unsigned long long)st.st_size,
414 numblocks * fsinfo.f_bsize >> blk_shift,
415 numblocks == 1 ? "" : "s", 1 << blk_shift);
418 filefrag_fiemap(fd, blk_shift, &num_extents, &st) != 0) {
419 expected = filefrag_fibmap(fd, blk_shift, &num_extents,
420 &st, numblocks, is_ext2);
422 if (errno == EINVAL || errno == ENOTTY) {
423 fprintf(stderr, "%s: FIBMAP unsupported\n",
425 } else if (errno != EPERM) {
426 fprintf(stderr, "%s: FIBMAP error: %s",
427 filename, strerror(errno));
431 expected = expected / data_blocks_per_cyl + 1;
434 if (num_extents == 1)
435 printf("%s: 1 extent found", filename);
437 printf("%s: %d extents found", filename, num_extents);
438 /* count, and thus expected, only set for indirect FIBMAP'd files */
439 if (is_ext2 && expected && expected < num_extents)
440 printf(", perfection would be %d extent%s\n", expected,
441 (expected > 1) ? "s" : "");
448 static void usage(const char *progname)
450 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-b{blocksize}] [-BeklsvxX] file ...\n",
455 int main(int argc, char**argv)
460 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Bb::eksvxX")) != EOF)
468 blocksize = strtoul(optarg, &end, 0);
487 } else { /* Allow -b without argument for compat. Remove
488 * this eventually so "-b {blocksize}" works */
489 fprintf(stderr, "%s: -b needs a blocksize "
490 "option, assuming 1024-byte blocks.\n",
521 for (cpp=argv+optind; *cpp; cpp++)